File
... These differences change the ability of an organism to survive & reproduce (fitness). • Some peppered moths are black & some are white. • This variation allows some individuals to survive better than others. • The moths that survive will reproduce & pass down beneficial traits. Which moths have the ...
... These differences change the ability of an organism to survive & reproduce (fitness). • Some peppered moths are black & some are white. • This variation allows some individuals to survive better than others. • The moths that survive will reproduce & pass down beneficial traits. Which moths have the ...
Population Genetics
... decomposed black lava and ash, and black sands from an ancient volcano; the rest of the island has typical desert vegetation and white sandy beaches. The entire island has lots of plants and places for mice to live. There are small groundnesting birds, hawks, and a variety of lizards living on the i ...
... decomposed black lava and ash, and black sands from an ancient volcano; the rest of the island has typical desert vegetation and white sandy beaches. The entire island has lots of plants and places for mice to live. There are small groundnesting birds, hawks, and a variety of lizards living on the i ...
The future of molecular evolution
... here are just two questions to be asked in evolution: how are things related, and what makes them differ? Lamarck was the first biologist—he invented the word—to address both. In his Philosophie Zoologique (1809) he suggested that the relationships among species are better described by branching tre ...
... here are just two questions to be asked in evolution: how are things related, and what makes them differ? Lamarck was the first biologist—he invented the word—to address both. In his Philosophie Zoologique (1809) he suggested that the relationships among species are better described by branching tre ...
Document
... reproduction) Such costs may prevent the runaway process from occurring, or they mat lead to an equilibrium at which the male trait and the female preference are less extreme than if there were no cost Runaway sexual selection of this kind could explain the extraordinary variety of male ornaments am ...
... reproduction) Such costs may prevent the runaway process from occurring, or they mat lead to an equilibrium at which the male trait and the female preference are less extreme than if there were no cost Runaway sexual selection of this kind could explain the extraordinary variety of male ornaments am ...
Unit 13 Evolution Teacher Guide
... TEETH has a high value, sheep get more energy from grass and are less likely to starve to death. But they are more likely to be removed by the farmer, which favors a low value of TEETH. Students can turn these two effects on and off and observe the results. Another example of conflicting selection ...
... TEETH has a high value, sheep get more energy from grass and are less likely to starve to death. But they are more likely to be removed by the farmer, which favors a low value of TEETH. Students can turn these two effects on and off and observe the results. Another example of conflicting selection ...
11ps2
... email, or make an appointment to see me about them. If you have any problems with the problems shoot me an email or make an appointment. Kin selection and reproductive value 1. This problem requires the use of kin selection reasoning. In class kin selection was introduced by an example of altruism t ...
... email, or make an appointment to see me about them. If you have any problems with the problems shoot me an email or make an appointment. Kin selection and reproductive value 1. This problem requires the use of kin selection reasoning. In class kin selection was introduced by an example of altruism t ...
Dr. Langerhans` answers to questions
... understanding life-history theory (as well as links to other aspects of natural selection that could influence life histories, and how predators might drive prey extinct). Life history theory has proven to be one of the most predictive theories in evolutionary biology, and I hope you will learn more ...
... understanding life-history theory (as well as links to other aspects of natural selection that could influence life histories, and how predators might drive prey extinct). Life history theory has proven to be one of the most predictive theories in evolutionary biology, and I hope you will learn more ...
Evolution and Natural Selection
... Organisms can be affected by their environment. Variation caused by the environment is not heritable, so it is not subject to natural selection. However, the ability of organisms to develop differently in different environments can be genetic. This means organisms can evolve to be flexible. Plants a ...
... Organisms can be affected by their environment. Variation caused by the environment is not heritable, so it is not subject to natural selection. However, the ability of organisms to develop differently in different environments can be genetic. This means organisms can evolve to be flexible. Plants a ...
Chapter 12: Family, Society, and Evolution
... spitefulness (benefits no one, selected against) altruism (benefits recipient at cost to donor) ...
... spitefulness (benefits no one, selected against) altruism (benefits recipient at cost to donor) ...
Chapter 7 Social Relations
... can successfully self-pollinate, animal hermaphrodites are sterile. Answer: F 10. Thornhill’s research on mate selection among scorpionflies (Panorpa latipennis) indicates that male ____________ translates into successful mating opportunities. a) b) c) d) e) ...
... can successfully self-pollinate, animal hermaphrodites are sterile. Answer: F 10. Thornhill’s research on mate selection among scorpionflies (Panorpa latipennis) indicates that male ____________ translates into successful mating opportunities. a) b) c) d) e) ...
Gene Pool
... 4.Small population size, which causes a random change in genotypic frequencies, particularly if the population is very small. This is due to a sampling effect, and is called genetic drift. The remaining assumptions effect the allele frequencies, but do not, in themselves, effect random mating. If a ...
... 4.Small population size, which causes a random change in genotypic frequencies, particularly if the population is very small. This is due to a sampling effect, and is called genetic drift. The remaining assumptions effect the allele frequencies, but do not, in themselves, effect random mating. If a ...
Slides-Brian_Charlesworth-Sex_and_molecular_evolution
... What has all this got to do with the evolution of sex and recombination? • In order to understand how sexual reproduction and genetic recombination influence the evolutionary process, we need to have well-formulated models that can be related to data. • To produce these models, we need to include p ...
... What has all this got to do with the evolution of sex and recombination? • In order to understand how sexual reproduction and genetic recombination influence the evolutionary process, we need to have well-formulated models that can be related to data. • To produce these models, we need to include p ...
