Hydrogen Bonding • Aldehydes and ketones don`t hydrogen bond
... (a) (b) Ketones and Aldehydes as Acids The (a) ketone and (b) aldehyde have lost an αhydrogen. In the resulting molecule, the ketone has an alkyl group, while the aldehyde has a hydrogen. Alkyl groups are electron donors, and so it tries to push more electrons to the negative carbanion (red arrow). ...
... (a) (b) Ketones and Aldehydes as Acids The (a) ketone and (b) aldehyde have lost an αhydrogen. In the resulting molecule, the ketone has an alkyl group, while the aldehyde has a hydrogen. Alkyl groups are electron donors, and so it tries to push more electrons to the negative carbanion (red arrow). ...
Chapter 5
... amino acids that are linked by peptide bonds protein-macromolecule that consists of one or more polypeptide chains folded and coiled into specific ...
... amino acids that are linked by peptide bonds protein-macromolecule that consists of one or more polypeptide chains folded and coiled into specific ...
Lecture 4 - Winthrop Chemistry, Physics, and Geology
... has had one of the hydrogens removed and replaced by a halogen atom – Also called Alkyl halides ...
... has had one of the hydrogens removed and replaced by a halogen atom – Also called Alkyl halides ...
Powerpoint: Reaction pathways
... The second ammonia molecule ensures the removal of HBr which would lead to the formation of a salt. A large excess ammonia ensures that further substitution doesn’t take place - see below Problem The amine produced is also a nucleophile (lone pair on N) and can attack another molecule of halogenoalk ...
... The second ammonia molecule ensures the removal of HBr which would lead to the formation of a salt. A large excess ammonia ensures that further substitution doesn’t take place - see below Problem The amine produced is also a nucleophile (lone pair on N) and can attack another molecule of halogenoalk ...
Inorganic and organic chemistry 1
... A hydrocarbon contains the elements carbon and hydrogen only. Hence there is 84.7 g of carbon present and 100 − 84.7 = 15.3 g of hydrogen. To find the empirical formula it is best to first calculate the number of moles of carbon and of hydrogen present. Moles C = 84.7/12.0 = 7.1 moles H = 15.3/1.0 = ...
... A hydrocarbon contains the elements carbon and hydrogen only. Hence there is 84.7 g of carbon present and 100 − 84.7 = 15.3 g of hydrogen. To find the empirical formula it is best to first calculate the number of moles of carbon and of hydrogen present. Moles C = 84.7/12.0 = 7.1 moles H = 15.3/1.0 = ...
Chapter 4 - Aqueous Reactions
... We say that HCl is monoprotic - one proton One molecule of sulphuric acid, H2SO4, has two hydrogens to give away. It is said to be diprotic. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4 is triprotic. ...
... We say that HCl is monoprotic - one proton One molecule of sulphuric acid, H2SO4, has two hydrogens to give away. It is said to be diprotic. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4 is triprotic. ...
Alkane
... increased build up of the –ve charge, through the +I effect of Me groups , on the α-carbon. This will make the C less open to attack by the OH- in forming the transition state. 2.The effect of solvent. If the solvent is itself Nu, it may participate in the reaction as a reagent. 3.The nature of X. T ...
... increased build up of the –ve charge, through the +I effect of Me groups , on the α-carbon. This will make the C less open to attack by the OH- in forming the transition state. 2.The effect of solvent. If the solvent is itself Nu, it may participate in the reaction as a reagent. 3.The nature of X. T ...
Inorganic and organic chemistry 1
... A hydrocarbon contains the elements carbon and hydrogen only. Hence there is 84.7 g of carbon present and 100 − 84.7 = 15.3 g of hydrogen. To find the empirical formula it is best to first calculate the number of moles of carbon and of hydrogen present. Moles C = 84.7/12.0 = 7.1 moles H = 15.3/1.0 = ...
... A hydrocarbon contains the elements carbon and hydrogen only. Hence there is 84.7 g of carbon present and 100 − 84.7 = 15.3 g of hydrogen. To find the empirical formula it is best to first calculate the number of moles of carbon and of hydrogen present. Moles C = 84.7/12.0 = 7.1 moles H = 15.3/1.0 = ...
(Organic Chemistry II) Pahlavan
... the compounds have been organized into families, or functional groups, according to common features. Functional groups have characteristic properties and they control the reactivity of the molecule as a whole. Two such functional groups are briefly discussed below. Alcohols represent a class of orga ...
... the compounds have been organized into families, or functional groups, according to common features. Functional groups have characteristic properties and they control the reactivity of the molecule as a whole. Two such functional groups are briefly discussed below. Alcohols represent a class of orga ...
AQA C2 revision book
... 1) They have low melting and boiling points (many are liquids or gases). 2) They tend to be soft and/or have little strength. 3) They do not conduct electricity Simple molecular substances are nearly always non-metallic elements or their compounds. e.g. Water (H2O), Iodine (I2), Carbon dioxide (CO2) ...
... 1) They have low melting and boiling points (many are liquids or gases). 2) They tend to be soft and/or have little strength. 3) They do not conduct electricity Simple molecular substances are nearly always non-metallic elements or their compounds. e.g. Water (H2O), Iodine (I2), Carbon dioxide (CO2) ...
carbon compound
... Macromolecules are made of many polymers (polymer + polymer = macromolecule) “macro” = large (Ex. a paragraph) ...
