PowerPoint Presentation - Inducible Genes
... available, a small amount of it is taken up and converted to allolactose by β-galactosidase. The allolactose binds to the repressor, causing it to fall off the operator site. ...
... available, a small amount of it is taken up and converted to allolactose by β-galactosidase. The allolactose binds to the repressor, causing it to fall off the operator site. ...
Powerpoint file - revised
... Model of spliceosome-mediated splicing of pre-mRNA •Five snRNPs (U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles) containing 5 snRNAs (U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 small nuclear RNAs, ranging from 107 to 210 nucleotides) and their associated proteins (6-10 per snRNP) assemble on the pre-mR ...
... Model of spliceosome-mediated splicing of pre-mRNA •Five snRNPs (U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles) containing 5 snRNAs (U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 small nuclear RNAs, ranging from 107 to 210 nucleotides) and their associated proteins (6-10 per snRNP) assemble on the pre-mR ...
Histone Modifications Associated with Heterochromatin and
... su(Hw) blocks the process that brings enhancer and promoter together ...
... su(Hw) blocks the process that brings enhancer and promoter together ...
GENE MUTATIONS - The Open Door Web Site : Home Page
... Their effects may not be serious unless they affect an amino acid that is essential for the structure and function of the finished protein molecule (e.g. sickle cell anaemia) © 2010 Paul Billiet ODWS ...
... Their effects may not be serious unless they affect an amino acid that is essential for the structure and function of the finished protein molecule (e.g. sickle cell anaemia) © 2010 Paul Billiet ODWS ...
560k ppt - UCLA.edu
... •The nuclear cap binding protein. •PABPII bound to the polyA tail. •Proteins retained at spliced exon junctions following RNA splicing that form exon-junction complexes. Thus, mRNP export depends on the additive effects of multiple weak protein-RNA and protein-protein interactions that bind to mRNAs ...
... •The nuclear cap binding protein. •PABPII bound to the polyA tail. •Proteins retained at spliced exon junctions following RNA splicing that form exon-junction complexes. Thus, mRNP export depends on the additive effects of multiple weak protein-RNA and protein-protein interactions that bind to mRNAs ...
Treatment of lactose intolerance via β-galactosidase - Blogs at H-SC
... The region of these SNPs acts as a cis element that can silence or enhance activation of the LCT promoter (Olds, LC. and Sibley, E. 2003). The gene encodes the 1924 amino acid protein lactase, also called β-Galactosidase. Lactase is an integral plasma membrane protein expressed by epithelial cell ...
... The region of these SNPs acts as a cis element that can silence or enhance activation of the LCT promoter (Olds, LC. and Sibley, E. 2003). The gene encodes the 1924 amino acid protein lactase, also called β-Galactosidase. Lactase is an integral plasma membrane protein expressed by epithelial cell ...
Lecture 2
... DNA comes in a double helix A single string of DNA without the complement is also called DNA strand The bases A, C, G, T are connected via a backbone molecule consisting of 5 carbon atoms labelled 1', ...
... DNA comes in a double helix A single string of DNA without the complement is also called DNA strand The bases A, C, G, T are connected via a backbone molecule consisting of 5 carbon atoms labelled 1', ...
GeneCensus - Gerstein Lab Publications
... We obtained raw absolute flux values for three organisms (S. cerevisiae, B. subtilis, E. coli) (18-20) (These are reported as “absolute” fluxes on the website). For two organisms (H. influenzaee and H. pylori), we calculated theoretical relative flux values using stoichiometric analysis. We describ ...
... We obtained raw absolute flux values for three organisms (S. cerevisiae, B. subtilis, E. coli) (18-20) (These are reported as “absolute” fluxes on the website). For two organisms (H. influenzaee and H. pylori), we calculated theoretical relative flux values using stoichiometric analysis. We describ ...
PPT - Bruce Blumberg
... • affinity purify antibody with phage fusion protein – western with original protein – advantages • best choice if only antibody is available – disadvantages • λgt11 and relatives are painful to work with • your antibody may not be suitable – sugar directed – structural epitope BioSci 203 blumberg l ...
... • affinity purify antibody with phage fusion protein – western with original protein – advantages • best choice if only antibody is available – disadvantages • λgt11 and relatives are painful to work with • your antibody may not be suitable – sugar directed – structural epitope BioSci 203 blumberg l ...
Positive Strand RNA Viruses
... Adsorption and penetration • A viral protein recognizes a receptor on the host cell membrane (this is important in the tropism of virus). It seems that binding to the receptor alters capsid structure in some way, a channel forms across the cell membrane and the RNA is released into cytoplasm. The m ...
