measurements of electrical quantities
... are steady in time. A label dc (Direct Current) is usually used for such quantities, and capital letters are used for symbols, e.g., Vdc . If the quantities vary in time, the label ac (Alternating Current) is usually used, e.g., Vac . Shape and repetition frequency of variations can be almost any. A ...
... are steady in time. A label dc (Direct Current) is usually used for such quantities, and capital letters are used for symbols, e.g., Vdc . If the quantities vary in time, the label ac (Alternating Current) is usually used, e.g., Vac . Shape and repetition frequency of variations can be almost any. A ...
Voltage Stability with Mechanically Switched Capacitors - KIT
... 300 Mvar. In order to have a grading, the total capacitance is split into three particular parts with the same ratings. A transformer is used to connect the capacitors to the h.v. system. The low voltage side of the transformer is set to 36 kV, which is the rated voltage of the used VCBs. Two types ...
... 300 Mvar. In order to have a grading, the total capacitance is split into three particular parts with the same ratings. A transformer is used to connect the capacitors to the h.v. system. The low voltage side of the transformer is set to 36 kV, which is the rated voltage of the used VCBs. Two types ...
E4400A Analog RF Signal Generator, 250 kHz to 1000 MHz
... Simultaneous Modulation All modulation types may be simultaneously enabled, except: FM with PM, AM with Burst. AM, FM, and PM can sum simultaneous inputs from any two sources (INT,EXT1, and EXT2.) Any given source (INT, EXT1, or EXT2) may only be routed to one activated modulation type. Remote Progr ...
... Simultaneous Modulation All modulation types may be simultaneously enabled, except: FM with PM, AM with Burst. AM, FM, and PM can sum simultaneous inputs from any two sources (INT,EXT1, and EXT2.) Any given source (INT, EXT1, or EXT2) may only be routed to one activated modulation type. Remote Progr ...
Voltage Multipliers.pdf
... Voltage multipliers may also be used as primary power supplies where a 177 volt-ac input is rectified to pulsating dc. This dc output voltage may be increased (through use of a voltage multiplier) to as much as 1000 volts dc. This voltage is generally used as the plate or screen grid voltage for ele ...
... Voltage multipliers may also be used as primary power supplies where a 177 volt-ac input is rectified to pulsating dc. This dc output voltage may be increased (through use of a voltage multiplier) to as much as 1000 volts dc. This voltage is generally used as the plate or screen grid voltage for ele ...
Word
... connection between buses i and k. 3. The off-diagonal elements are the negative of the admittances connecting buses i and j, i.e., Yij=-yji. These observations enable us to formulate the admittance matrix very quickly from the network based on visual inspection. We write down the Y-bus for the netwo ...
... connection between buses i and k. 3. The off-diagonal elements are the negative of the admittances connecting buses i and j, i.e., Yij=-yji. These observations enable us to formulate the admittance matrix very quickly from the network based on visual inspection. We write down the Y-bus for the netwo ...
An EMTP – RV Based Analysis of the Line Surge Arrester
... insulation level, installation of additional ground wires, etc. Line surge arresters (LSA) are mainly used for line lightning performance improvement. LSA may fail in service if it is not correctly selected. In the selection of the line surge arrester for the line lightning performance improvement i ...
... insulation level, installation of additional ground wires, etc. Line surge arresters (LSA) are mainly used for line lightning performance improvement. LSA may fail in service if it is not correctly selected. In the selection of the line surge arrester for the line lightning performance improvement i ...
8.2 Offsite Power System 8.2.1 Description
... to the dynamic effects of missiles that may result from equipment failures during normal operation, maintenance, testing and postulated accidents. ...
... to the dynamic effects of missiles that may result from equipment failures during normal operation, maintenance, testing and postulated accidents. ...
chapter 14
... This circuit has positive feedback and the output can be either +10 V or 10 V. Writing a current equation at the inverting input terminal of the op amp we have v x 2 v x vo ...
... This circuit has positive feedback and the output can be either +10 V or 10 V. Writing a current equation at the inverting input terminal of the op amp we have v x 2 v x vo ...
Chapter 5(cont)_NOISE
... For low M the combined thermal and amplifier noise term dominates and the total noise power is virtually unaffected when the signal level is increased, giving an improved SNR. However, when M is large, the thermal and amplifier noise term becomes insignificant and the SNR decreases with increasing M ...
... For low M the combined thermal and amplifier noise term dominates and the total noise power is virtually unaffected when the signal level is increased, giving an improved SNR. However, when M is large, the thermal and amplifier noise term becomes insignificant and the SNR decreases with increasing M ...
Standing wave ratio
In radio engineering and telecommunications, standing wave ratio (SWR) is a measure of impedance matching of loads to the characteristic impedance of a transmission line or waveguide. Impedance mismatches result in standing waves along the transmission line, and SWR is defined as the ratio of the partial standing wave's amplitude at an antinode (maximum) to the amplitude at a node (minimum) along the line.The SWR is usually thought of in terms of the maximum and minimum AC voltages along the transmission line, thus called the voltage standing wave ratio or VSWR (sometimes pronounced ""viswar""). For example, the VSWR value 1.2:1 denotes an AC voltage due to standing waves along the transmission line reaching a peak value 1.2 times that of the minimum AC voltage along that line. The SWR can as well be defined as the ratio of the maximum amplitude to minimum amplitude of the transmission line's currents, electric field strength, or the magnetic field strength. Neglecting transmission line loss, these ratios are identical.The power standing wave ratio (PSWR) is defined as the square of the VSWR, however this terminology has no physical relation to actual powers involved in transmission.The SWR can be measured with an instrument called an SWR meter. Since SWR is defined relative to the transmission line's characteristic impedance, the SWR meter must be constructed for that impedance; in practice most transmission lines used in these applications are coaxial cables with an impedance of either 50 or 75 ohms. Checking the SWR is a standard procedure in a radio station, for instance, to verify impedance matching of the antenna to the transmission line (and transmitter). Unlike connecting an impedance analyzer (or ""impedance bridge"") directly to the antenna (or other load), the SWR does not measure the actual impedance of the load, but quantifies the magnitude of the impedance mismatch just performing a measurement on the transmitter side of the transmission line.