... Macromolecules are made of many polymers (polymer + polymer = macromolecule) “macro” = large (Ex. a paragraph) ...
Organic compounds
... 4. Nucleic Acids Elements : C, H, O, N, P Monomer = Nucleotide made of 3 components ...
... 4. Nucleic Acids Elements : C, H, O, N, P Monomer = Nucleotide made of 3 components ...
GCSE_C2_Revision_+_Exam_Questions
... (ii) Use this example to explain the relationship between technology and science. ...
... (ii) Use this example to explain the relationship between technology and science. ...
Organic Chemistry Chapter 1
... • Methyl (C has 3 H’s), Primary (1°) (C has two H’s, one R), secondary (2°) (C has one H, two R’s), tertiary (3°) (C has no H, 3 R’s), ...
... • Methyl (C has 3 H’s), Primary (1°) (C has two H’s, one R), secondary (2°) (C has one H, two R’s), tertiary (3°) (C has no H, 3 R’s), ...
Chapter 14
... The smaller product concentration suggests this reaction is reactant-favored, so it makes sense that the KC is smaller than 1. Answer: Kc = 0.075 38. Strategy and Explanation: Given a table of equations with values of KC and KP, order a set equations in order of most reactant-favored to most product ...
... The smaller product concentration suggests this reaction is reactant-favored, so it makes sense that the KC is smaller than 1. Answer: Kc = 0.075 38. Strategy and Explanation: Given a table of equations with values of KC and KP, order a set equations in order of most reactant-favored to most product ...
PPT: Chemical Reactions Review
... 2. Write separate half-reactions for the reduction/oxidation reactions. 3. Balance all the atoms EXCEPT O and H. 4. Balance the oxygen by adding water (H2O). 5. Balance the hydrogen by adding H+. 6. Balance the charge by adding electrons. 7. Multiply each half-reaction by an appropriate number to ma ...
... 2. Write separate half-reactions for the reduction/oxidation reactions. 3. Balance all the atoms EXCEPT O and H. 4. Balance the oxygen by adding water (H2O). 5. Balance the hydrogen by adding H+. 6. Balance the charge by adding electrons. 7. Multiply each half-reaction by an appropriate number to ma ...
xy3-allyl Benzoic Acid, CsHa(COOH)1(OW)2(CsH6)3.---Thi
... The presence of agmantin which was found may have some bearing on the hay fever problem because of the possibility of a similarity which it may possess with 0-iminazolylethylamine. The latter is known t o produce asphyxia in guinea pigs with anaphylactic shock. This similarity is quite doubtful howe ...
... The presence of agmantin which was found may have some bearing on the hay fever problem because of the possibility of a similarity which it may possess with 0-iminazolylethylamine. The latter is known t o produce asphyxia in guinea pigs with anaphylactic shock. This similarity is quite doubtful howe ...
www.xtremepapers.net
... Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included ...
... Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included ...
13. Condensed azines. Quinoline. Isoquinoline. Acridine. Diazines
... Physical and chemical properties of isoquinoline. Isoquinoline, also known as benzo[c]pyridine or 2-benzanine, is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. It is a structural isomer of quinoline. Isoquinoline and quinoline are benzopyridines, which are composed of a benzene ring fused to a pyridine ...
... Physical and chemical properties of isoquinoline. Isoquinoline, also known as benzo[c]pyridine or 2-benzanine, is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. It is a structural isomer of quinoline. Isoquinoline and quinoline are benzopyridines, which are composed of a benzene ring fused to a pyridine ...
Qualitative Analysis Lab
... Note : This is the net ionic equation where the spectator ions are absent . Hence, if we suspected an unknown solution to be silver nitrate, we could identify it by adding sodium chloride and observing the characteristic white, curd-like precipitate. An important fact to note about silver salts is t ...
... Note : This is the net ionic equation where the spectator ions are absent . Hence, if we suspected an unknown solution to be silver nitrate, we could identify it by adding sodium chloride and observing the characteristic white, curd-like precipitate. An important fact to note about silver salts is t ...
Strychnine total synthesis
Strychnine total synthesis in chemistry describes the total synthesis of the complex biomolecule strychnine. The first reported method by the group of Robert Burns Woodward in 1954 is considered a classic in this research field. At the time it formed the natural conclusion to an elaborate process of molecular structure elucidation that started with the isolation of strychnine from the beans of Strychnos ignatii by Pierre Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou in 1818. Major contributors to the entire effort were Sir Robert Robinson with over 250 publications and Hermann Leuchs with another 125 papers in a time span of 40 years. Robinson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1947 for his work on alkaloids, strychnine included. The process of chemical identification was completed with publications in 1946 by Robinson and later confirmed by Woodward in 1947. X-ray structures establishing the absolute configuration became available between 1947 and 1951 with publications from J. M. Bijvoet and J.H. Robertson .Woodward published a very brief account on the strychnine synthesis in 1954 (just 3 pages) and a lengthy one (42 pages) in 1963.Many more methods exist and reported by the research groups of Magnus, Overman, Kuehne, Rawal, Bosch, Vollhardt, Mori, Shibasaki, Li, Fukuyama Vanderwal and MacMillan. Synthetic (+)-strychnine is also known. Racemic synthesises were published by Padwa in 2007 and in 2010 by Andrade and by Reissig.In his 1963 publication Woodward quoted Sir Robert Robinson who said for its molecular size it is the most complex substance known.