Evolution in Populations
... An abrupt and severe reduction in the number of individuals during the history of a species, resulting in the loss of diversity from the gene pool. The generations following the bottleneck are more genetically ...
... An abrupt and severe reduction in the number of individuals during the history of a species, resulting in the loss of diversity from the gene pool. The generations following the bottleneck are more genetically ...
9/25
... a. No – selection of most fit mutations b. Mutations are random, not selection 14. Difference between anology and homology. a. Related species should have similar characteristics b. Based on homology (similarities due to shared ancestry) not analogy (similarities not from shared ancestry: convergent ...
... a. No – selection of most fit mutations b. Mutations are random, not selection 14. Difference between anology and homology. a. Related species should have similar characteristics b. Based on homology (similarities due to shared ancestry) not analogy (similarities not from shared ancestry: convergent ...
Gene Pool
... individuals with a specific trait may leave more desendents, just by chance. • When allele frequency is altered by the migration of a small population it is called the – “founder effect” ...
... individuals with a specific trait may leave more desendents, just by chance. • When allele frequency is altered by the migration of a small population it is called the – “founder effect” ...
Evolution of Populations
... Species - group of individuals that can breed together and produce a fertile offspring Speciation is the process of forming new species from existing species To occur: Populations ...
... Species - group of individuals that can breed together and produce a fertile offspring Speciation is the process of forming new species from existing species To occur: Populations ...
Evolutionary Biology Key Terms
... observations of fossils, living organisms, characteristics that enhance an organism’s chance of survival, and the environment. Coevolution -‐ process whereby 2 species evolve in response to each other over tim ...
... observations of fossils, living organisms, characteristics that enhance an organism’s chance of survival, and the environment. Coevolution -‐ process whereby 2 species evolve in response to each other over tim ...
h t h t !
... What is immigration and emigration and how do they affect genetic equilibrium? o What is genetic drift and how does it affect genetic equilibrium? o ...
... What is immigration and emigration and how do they affect genetic equilibrium? o What is genetic drift and how does it affect genetic equilibrium? o ...
Name - Animo Venice Biology
... Many traits in humans are controlled by _______________________________________, and are therefore called polygenic (many-genes). ...
... Many traits in humans are controlled by _______________________________________, and are therefore called polygenic (many-genes). ...
VOCAB- Evolution
... ADAPTIVE RADIATION (DIVERGENT EVOLUTION) – process by which a single species or small group of species evolves into several different forms that live in different ways; rapid growth in the diversity of a group of organisms. COEVOLUTION- process by which two species evolve in response to changes in e ...
... ADAPTIVE RADIATION (DIVERGENT EVOLUTION) – process by which a single species or small group of species evolves into several different forms that live in different ways; rapid growth in the diversity of a group of organisms. COEVOLUTION- process by which two species evolve in response to changes in e ...
Darwin and Mechanisms of Evolution
... • Must STRUGGLE with environment also (disease, predators, temp changes etc) • Those that withstand will survive! ...
... • Must STRUGGLE with environment also (disease, predators, temp changes etc) • Those that withstand will survive! ...
unnatural selection or artificial selection or selective breeding
... Organisms compete for food, water, space, and territory, sexual mates, (sexual selection) e.g. peacocks vs horned animals. They also compete in their resistance to diseases and immunological fitness and other features. This has been also the way for humans for millennia and still is true for a propo ...
... Organisms compete for food, water, space, and territory, sexual mates, (sexual selection) e.g. peacocks vs horned animals. They also compete in their resistance to diseases and immunological fitness and other features. This has been also the way for humans for millennia and still is true for a propo ...
Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations
... This chapter begins with the idea that we focused on as we closed the last chapter: Individuals do not evolve! Populations evolve. The Overview looks at the work of Peter and Rosemary Grant with Galápagos finches to illustrate this point, and the rest of the chapter examines the change in population ...
... This chapter begins with the idea that we focused on as we closed the last chapter: Individuals do not evolve! Populations evolve. The Overview looks at the work of Peter and Rosemary Grant with Galápagos finches to illustrate this point, and the rest of the chapter examines the change in population ...
Topic 18 revision notes - Mr Cartlidge`s Saigon Science Blog
... Define adaptive feature - the inherited functional features of an organism that increase its fitness (supplement) Interpret images or other information about a species to describe its adaptive features Define fitness - the probability of an organism surviving and reproducing in the environment in wh ...