Document
... Allele under case study: The ‘Asian’ getting a B is = failing gene -AA : must have an A+ -Aa - will be okay with an ‘A’ -aa - what a shame even an ‘A-’ is just awlright! (tsk tsk tsk) Initial frequency of these genes in a populations is: p = 0.8 (A) q = 0.2 (a) What 5 ways can you influence this al ...
... Allele under case study: The ‘Asian’ getting a B is = failing gene -AA : must have an A+ -Aa - will be okay with an ‘A’ -aa - what a shame even an ‘A-’ is just awlright! (tsk tsk tsk) Initial frequency of these genes in a populations is: p = 0.8 (A) q = 0.2 (a) What 5 ways can you influence this al ...
POPULATION GENETICS Terms 1.
... Differential contribution of offspring to the next generation due to differences in survivorship or fecundity (reproductive potential). a) b) ...
... Differential contribution of offspring to the next generation due to differences in survivorship or fecundity (reproductive potential). a) b) ...
Agents of Change
... female grouse to mate with it rather than nearby competitors. It's easy to see that if one male mates four times as much as the average male of his generation, his alleles stand to increase proportionately in the next generation. Differential mating success among members of one sex in a species ofte ...
... female grouse to mate with it rather than nearby competitors. It's easy to see that if one male mates four times as much as the average male of his generation, his alleles stand to increase proportionately in the next generation. Differential mating success among members of one sex in a species ofte ...
here
... one with an omega fixed at 1, a second where each site can be either have an omega between 0 and 1, or an omega of 1, and third a model that uses three omegas as described before for MrBayes. The output is written into a file called Hv1.sites.codeml_out (as directed by the control file). Point out l ...
... one with an omega fixed at 1, a second where each site can be either have an omega between 0 and 1, or an omega of 1, and third a model that uses three omegas as described before for MrBayes. The output is written into a file called Hv1.sites.codeml_out (as directed by the control file). Point out l ...
here
... one with an omega fixed at 1, a second where each site can be either have an omega between 0 and 1, or an omega of 1, and third a model that uses three omegas as described before for MrBayes. The output is written into a file called Hv1.sites.codeml_out (as directed by the control file). Point out l ...
... one with an omega fixed at 1, a second where each site can be either have an omega between 0 and 1, or an omega of 1, and third a model that uses three omegas as described before for MrBayes. The output is written into a file called Hv1.sites.codeml_out (as directed by the control file). Point out l ...
CH 23 Population Evolution Smallest Unit of Evolution One
... Selection favors certain genotypes by acting on the phenotypes of certain organisms. 3 modes of Natural Selection Three modes of selection: Directional selection favors individuals at one end of the phenotypic range Disruptive selection favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range Sta ...
... Selection favors certain genotypes by acting on the phenotypes of certain organisms. 3 modes of Natural Selection Three modes of selection: Directional selection favors individuals at one end of the phenotypic range Disruptive selection favors individuals at both extremes of the phenotypic range Sta ...
ppt
... complementary analysis, we identify 26 nonsynonymous, coding, single nucleotide polymorphisms showing regional evidence of positive selection. Examination of these candidates highlights three cases in which two genes in a common biological process have apparently undergone positive selection in the ...
... complementary analysis, we identify 26 nonsynonymous, coding, single nucleotide polymorphisms showing regional evidence of positive selection. Examination of these candidates highlights three cases in which two genes in a common biological process have apparently undergone positive selection in the ...
Natural Selection
... differences between two different groups of organisms indicates more time since they separated from one another. ...
... differences between two different groups of organisms indicates more time since they separated from one another. ...
DAY 2: Mechanisms of evolution
... habitat, and gene flow from this population is common • E.g. Sickle cell anemia allele is found in populations throughout the world due to gene flow ...
... habitat, and gene flow from this population is common • E.g. Sickle cell anemia allele is found in populations throughout the world due to gene flow ...
Unit Plan Part 1
... This concept is the basis of the entire unit. An understanding of this concept is critical to build off of for future concepts. Students must have a clear definition of evolution and this concept provides it within this unit. An understanding of the mechanism of change is necessary to understand the ...
... This concept is the basis of the entire unit. An understanding of this concept is critical to build off of for future concepts. Students must have a clear definition of evolution and this concept provides it within this unit. An understanding of the mechanism of change is necessary to understand the ...
720 What is artificial selection?
... different function Analogous: different structure, similar function ...
... different function Analogous: different structure, similar function ...
Group selection
Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection is imagined to act at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual.Early authors such as V. C. Wynne-Edwards and Konrad Lorenz argued that the behavior of animals could affect their survival and reproduction as groups.From the mid 1960s, evolutionary biologists such as John Maynard Smith argued that natural selection acted primarily at the level of the individual. They argued on the basis of mathematical models that individuals would not altruistically sacrifice fitness for the sake of a group. They persuaded the majority of biologists that group selection did not occur, other than in special situations such as the haplodiploid social insects like honeybees (in the Hymenoptera), where kin selection was possible.In 1994 David Sloan Wilson and Elliott Sober argued for multi-level selection, including group selection, on the grounds that groups, like individuals, could compete. In 2010 three authors including E. O. Wilson, known for his work on ants, again revisited the arguments for group selection, provoking a strong rebuttal from a large group of evolutionary biologists. As of yet, there is no clear consensus among biologists regarding the importance of group selection.