... Adsorption and penetration • A viral protein recognizes a receptor on the host cell membrane (this is important in the tropism of virus). It seems that binding to the receptor alters capsid structure in some way, a channel forms across the cell membrane and the RNA is released into cytoplasm. The m ...
Class Notes
... Later research demonstrated that many proteins are composed of several polypeptides, each of which has its own gene. ...
... Later research demonstrated that many proteins are composed of several polypeptides, each of which has its own gene. ...
Structure of Tryptophan
... therefore that the optimization problem is strictly linear, even though S-system models themselves are nonlinear and rich enough to model virtually any set of differentiable functions or differential equations. To construct the S-system model for a target pathway, mass balance equations and kinetic ...
... therefore that the optimization problem is strictly linear, even though S-system models themselves are nonlinear and rich enough to model virtually any set of differentiable functions or differential equations. To construct the S-system model for a target pathway, mass balance equations and kinetic ...
CHAPTER 17 FROM GENE TO PROTEIN
... Later research demonstrated that many proteins are composed of several polypeptides, each of which has its own gene. ...
... Later research demonstrated that many proteins are composed of several polypeptides, each of which has its own gene. ...
A Research Strategy to Understand the Mechanisms that Govern
... of the transposon, a footprint comprising a small number of nucleotides often remains in the gene sequence as evidence of the previous presence of a transposon. Both insertion and excision of transposons with a remaining footprint deactivate the target gene. The formation of double-stranded RNA is a ...
... of the transposon, a footprint comprising a small number of nucleotides often remains in the gene sequence as evidence of the previous presence of a transposon. Both insertion and excision of transposons with a remaining footprint deactivate the target gene. The formation of double-stranded RNA is a ...
p53
... the number of copies of oncogene inside the cell • point mutation in a proto-oncogene that change the gene’s protein product to a more active or more resistant to degradation than the normal ...
... the number of copies of oncogene inside the cell • point mutation in a proto-oncogene that change the gene’s protein product to a more active or more resistant to degradation than the normal ...
tryptophan operon - Biology Notes Help
... EXPRESSION OF THE TRP OPERON IN THE ABSENCE OF TRYPTOPHAN Under severe tryptophan starvation trp genes are expressed maximally and controlled by attenuation. This is accomplished by a mechanism that controls the ...
... EXPRESSION OF THE TRP OPERON IN THE ABSENCE OF TRYPTOPHAN Under severe tryptophan starvation trp genes are expressed maximally and controlled by attenuation. This is accomplished by a mechanism that controls the ...
Methyl Tetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR)
... MTHFR is a common genetic defect said to be present in up to 40% of the population. The result is what is known as a methylation defect which can cause reduced liver function (for example, from 50 -70% of what is normal for you) and many other problems which can dramatically affect your health. Ther ...
... MTHFR is a common genetic defect said to be present in up to 40% of the population. The result is what is known as a methylation defect which can cause reduced liver function (for example, from 50 -70% of what is normal for you) and many other problems which can dramatically affect your health. Ther ...
Computational Biology
... For each E. coli protein, a profile is constructed, indicating which genomes code for homologs of the protein. We next cluster the profiles to determine which proteins share the same profiles. Proteins with identical (or ...
... For each E. coli protein, a profile is constructed, indicating which genomes code for homologs of the protein. We next cluster the profiles to determine which proteins share the same profiles. Proteins with identical (or ...
Convolutional LSTM Networks for Subcellular Localization of Proteins
... An LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) cell LSTM networks • are easier to train than other types of recurrent neural networks • can process very long time lags of unknown size between important events • are used in speech recognition, handwriting recognition, and machine translation ...
... An LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) cell LSTM networks • are easier to train than other types of recurrent neural networks • can process very long time lags of unknown size between important events • are used in speech recognition, handwriting recognition, and machine translation ...
Molecular genetics of nucleotide sugar interconversion pathways in
... most of the putative proteins are predicted to be soluble, others contain N-terminal extensions encompassing a transmembrane domain. This suggests that some nucleotide sugar interconversion enzymes are targeted to an endomembrane system, such as the Golgi apparatus, where they may co-localize with g ...
... most of the putative proteins are predicted to be soluble, others contain N-terminal extensions encompassing a transmembrane domain. This suggests that some nucleotide sugar interconversion enzymes are targeted to an endomembrane system, such as the Golgi apparatus, where they may co-localize with g ...
2008 exam 3
... make a collection of oligo probes for this section of the gene, how many different probes would you have to make to be sure that one of the oligos in the collection will hybridize to the DNA? ___________ (These oligo probes are a bit short, to keep part B manageable, but assume the probes are long e ...
