The Major Component of the Paraflagellar Rod of Trypanosoma
... similarity to the intermediate filament proteins (solubility properties, amino acid composition, and high degree of helicity), the PFR protein does not belong in this class of cytoskeletal proteins. The PFR protein is coded for by two tandemly linked genes of identical nucleotide sequence. Both gene ...
... similarity to the intermediate filament proteins (solubility properties, amino acid composition, and high degree of helicity), the PFR protein does not belong in this class of cytoskeletal proteins. The PFR protein is coded for by two tandemly linked genes of identical nucleotide sequence. Both gene ...
Transcription factor Sp3 is silenced through - IMT
... proteins. However, previously we did not observe such high molecular weight species in immunoblots with antiSp3 antibodies. Since hydrolases exist that can readily cleave the isopeptide bond between the C-terminus of SUMO and the lysine residue of target proteins, it might be dif®cult to detect SUMO ...
... proteins. However, previously we did not observe such high molecular weight species in immunoblots with antiSp3 antibodies. Since hydrolases exist that can readily cleave the isopeptide bond between the C-terminus of SUMO and the lysine residue of target proteins, it might be dif®cult to detect SUMO ...
Electron Transport Chains of Lactic Acid Bacteria
... processes, at the cost of ATP. In particular the ability of the ATPase to efficiently export protons is an important system to maintain intracellular pH-homeostasis (32). Branched ETC of Escherichia coli Aerobic respiration is a complex process in which a great number of electron donors and electron ...
... processes, at the cost of ATP. In particular the ability of the ATPase to efficiently export protons is an important system to maintain intracellular pH-homeostasis (32). Branched ETC of Escherichia coli Aerobic respiration is a complex process in which a great number of electron donors and electron ...
Identification and characterization of novel interaction
... In Gram-positiven Bakterien mit niedrigem GC-Gehalt, wie Bacillus subtilis, wird KohlenstoffKatabolitenregulation überwiegend vom Katabolit Kontroll Protein A (CcpA), einem globalen Transkriptionsregulator, vermittelt. CcpA reprimiert oder aktiviert die Expression von hunderten von ...
... In Gram-positiven Bakterien mit niedrigem GC-Gehalt, wie Bacillus subtilis, wird KohlenstoffKatabolitenregulation überwiegend vom Katabolit Kontroll Protein A (CcpA), einem globalen Transkriptionsregulator, vermittelt. CcpA reprimiert oder aktiviert die Expression von hunderten von ...
Microsoft Word
... immunodominant regions A and B on the TPO molecule (reviewed in Ref. 2). Early studies used proteolytic peptides generated by enzymatic hydrolysis of TPO [11], chimeras with myeloperoxidase regions swapped with the corresponding TPO regions [12, 13], and competition for TPO binding between mAbs or r ...
... immunodominant regions A and B on the TPO molecule (reviewed in Ref. 2). Early studies used proteolytic peptides generated by enzymatic hydrolysis of TPO [11], chimeras with myeloperoxidase regions swapped with the corresponding TPO regions [12, 13], and competition for TPO binding between mAbs or r ...
The uterine tubal fluid: secretion, composition and biological effects
... tubal fluid of cows, ewes, pigs, rabbits, and mice. Glycine was found in the highest concentrations in all the species studied, but levels of free amino acids varied across species and also during the estrous cycle. Protein concentration in the fluid is approximately 10-15% of that in serum. Albumin ...
... tubal fluid of cows, ewes, pigs, rabbits, and mice. Glycine was found in the highest concentrations in all the species studied, but levels of free amino acids varied across species and also during the estrous cycle. Protein concentration in the fluid is approximately 10-15% of that in serum. Albumin ...
... inserted into the membrane of the infected RBC (IRBC) and is thought to be an immune evasion strategy, possibly evolved to avoid splenic clearance. The best-characterised VSA are encoded by the var genes. This gene family, encompassing about 60 members per genome, encodes the variant protein P. falc ...
Glucosamine-Induced Insulin Resistance in Primary Rat
... 142g/day (Felig, Marliss et al. 1969; Gottstein 1979). The second reason for regulating glucose concentration is that glucose is toxic. The amount of glucose in the bloodstream is tightly regulated by actions of insulin and glucagon during fed and fasting states (Flakoll PJ 2000). Insulin, a hormon ...
... 142g/day (Felig, Marliss et al. 1969; Gottstein 1979). The second reason for regulating glucose concentration is that glucose is toxic. The amount of glucose in the bloodstream is tightly regulated by actions of insulin and glucagon during fed and fasting states (Flakoll PJ 2000). Insulin, a hormon ...