... Define adaptive feature - the inherited functional features of an organism that increase its fitness (supplement) Interpret images or other information about a species to describe its adaptive features Define fitness - the probability of an organism surviving and reproducing in the environment in wh ...
Quiz 3, February 6, 2003
... a. MUTATION is the original source of genetic variation within populations. b. NATURAL SELECTION is a process by which individuals with particular heritable characters survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals in a population. c. GENETIC DRIFT is a random process that is most inf ...
... a. MUTATION is the original source of genetic variation within populations. b. NATURAL SELECTION is a process by which individuals with particular heritable characters survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals in a population. c. GENETIC DRIFT is a random process that is most inf ...
Biol 303 levels and types of selection
... Individuals express phenotypes, ie. a gene is selected +/- because of effects on phenotype. Individuals express phenotypes, so alleles at one locus are selected for or against on the basis of the complete genetic “background” formed by all the other loci in that individual. Emphasis on bearer, in th ...
... Individuals express phenotypes, ie. a gene is selected +/- because of effects on phenotype. Individuals express phenotypes, so alleles at one locus are selected for or against on the basis of the complete genetic “background” formed by all the other loci in that individual. Emphasis on bearer, in th ...
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
... Anything that gives him an advantage makes him more likely to pass on his genes ...
... Anything that gives him an advantage makes him more likely to pass on his genes ...
Evolution of Populations
... Relative (allelic) frequency - the percentage of a particular allele (trait) in a gene pool. Natural Selection- In nature, unequal ability to survive and reproduce Artificial Selection- Mankind “selects” for desired traits ...
... Relative (allelic) frequency - the percentage of a particular allele (trait) in a gene pool. Natural Selection- In nature, unequal ability to survive and reproduce Artificial Selection- Mankind “selects” for desired traits ...
Let’s further study how allele frequencies can change in
... Darwin’s Ideas 1. Natural Selection – A process in which some individuals have genetically-based traits that improve survival or reproduction – Thus, they have more offspring surviving to reproductive age than other individuals. ...
... Darwin’s Ideas 1. Natural Selection – A process in which some individuals have genetically-based traits that improve survival or reproduction – Thus, they have more offspring surviving to reproductive age than other individuals. ...
Early Ideas About Evolution
... Key Concept: Darwin proposed natural selection as a mechanism for evolution. Several key insights led to Darwin’s idea for natural selection. Natural selection: mechanism by which _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ...
... Key Concept: Darwin proposed natural selection as a mechanism for evolution. Several key insights led to Darwin’s idea for natural selection. Natural selection: mechanism by which _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ...
Ch.16 Notes - Green Local Schools
... • Allele freq. in a pop. change as a result of random events or chance – Very significant in small pops. ...
... • Allele freq. in a pop. change as a result of random events or chance – Very significant in small pops. ...
Directional selection
... • Natural selection: Differential reproduction by genetically diverse organisms. • The driving force in evolution, it leads to greater adaptation in of organisms to their environment. • If sub-populations are found in substantially different environments then selection can lead to genetic diver ...
... • Natural selection: Differential reproduction by genetically diverse organisms. • The driving force in evolution, it leads to greater adaptation in of organisms to their environment. • If sub-populations are found in substantially different environments then selection can lead to genetic diver ...
Microevolution and Macroevolution
... Due to migration of breeding individuals from one population to another Isolated populations tend to be different from surrounding populations – increased gene flow changes this: Makes the population internally more varied Makes the population less varied from other populations ...
... Due to migration of breeding individuals from one population to another Isolated populations tend to be different from surrounding populations – increased gene flow changes this: Makes the population internally more varied Makes the population less varied from other populations ...
Group selection
Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection is imagined to act at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual.Early authors such as V. C. Wynne-Edwards and Konrad Lorenz argued that the behavior of animals could affect their survival and reproduction as groups.From the mid 1960s, evolutionary biologists such as John Maynard Smith argued that natural selection acted primarily at the level of the individual. They argued on the basis of mathematical models that individuals would not altruistically sacrifice fitness for the sake of a group. They persuaded the majority of biologists that group selection did not occur, other than in special situations such as the haplodiploid social insects like honeybees (in the Hymenoptera), where kin selection was possible.In 1994 David Sloan Wilson and Elliott Sober argued for multi-level selection, including group selection, on the grounds that groups, like individuals, could compete. In 2010 three authors including E. O. Wilson, known for his work on ants, again revisited the arguments for group selection, provoking a strong rebuttal from a large group of evolutionary biologists. As of yet, there is no clear consensus among biologists regarding the importance of group selection.