... make a collection of oligo probes for this section of the gene, how many different probes would you have to make to be sure that one of the oligos in the collection will hybridize to the DNA? ___________ (These oligo probes are a bit short, to keep part B manageable, but assume the probes are long e ...
Effect of Flik mutation on the transcriptional activity
... • σ80, σ54, σ28 control the transcription of flagellar genes • There are three classes (stages) of regulation – Class I: σ80 transcription of the early flagellar genes – Class II: RpoN regulation of the middle flagellar structural genes. (fliK encodes hook-length-control pro) ...
... • σ80, σ54, σ28 control the transcription of flagellar genes • There are three classes (stages) of regulation – Class I: σ80 transcription of the early flagellar genes – Class II: RpoN regulation of the middle flagellar structural genes. (fliK encodes hook-length-control pro) ...
A Novel Activity for Fungal Nitronate Monooxygenase: Detoxification
... (P3N), the highly toxic conjugate base form of the plant metabolite 3-nitropropionate (3NPA) and provides compelling evidence that the physiological role of NMO is detoxification. Thus, the enzyme appears to play a similar role as propionate-3-nitronate oxidase from Penicillium atrovenetum (1) and m ...
... (P3N), the highly toxic conjugate base form of the plant metabolite 3-nitropropionate (3NPA) and provides compelling evidence that the physiological role of NMO is detoxification. Thus, the enzyme appears to play a similar role as propionate-3-nitronate oxidase from Penicillium atrovenetum (1) and m ...
PathogenBioinformatics
... This table lists proteins upstream and downstream of the target protein LLO. Each protein is labeled with its function and location on the strain (beginning and ending base pair numbers). In the right-most column labeled “Aliases” are links to other bioinformatics sites. Notice the column heading "f ...
... This table lists proteins upstream and downstream of the target protein LLO. Each protein is labeled with its function and location on the strain (beginning and ending base pair numbers). In the right-most column labeled “Aliases” are links to other bioinformatics sites. Notice the column heading "f ...
Gene regulatory network
A gene regulatory network or genetic regulatory network (GRN) is a collection of regulators thatinteract with each other and with other substances in the cell to govern the gene expression levels of mRNA and proteins.The regulator can be DNA, RNA, protein and their complex. The interaction can be direct or indirect (through their transcribed RNA or translated protein).In general, each mRNA molecule goes on to make a specific protein (or set of proteins). In some cases this protein will be structural, and will accumulate at the cell membrane or within the cell to give it particular structural properties. In other cases the protein will be an enzyme, i.e., a micro-machine that catalyses a certain reaction, such as the breakdown of a food source or toxin. Some proteins though serve only to activate other genes, and these are the transcription factors that are the main players in regulatory networks or cascades. By binding to the promoter region at the start of other genes they turn them on, initiating the production of another protein, and so on. Some transcription factors are inhibitory.In single-celled organisms, regulatory networks respond to the external environment, optimising the cell at a given time for survival in this environment. Thus a yeast cell, finding itself in a sugar solution, will turn on genes to make enzymes that process the sugar to alcohol. This process, which we associate with wine-making, is how the yeast cell makes its living, gaining energy to multiply, which under normal circumstances would enhance its survival prospects.In multicellular animals the same principle has been put in the service of gene cascades that control body-shape. Each time a cell divides, two cells result which, although they contain the same genome in full, can differ in which genes are turned on and making proteins. Sometimes a 'self-sustaining feedback loop' ensures that a cell maintains its identity and passes it on. Less understood is the mechanism of epigenetics by which chromatin modification may provide cellular memory by blocking or allowing transcription. A major feature of multicellular animals is the use of morphogen gradients, which in effect provide a positioning system that tells a cell where in the body it is, and hence what sort of cell to become. A gene that is turned on in one cell may make a product that leaves the cell and diffuses through adjacent cells, entering them and turning on genes only when it is present above a certain threshold level. These cells are thus induced into a new fate, and may even generate other morphogens that signal back to the original cell. Over longer distances morphogens may use the active process of signal transduction. Such signalling controls embryogenesis, the building of a body plan from scratch through a series of sequential steps. They also control and maintain adult bodies through feedback processes, and the loss of such feedback because of a mutation can be responsible for the cell proliferation that is seen in cancer. In parallel with this process of building structure, the gene cascade turns on genes that make structural proteins that give each cell the physical properties it needs.It has been suggested that, because biological molecular interactions are intrinsically stochastic, gene networks are the result of cellular processes and not their cause (i.e. cellular Darwinism). However, recent experimental evidence has favored the attractor view of cell fates.