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List of topics - bio.utexas.edu
List of topics - bio.utexas.edu

... Steps in the import of proteins from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix. The TOM complex first transports the signal sequence across the outer membrane to the intermembrane space, where it binds to a TIM complex, opening the channel in the complex. The polypeptide chain then either enters the m ...
Screening Applications
Screening Applications

... an important parameter when evaluating the potential potency of the lead compound. There is no need for cellular uptake to evaluate the effect of the compounds. While uptake evaluation is important for determining the eventual efficacy of the drug, it can unnecessarily eliminate valuable lead compoun ...
Whey Protein Concentrate
Whey Protein Concentrate

... wisely? Casein is digested slowly and releases amino acids into the blood gradually, with levels elevated even three hours later. Researchers found that casein did not effect protein synthesis much (anabolism, as in muscle building), but dramatically decreased protein breakdown (catabolism, as in mu ...
Glutamate synthase and nitrogen
Glutamate synthase and nitrogen

... Genetic engineering techniques have recently been used to genof its cofactor, ferredoxin, and the plastid location of the Fd- erate transgenic tobacco plants that express an Fd-GOGAT cDNA GOGAT genes in red algae. Similarly, both rice and alfalfa4 fragment in the antisense orientation under the cont ...
MB207_12 - MB207Jan2010
MB207_12 - MB207Jan2010

... • In most cells, Golgi apparatus is located close to the nucleus whereas the network of ER tubules extends from the nucleus throughout the entire cytosol. • The localization of both ER and Golgi apparatus depends on an intact microtubule array. ...
A candidate gene marker for bloat susceptibility in cattle?
A candidate gene marker for bloat susceptibility in cattle?

... salivary glands. It follows then that the variation between animals could well be due to differences in the extent of bSP30 gene expression. It may therefore be pertinent to investigate the control of bSP30 gene expression in order to understand the underlying cause for the variation. These analyses ...
FEMS Microbiology Letters
FEMS Microbiology Letters

... DEAE-Sephacel fractions were applied to a Sephadex G-100 column (2.6  90 cm), equilibrated, and eluted with buffer B. The fractions displaying enzymatic activity were collected, applied to a Sephadex G-100 column (2  75 cm), equilibrated with buffer B, and eluted with the same buffer. The fraction ...
Cloning Vectors A cloning vector is a DNA molecule that can carry
Cloning Vectors A cloning vector is a DNA molecule that can carry

... to carry only 1–20 kb. They can replicate as plasmids if they have a suitable origin of replication: for example SV40 ori in mammalian cells, ColE1 ori for double-stranded DNA replication or f1 ori for single-stranded DNA replication in prokaryotes. They frequently also contain a gene for selection ...
Uncommon amino acids, amino acids forming proteins
Uncommon amino acids, amino acids forming proteins

... of the amino acids starts at the N-terminal end ...
E. coli
E. coli

... Describe what is meant by invasiveness and the mechanisms and factors that affect invasiveness (adherence, penetration, avoidance of phagocytosis, ability to cause damage). ...
Identification of the Missing Links in Prokaryotic Pentose Oxidation
Identification of the Missing Links in Prokaryotic Pentose Oxidation

... as a sole carbon and energy source. At present, three main catabolic pathways have been described for pentoses. The first is present in Bacteria and uses isomerases, kinases, and epimerases to convert D- and L-arabinose (Ara) and D-xylose (Xyl) into D-xylulose 5-phosphate (Fig. 1A), which is further ...
interpreted as a demonstration of a biologically significant protein
interpreted as a demonstration of a biologically significant protein

... the protein from the reagents by passing the reaction mixture over a 10ml column of Sephadex G-25. The column is disposed of as radioactive waste at the end of the procedure. The column is initially prepared in the cold room and the buffer is kept on ice, but just before use it is brought into the f ...
1 Enzyme
1 Enzyme

... enzyme hypothesis was confirmed. Though there has been some evolution in the concept; we now know for example that sometimes it takes two or more gene products to make one functional enzyme, the concept that a gene somehow codes for a specific protein By the way, almost all the known biochemical pat ...
proteins - Chavis Biology
proteins - Chavis Biology

... The amino acid sequence is coded for by DNA and is unique for each kind of protein ...
pGLO Transformation and Green Fluorescent Protein - Bio-Rad
pGLO Transformation and Green Fluorescent Protein - Bio-Rad

... • Uptake of foreign DNA, often a circular plasmid ...
pGLO Transformation and Purification of Green
pGLO Transformation and Purification of Green

... • Uptake of foreign DNA, often a circular plasmid ...
C H E M I S T R Y
C H E M I S T R Y

... Control of Gene Expression When the inducer (lactose) binds to the repressor protein, it changes shape and falls off the operator region. Now RNA polymerase can pass and transcribe the genes into mRNA. ...
PROTEINS - ssag.sk
PROTEINS - ssag.sk

... The amino acid sequence is coded for by DNA and is unique for each kind of protein ...
The exocyst – the tethering complex for localized exocytosis
The exocyst – the tethering complex for localized exocytosis

... Published data and our own searches of genome sequences from various eukaryotes indicate that individual exocyst subunits are encoded by single-copy genes in most organisms. In angiosperms, the situation is strikingly different. For instance, in Arabidopsis, only the Sec6, Sec8 and Sec10 subunits ar ...
Supporting Online Material for
Supporting Online Material for

... For co-immunoprecipitation studies, antibodies against the FLAG, V5 or c-myc epitopes were used to precipitate proteins in the presence of 20μl protein A/G beads (Santa Cruz) overnight at 4ºC. Protein complexes were washed four times in either lysis or RIPA buffer, incubated at 95ºC for 5 minutes a ...
Chapter 21
Chapter 21

... the number of possible combinations is 20 x 20 x 20 x 20 x 20 x 20 = 64,000,000 (and this is not nearly large enough to be a protein!) ...
EF-Tu PROTEIN DOMAINS
EF-Tu PROTEIN DOMAINS

... as it plays a key role in protein biosynthesis. It is a model, multifunctional GTP-protein. This protein is also in the centre of interest as a possible target for new antibiotics. Moreover, the high homology in structure and function makes EF-Tu proteins suitable for the studies of evolutionary rel ...
Developing a Novel Means of Observing the
Developing a Novel Means of Observing the

... can be induced to emit a similar green light that are identical in spectral properties. The first, natural mechanism, the Förster-type, occurs through a radiation-less energy transfer when the excitation energy is transferred from the donor molecule to the acceptor without the emission of a photon. ...
5. CH 5 PPT The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
5. CH 5 PPT The Structure and Function of Macromolecules

... between —OH groups (not shown) attached to ...
Document
Document

... • Knowledge-based methods: homology modeling fold recognition / threading ...
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Expression vector

An expression vector, otherwise known as an expression construct, is usually a plasmid or virus designed for protein expression in cells. The vector is used to introduce a specific gene into a target cell, and can commandeer the cell's mechanism for protein synthesis to produce the protein encoded by the gene. Expression vectors are the basic tools in biotechnology for the production of proteins.The plasmid is engineered to contain regulatory sequences that act as enhancer and promoter regions and lead to efficient transcription of the gene carried on the expression vector. The goal of a well-designed expression vector is the production of protein, and this may be achieve by the production of significant amount of stable messenger RNA, which can then be translated into protein. The protein may be expressed constitutively, or induced when necessary using an inducer. Escherichia coli is commonly used as the host for protein expression, other cell types however may also be used. An example of the use of expression vector is the production of insulin which is used for medical treatments of diabetes.
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