- Wiley Online Library
... which is provided by nitrate reduction or by ammonia oxidation in biological habitats (Fig. 1). Reduction of nitrite can be regarded as an assimilatory, respiratory or dissimilatory process [1]. Assimilatory nitrite reduction serves in the production of ammonia which is incorporated into cell materi ...
... which is provided by nitrate reduction or by ammonia oxidation in biological habitats (Fig. 1). Reduction of nitrite can be regarded as an assimilatory, respiratory or dissimilatory process [1]. Assimilatory nitrite reduction serves in the production of ammonia which is incorporated into cell materi ...
Major players on the microbial stage: why archaea
... fusion event with a bacterium, with the archaeal endosymbiont later developing into a nucleus, although the archaeal and bacterial partners in the event have varied (Forterre, 2010). Most recently, the archaeal partner has been suggested to be a member of the Thaumarchaeota, since these organisms po ...
... fusion event with a bacterium, with the archaeal endosymbiont later developing into a nucleus, although the archaeal and bacterial partners in the event have varied (Forterre, 2010). Most recently, the archaeal partner has been suggested to be a member of the Thaumarchaeota, since these organisms po ...
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a metabolic regulator of
... the low millimolar range. This corresponds with the total intracellular concentrations reported in the literature [23,34,35,36]. A recent study challenges the physiological relevance of this redox regulation since the effective concentrations (i.e. in the millimolar range) are much higher (about 100 ...
... the low millimolar range. This corresponds with the total intracellular concentrations reported in the literature [23,34,35,36]. A recent study challenges the physiological relevance of this redox regulation since the effective concentrations (i.e. in the millimolar range) are much higher (about 100 ...
- Synthesis Bikaner
... (2) condensation nuclear membrane disassembly crossing over segregation telophase (3) condensation nuclear membrane disassembly arrangement at equator centromere division segregation telophase (4) condensation crossing over nuclear membrane disassembly segregation telophase ...
... (2) condensation nuclear membrane disassembly crossing over segregation telophase (3) condensation nuclear membrane disassembly arrangement at equator centromere division segregation telophase (4) condensation crossing over nuclear membrane disassembly segregation telophase ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
... sensitivities to a pathologic defect of the OXPHOS system. An in-depth discussion of the different types of ‘‘threshold effects,’’ as well as their molecular bases and the roles that they play in the presentation of mitochondrial diseases, can be found elsewhere (206, 224). Comparison of rat heart, ...
... sensitivities to a pathologic defect of the OXPHOS system. An in-depth discussion of the different types of ‘‘threshold effects,’’ as well as their molecular bases and the roles that they play in the presentation of mitochondrial diseases, can be found elsewhere (206, 224). Comparison of rat heart, ...
The C-terminal domain of the Rhizobium leguminosarum
... (XP) to detect alkaline phosphatase activity. Five transconjugants that gave rise to dark blue colonies only when hesperetin was present were studied further. The transposon insertions were mapped with EcoRI, BamHI and HindIII and found to be at different locations within nodC. The five plasmids fro ...
... (XP) to detect alkaline phosphatase activity. Five transconjugants that gave rise to dark blue colonies only when hesperetin was present were studied further. The transposon insertions were mapped with EcoRI, BamHI and HindIII and found to be at different locations within nodC. The five plasmids fro ...
Supplementary materials - Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
... Importantly, the candidate genetic regulators for Geronemo consist of both continuousvalued e-regulators and discrete-valued g-regulators. The continuous-valued candidate regulators have more possible split values than the discrete-valued ones; therefore it is possible that e-regulators can be captu ...
... Importantly, the candidate genetic regulators for Geronemo consist of both continuousvalued e-regulators and discrete-valued g-regulators. The continuous-valued candidate regulators have more possible split values than the discrete-valued ones; therefore it is possible that e-regulators can be captu ...
Engineering Cytosolic Acetyl-CoA Metabolism in
... A Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain carrying deletions in all three pyruvate decarboxylase genes (also called Pdc negative yeast) represents a non-ethanol producing platform strain for biochemical production. However, it cannot grow on glucose as the sole carbon source due to the lack of cytosolic ace ...
... A Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain carrying deletions in all three pyruvate decarboxylase genes (also called Pdc negative yeast) represents a non-ethanol producing platform strain for biochemical production. However, it cannot grow on glucose as the sole carbon source due to the lack of cytosolic ace ...
THE MULTIFARIOUS AND DYNAMIC REGULATION OF THE LIVING CELL Karen van Eunen
... 1.2.1 Mechanisms of flux regulation The flux through a pathway or an enzyme can be changed by many different regulatory mechanisms. Speaking in the terms introduced above, many buttons are available in the cell. In this section I will describe the various levels of regulation briefly. The regulatory ...
