• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
cork institute of technology
cork institute of technology

Experiment 18 Lecture
Experiment 18 Lecture

... You can start by writing out the valence electron configuration of the neutral metal atom. For cobalt, if you look at the periodic table, you can see the configuration is [Ar]4s23d7. Then, find out what the oxidation state of the metal is in the complex. In [Co(NH3)6]Cl3, there are 3 Cl- counter-ion ...
From carb acid till end ch 4
From carb acid till end ch 4

... sodium hydrogencarbonate crystals, there is an immediate fizzing as carbon dioxide is produced. You end up with a colourless solution of sodium ethanoate. With sodium carbonate, the full equation is: ...
R - MSU Chemistry
R - MSU Chemistry

Lecture 14. Chemistry of Groups I, II, and III
Lecture 14. Chemistry of Groups I, II, and III

... The important aspect of the crown ethers was that these complexed alkali metal cations in solution. Up until that time it was considered that the alkali metal ions had very little ability to form complexes in aqueous solution. This was important, because ion channels in cell membranes allowed K+ an ...
Chem 350 Jasperse Ch. 6 Summary of Reaction Types, Ch. 4
Chem 350 Jasperse Ch. 6 Summary of Reaction Types, Ch. 4

... a. An atom (which must have a lone pair to give) b. A bond pair (an old bond that breaks)  An arrow must always point directly to an atom, because when electrons move, they always go to some new atom. 3. Ignore any Spectator Atoms. Any metal atom is always a “spectator”  When you have a metal spec ...
Chap5
Chap5

... oxygen is replaced by sulfur. (Thiols, sulfides, disulfides, thiourea –both N & S) i.e.1-napthylthiourea—a rodenticide. 2. Compounds that contain a functional group consisting of sulfur and oxygen. (Sulfoxides, sulfones). 3. Sulfur heterocyclics: where sulfur is attached at one of the points in a cy ...
Kinetics in the Study of Organic Reaction Mechanisms
Kinetics in the Study of Organic Reaction Mechanisms

... no information on the structure of the transition state of the rate-limiting reaction, or on the number and nature of any fast steps which precede or follow the rate-limiting step. 1f the rate equation of a reaction cannot be relied upon to establish either the order or the molecularity of the react ...
Name Page 1 F.05.215e3p1 I.
Name Page 1 F.05.215e3p1 I.

Nomenclature of metal complexes
Nomenclature of metal complexes

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

... Relative to substitution at an sp3 hybridized carbon, the two-step additionelimination scheme of the carboxylic acid derivatives is more facile…. i.e. it has a lower energy barrier, due to the placement of the negative charge in the intermediate on an atom of higher electronegativity (oxygen). ...
1 Lecture 24: Carbohydrates I
1 Lecture 24: Carbohydrates I

... 3. When the C=O group is at the very end it's an Aldose. When the C=O group is at the 2nd position it's called an Ketose. 4. Note that the aldose glyceraldehyde has a chiral center and therefore exists in D and L forms, or mirror images of each other. The D form predominates in nature. 5. Additional ...
Converting Glycerol to Higher Value Products
Converting Glycerol to Higher Value Products

Erythro and Threo
Erythro and Threo

... Conversion of all -OH groups to -OR, • Modified Williamson synthesis • After converting sugar to acetal, stable in base. • Helps to purify by recrystallization from water. ...
Metal Carbenes
Metal Carbenes

... This was the first reported case of a stable metal-carbene-alkene complex and was early evidence that these complexes as well as metallacyclobutanes could be key intermediates in metal catalysed reactions such as olefin metathesis, cyclopropanation and benzannulation. ...
Chapter 15
Chapter 15

Equilibrium
Equilibrium

... To illustrate the collision theory, If soft balls of clay are thrown together with great force, they will stick tightly together. (analogous to colliding particles of high energy that react) Balls of clay thrown together gently, don’t stick to one another. (analogous to colliding particles of low en ...
2009 - NESACS
2009 - NESACS

... burned, and 43.257 g CO2 and 12.395 g H2O are formed. What is the empirical formula for Dianabol? (Atomic masses: C = 12.0, O = 16.0, H = 1.01, CO2 = 44.0, H2O = 18.0) A. C7H5O B. C7H5O2 C. C10H14O D. C14H10O 48. A 50.0 mL sample of 0.20 M HC2H3O2 is titrated with 0.10 M NaOH. Determine the pH of th ...
Assignment #9 KEY 1. Most ligands are written as abbreviations
Assignment #9 KEY 1. Most ligands are written as abbreviations

On the Role of Water in Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Tribute
On the Role of Water in Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Tribute

... catalyst. They attributed this behaviour to an indirect effect of the solvent changing the affinity of the substrate and the product for the catalyst surface or the solvent. The basic nature of water also assists H-abstraction from the alcohol which is the first step of the reaction during the disso ...
Alkene-Addn-PartB-2012-ques
Alkene-Addn-PartB-2012-ques

... The correlary is that an optically active starting material MAY produce an optically active product depending on the mechanism. ...
Chp 4 Carbon and Molecular Diversity
Chp 4 Carbon and Molecular Diversity

... * Early l9th century organic chemistry was built on a foundation of vitalism because organic chemists could not artificially synthesize organic compounds. It was believed that only living organisms could produce organic compounds. Mechanism = Belief that all natural phenomena are governed by physica ...
1 SECONDARY SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMME (SSIP
1 SECONDARY SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMME (SSIP

Multiple-choice questions : 1. The following graph shows the volume
Multiple-choice questions : 1. The following graph shows the volume

... Each question below consists of two separate statements. Decide whether each of the two statements is true or false; if both are true, then decide whether or not the second statement is a correct explanation of the first statement. Then select one option from A to D according to the following table: ...
Document
Document

... One of the major recent developments in this area involves the efficient, and highly enantioselective monofluoralkylation of alcohols using the Mitsunobu reaction ...
< 1 ... 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 ... 359 >

Hydroformylation



Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report