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NB Honors_Pop & Speciation
NB Honors_Pop & Speciation

... Chap 16: Evolution of Populations Genetic drift may occur when a small group of individuals colonizes a new habitat These individuals may carry alleles in a different frequency than the parent population Population founded will be genetically different from parent population Cause is chance (that p ...
17.1 Genes and Variation Name: Biology Date: Period: Genetics
17.1 Genes and Variation Name: Biology Date: Period: Genetics

... Random mating must occur (i.e. individuals must pair by chance). The population must be large so that no genetic drift (random chance) can cause the allele frequencies to change. 5. No selection can occur so that certain alleles are not selected for, or against. Obviously, the Hardy-Weinberg equilib ...
Document
Document

Lesson 4 Traits and Heredity Notes
Lesson 4 Traits and Heredity Notes

... Web building in spiders is an instinct. ...
Chapter 2 - Cynthia Clarke
Chapter 2 - Cynthia Clarke

... • Thus, values can change when opposing views coexist within a community but more slowly than other aspects of culture. Norms are typical patterns of behavior, viewed by participants as the unwritten rules of everyday life. • They remain stable because people learn them from an early age and because ...
Let the meme be (a meme) - Historical and Investigative Research
Let the meme be (a meme) - Historical and Investigative Research

here - Quia
here - Quia

... Explain how probability laws can be applied to predicting outcomes of crosses. Apply the laws of probability to solve genetics problems. Identify, explain, and give examples of incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles, and polygenic traits. Explain how phenotypes of a polygenic trait (suc ...
p 2
p 2

Chapter 8
Chapter 8

... Polygenic Inheritance: when a number of different pairs of alleles at several loci are important for expression of a trait. Such traits are typically quantitative in nature, not qualitative. Quantitative Genetics: study of traits that show continuous variation and are due to the combined effects of ...
Lesson 1: How are traits inherited?
Lesson 1: How are traits inherited?

... 2. Slight differences in inherited traits among individuals in a population are called variations. 3. In the 1970s, scientists observed that the beak size of a group of finches changed as a result of changes in their food supply. 4. Natural selection is the process by which individuals with variatio ...
chapter 1
chapter 1

... comparing the customs of one society with those of others. B. People share both society and culture. 1. Society is organized life in groups, a feature that humans share with other animals. 2. Cultures are traditions and customs, transmitted through learning that govern the beliefs and behaviors of t ...
Globalization is notoriously difficult to define, but all commentators
Globalization is notoriously difficult to define, but all commentators

Natural selection, and variation through mutation
Natural selection, and variation through mutation

... http://www.evolution-of-life.com/en/observe/video/fiche/dar win-on-the-evolution-trail.html ...
Population Evolution
Population Evolution

... Recall that a gene for a particular character may have several alleles, or variants, that code for dierent traits associated with that character. For example, in the ABO blood type system in humans, three alleles determine the particular blood-type protein on the surface of red blood cells. Each in ...
Human Inheritance
Human Inheritance

... recessive allele and not have a dominant allele mask the trait. • Red-Green colorblindness is an example. • A Carrier is someone who has one recessive and one dominant allele. • A Carrier does not have the trait but can pass it to her offspring • Only females can be carriers of sex-linked traits bec ...
discuss-the-relative-roles-of-selection-and-drift-in
discuss-the-relative-roles-of-selection-and-drift-in

... Surprisingly in many cases the most beneficial mutations are unique to one population although parallel evolution also occurs. However, what is harder to prove is that this genetic divergence will lead to reproductive isolation. Despite the lack of evidence is it plausible that reproductive isolatio ...
Analysis of genetic systems using experimental evolution and whole
Analysis of genetic systems using experimental evolution and whole

... that adaptation had occurred was first applied to morphological traits [19], but it has been even more convincing in the world of molecules [4,14,20-25]. With their spartan genomes, RNA and DNA viruses were the first organisms for which individual genomes from replicate laboratory populations were f ...
Toward a new synthesis: population genetics and evolutionary
Toward a new synthesis: population genetics and evolutionary

... to predict long-term evolutionary change (Pigliucci & Schlichting, 1997). Ultimately, these predictive models should be grounded in a mechanistic understanding of how G-matrix components evolve. Recently, several researchers have led efforts to reduce the descriptive mathematics of quantitative gene ...
Chapter 6: Artificial Evolution
Chapter 6: Artificial Evolution

... may turn out to be only locally optimal. Holland (1975) proposed using a method in which an individual’s probability of being selected is proportional to its fitness. This is also called roulette wheel selection: Spin the roulette wheel and select the individual where it stops. The size of the segme ...
chapter17_part1 - Bethel Local Schools
chapter17_part1 - Bethel Local Schools

Evidence from the gnarly New Zealand snails for and against the red
Evidence from the gnarly New Zealand snails for and against the red

... 12. What is run-away sexual selection? How does it generate linkage disequilibrium and genetic correlations? How would you test for the existence of genetic correlations generated by sexual selection? Do you think the selection experiments on stalk-eyed flies showed the expected correlated response ...
One more funny wrinkle. . . Another example
One more funny wrinkle. . . Another example

... •  Drosophila larvae come in two behavioral types, rovers which tend to crawl long distances when feeding, and setters which tend to stay in one place as they feed •  This is governed by one gene with two alleles: forR and fors •  Work by Sokolowski et al. (1997) suggests that density-dependent se ...
Chapter 4 - A Science of Human Nature?
Chapter 4 - A Science of Human Nature?

... greeted enthusiastically by a number of cognitive scientists who through this unlikely route realised for the first time the power of Boas's and Sahlins's anti-evolutionist points. For example, the philosopher Daniel Dennett took up Dawkins's idea and developed it into a full theory of culture as a ...
Redalyc.An evolutionary frame of work to study physiological
Redalyc.An evolutionary frame of work to study physiological

... individuals with this phenotype are selected against in the course of many generations. In an evolutionary perspective, high cardiac outputs would therefore be maladaptive (i.e., decreasing overall fitness), and selection would favor those individuals able to provide enough O2 to the tissues without ...
Chapter 11: Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance
Chapter 11: Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

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Dual inheritance theory

Dual inheritance theory (DIT), also known as gene–culture coevolution or biocultural evolution, was developed in the 1960's through early 1980s to explain how human behavior is a product of two different and interacting evolutionary processes: genetic evolution and cultural evolution. In DIT, culture is defined as information and/or behavior acquired through social learning. One of the theory's central claims is that culture evolves partly through a Darwinian selection process, which dual inheritance theorists often describe by analogy to genetic evolution.'Culture', in this context is defined as 'socially learned behavior', and 'social learning' is defined as copying behaviors observed in others or acquiring behaviors through being taught by others. Most of the modeling done in the field relies on the first dynamic (copying) though it can be extended to teaching. Social learning at its simplest involves blind copying of behaviors from a model (someone observed behaving), though it is also understood to have many potential biases, including success bias (copying from those who are perceived to be better off), status bias (copying from those with higher status), homophily (copying from those most like ourselves), conformist bias (disproportionately picking up behaviors that more people are performing), etc.. Understanding social learning is a system of pattern replication, and understanding that there are different rates of survival for different socially learned cultural variants, this sets up, by definition, an evolutionary structure: Cultural Evolution.Because genetic evolution is relatively well understood, most of DIT examines cultural evolution and the interactions between cultural evolution and genetic evolution.
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