... 1.2.1 Mechanisms of flux regulation The flux through a pathway or an enzyme can be changed by many different regulatory mechanisms. Speaking in the terms introduced above, many buttons are available in the cell. In this section I will describe the various levels of regulation briefly. The regulatory ...
Myr 8, A Novel Unconventional Myosin Expressed during Brain
... Directed neuronal, astroglial, and oligodendroglial cell migrations comprise a prominent feature of mammalian brain development. Because molecular motor proteins have been implicated in a wide spectrum of processes associated with cell motility, we initiated studies to define the pool of myosins in ...
... Directed neuronal, astroglial, and oligodendroglial cell migrations comprise a prominent feature of mammalian brain development. Because molecular motor proteins have been implicated in a wide spectrum of processes associated with cell motility, we initiated studies to define the pool of myosins in ...
General principles of cellular organization in the genome
... soluble protein complexes, of which the majority are novel. About a third of the heteromultimeric complexes show higher levels of proteome organization, including assembly into larger, multi-protein complex entities, suggesting sequential steps in biological processes, and extensive sharing of compo ...
... soluble protein complexes, of which the majority are novel. About a third of the heteromultimeric complexes show higher levels of proteome organization, including assembly into larger, multi-protein complex entities, suggesting sequential steps in biological processes, and extensive sharing of compo ...
The Endogenous Citric Acid-Cycle Intermediates and Amino Acids
... Microid flask shaker (Griffin and George Ltd.) operated at that the resin was completely susmaximum speed pended in the extract. After shaking, the resin suspension was centrifuged at 2000g for 5 min. and the supernatant fluid discarded. The resin was suspended in water, transferred to a sintered-gl ...
... Microid flask shaker (Griffin and George Ltd.) operated at that the resin was completely susmaximum speed pended in the extract. After shaking, the resin suspension was centrifuged at 2000g for 5 min. and the supernatant fluid discarded. The resin was suspended in water, transferred to a sintered-gl ...
Engineering the pentose phosphate pathway of
... The baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a long tradition in alcohol production from D-glucose of e.g. starch. However, without genetic modifications it is unable to utilise the 5-carbon sugars D-xylose and L-arabinose present in plant biomass. In this study, one key metabolic step of the cata ...
... The baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a long tradition in alcohol production from D-glucose of e.g. starch. However, without genetic modifications it is unable to utilise the 5-carbon sugars D-xylose and L-arabinose present in plant biomass. In this study, one key metabolic step of the cata ...
Bacterial methionine biosynthesis
... the specificity-determining position, suggesting that they are O-acetyltransferases. Only 20 % of the enzymes are predicted to be O-succinyltransferases (with glycine instead of glutamate), while the remainder have neither glutamate nor glycine at the specificity-determining position. Furthermore, t ...
... the specificity-determining position, suggesting that they are O-acetyltransferases. Only 20 % of the enzymes are predicted to be O-succinyltransferases (with glycine instead of glutamate), while the remainder have neither glutamate nor glycine at the specificity-determining position. Furthermore, t ...
Organization and Integration of Large-scale Datasets for
... basis for in silico growth simulations of wall-less bacteria. Unraveling the principles governing energy metabolism and adaptive capabilities upon gene deletion facilitates the development of engineering tools and dynamic models for metabolic sub-systems. Our results highlight the impact of the redu ...
... basis for in silico growth simulations of wall-less bacteria. Unraveling the principles governing energy metabolism and adaptive capabilities upon gene deletion facilitates the development of engineering tools and dynamic models for metabolic sub-systems. Our results highlight the impact of the redu ...
Organization and Integration of Large
... basis for in silico growth simulations of wall-less bacteria. Unraveling the principles governing energy metabolism and adaptive capabilities upon gene deletion facilitates the development of engineering tools and dynamic models for metabolic sub-systems. Our results highlight the impact of the redu ...
... basis for in silico growth simulations of wall-less bacteria. Unraveling the principles governing energy metabolism and adaptive capabilities upon gene deletion facilitates the development of engineering tools and dynamic models for metabolic sub-systems. Our results highlight the impact of the redu ...
Endogenous retrovirus
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. They are abundant in the genomes of jawed vertebrates, and they comprise up to 5–8% of the human genome (lower estimates of ~1%). ERVs are a subclass of a type of gene called a transposon, which can be packaged and moved within the genome to serve a vital role in gene expression and in regulation. Researchers have suggested that retroviruses evolved from a type of transposable gene called a retrotransposon, which includes ERVs; these genes can mutate and instead of moving to another location in the genome they can become exogenous or pathogenic. This means that all ERVs may not have originated as an insertion by a retrovirus but that some may have been the source for the genetic information in the retroviruses they resemble.