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Genetic Algorithm
Genetic Algorithm

... Rechenberg, Schwefel and Bienert at the Technical University of Berlin in the mid 1960’s ES’s use the following principles direct floating point representation of parameters apply mutation by changing these parameters according to normal probability distributions ...
The Economy of Nature 6/e
The Economy of Nature 6/e

... Genetic basis + influence by variations in the environment ...
The Major Transitions in Evolution
The Major Transitions in Evolution

EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY David G. Myers Nature, Nurture, and
EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY David G. Myers Nature, Nurture, and

... Children, like adults, attempt to fit into a group by conforming. Peers are influential in such areas as learning to cooperate with others, gaining popularity, and developing interactions. Cultural Influences Humans have the ability to evolve culture. Culture is composed of behaviors, ideas, attitud ...
NATURAL SELECTION
NATURAL SELECTION

... produce more offspring  Over time, the population will become more like the individuals with an adaptive advantage. ...
Jeopardy evol
Jeopardy evol

... It’s the incorrect law that states that the things you develop in your life can be passed on to your offspring. ...
Family Dynamics:
Family Dynamics:

...  A group of people related to each other  A group of individuals living under one roof and usually under one head  A group of persons of common ancestry  A group of people united by certain convictions or common affiliations: fellowship  The descendants or line of a particular individual especi ...
Mechanisms of Evolution
Mechanisms of Evolution

... extreme variations of a trait; resulting eventually in no intermediate form of the trait & leads to evolution of 2 new species For example, imagine a plant of extremely variable height that is pollinated by three different pollinators, one that was attracted to short plants, another that preferred p ...
Causes of Microevolution - Effingham County Schools
Causes of Microevolution - Effingham County Schools

... and build each new complex structure from scratch. Ex. Back problems in humans 2. Adaptations are often compromises – seals could walk on rocks easier with legs, but could not swim as fast ...
Chapter 11: The Evolution of Populations
Chapter 11: The Evolution of Populations

...  Directional selection  Stabilizing selection  Disruptive selection  All can lead to microevoluion: the observable change in allele frequencies of a population over time ...
16-2 Evolution as Genetic Change
16-2 Evolution as Genetic Change

... II. Natural Selection & Gene Pools A. Evolution never acts directly on genes. Why? 1. It is entire organisms that either live or die a. If an individual dies without reproducing, it does not contribute its alleles to the population’s gene pool. b. If an individual produces many offspring, its allele ...
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File

... • Unless acted on by an outside influence, genotype frequencies will stay the same. • If the next 5 items occur, there will be no genetic variation 1. No net mutations occur; alleles remain the same 2. Individuals neither enter or leave the population 3. The population is large; infinitely large ...
Genetic Drift
Genetic Drift

...  Lots of variation  Genetic drift is less powerful  What happens with a small population?  Genetic drift is very powerful  Loss of variation ...
Define the term principle Define the term observation What is a
Define the term principle Define the term observation What is a

... Define homology and homologous structures. Give an example of each. ...
For an overall summary of the Theory of Evolution
For an overall summary of the Theory of Evolution

... the parental genotypes, beyond that achieved by genetic recombination during meiosis. 3. Individuals with certain characteristics have a better chance of surviving and reproducing than individuals with other characteristics. a. NATURAL SELECTION: A NONRANDOM PROCESS IMPOSED BY THE ENVIRONMENT. 4. So ...
cultural lag cultural relativism
cultural lag cultural relativism

... The thesis of ‘‘cultural lag’’ formulated by the North American sociologist William F. Ogburn can be considered among the earliest sociological attempts to explain social change from social-cultural premises and not psycho-biological ones. Indeed, social change is one of the most important theoretic ...
cultural-anthropology-13th-edition-ember-test-bank
cultural-anthropology-13th-edition-ember-test-bank

... d. cultural pattern 27. The frequency distribution of behavior patterns in a group very often takes the form of a. a bell-shaped curve. b. a straight line graph. c. an S-shaped curve. d. a Poisson curve. 28. Variations in individual behavior are confined within __________ acceptable limits. a. legal ...
evolutionary biology - Case Western Reserve University
evolutionary biology - Case Western Reserve University

... geographic areas and geologic time. Evolutionary Physiology/Morphology • How physiological, biochemical, and anatomical features of an organism provide adaptation to its environment and lifeways. Also examines the history of these adaptations. Human Evolution • Many evolutionary biologists use con ...
natural selection
natural selection

... He hypothesized that as the descendants of a remote ancestor spread into various habitats over millions and millions of years, they accumulated diverse modifications, or adaptations, that fit them to specific ways of life in their environment. ...
EVOLUTION
EVOLUTION

Are Humans Evolving (PowerPoint) Madison 2004
Are Humans Evolving (PowerPoint) Madison 2004

... What effect would the following mutations have on human evolution: • a deleterious gene whose effect appears after 40 years of age? ...
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practice test

... a. It might acquire genes through evolution. b. It might become extinct. c. It might evolve into a less complex form. d. It might evolve into a more complex form. e. It might mutate to acquire appropriate genes. 5. What is required for natural selection to occur? a. variation within a species b. var ...
Evolutionary Computation - A 2-page Overview for
Evolutionary Computation - A 2-page Overview for

... Abstract— Evolutionary heuristics have been little, but steadily, exploited during the past 20 years for solving difficult problems. This short introductions sketches the origin and principles of Evolutionary Computation, and outlines some (very) common pitfalls in its application. I. ...
Chapter 4 Heredity and Evolution
Chapter 4 Heredity and Evolution

... Animals of both sexes inherit their mtDNA, and all mitochondrial traits, from their mothers. All the variation in mtDNA is caused by mutation, which makes it very useful for studying genetic change over time. ...
Natural Selection
Natural Selection

... Darwin studied finches and how their beak adaptations have allowed them to adapt to take advantage of food sources in different ecological niches. ...
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Dual inheritance theory

Dual inheritance theory (DIT), also known as gene–culture coevolution or biocultural evolution, was developed in the 1960's through early 1980s to explain how human behavior is a product of two different and interacting evolutionary processes: genetic evolution and cultural evolution. In DIT, culture is defined as information and/or behavior acquired through social learning. One of the theory's central claims is that culture evolves partly through a Darwinian selection process, which dual inheritance theorists often describe by analogy to genetic evolution.'Culture', in this context is defined as 'socially learned behavior', and 'social learning' is defined as copying behaviors observed in others or acquiring behaviors through being taught by others. Most of the modeling done in the field relies on the first dynamic (copying) though it can be extended to teaching. Social learning at its simplest involves blind copying of behaviors from a model (someone observed behaving), though it is also understood to have many potential biases, including success bias (copying from those who are perceived to be better off), status bias (copying from those with higher status), homophily (copying from those most like ourselves), conformist bias (disproportionately picking up behaviors that more people are performing), etc.. Understanding social learning is a system of pattern replication, and understanding that there are different rates of survival for different socially learned cultural variants, this sets up, by definition, an evolutionary structure: Cultural Evolution.Because genetic evolution is relatively well understood, most of DIT examines cultural evolution and the interactions between cultural evolution and genetic evolution.
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