3. Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
... Connecting carbons can lead to large or small molecules The formula for an alkane with no rings in it must be CnH2n+2 where the number of C’s is n Alkanes are saturated with hydrogen (no more can be added They are also called aliphatic compounds ...
... Connecting carbons can lead to large or small molecules The formula for an alkane with no rings in it must be CnH2n+2 where the number of C’s is n Alkanes are saturated with hydrogen (no more can be added They are also called aliphatic compounds ...
Complexes of Cobalt(II1) and Rhodium(I1.l) with a Cyclic
... longest wavelengths. Comparing the ligands in the order of four ammonias, two en, trien, tren, and cyclen, the E values increase by a factor of about 4 in the cisdichlorocobalt(I11) complexes, by 3 in the oxalato-, by 2.7 in the carbonato-, and by 2.2 in the cis-dinitrocomplexes. An increase in E by ...
... longest wavelengths. Comparing the ligands in the order of four ammonias, two en, trien, tren, and cyclen, the E values increase by a factor of about 4 in the cisdichlorocobalt(I11) complexes, by 3 in the oxalato-, by 2.7 in the carbonato-, and by 2.2 in the cis-dinitrocomplexes. An increase in E by ...
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... Manufacture of TNT (Trinitrotoluene) Methyl benzene reacts with nitric acid to form 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene and water. Halogenation of Benzene Electrophilic substitution with a halogen in the presence of a halogen carrier catalyst (FeBr3 or AlCl3) Benzene is unable to react with a halogen alone bec ...
... Manufacture of TNT (Trinitrotoluene) Methyl benzene reacts with nitric acid to form 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene and water. Halogenation of Benzene Electrophilic substitution with a halogen in the presence of a halogen carrier catalyst (FeBr3 or AlCl3) Benzene is unable to react with a halogen alone bec ...
1 - TEST BANK 360
... A) HCO3– D) OH– B) H2SO4– E) HPO42– C) H2PO4– 2. From the list below, pick the one species that is not a Bronsted-Lowry base. A) NH3 D) H2O B) SH– E) PO43– C) BF3 3. Which of these is not a true statement? A) All Bronsted-Lowry bases are also Lewis bases. B) All Lewis acids contain hydrogen. C) All ...
... A) HCO3– D) OH– B) H2SO4– E) HPO42– C) H2PO4– 2. From the list below, pick the one species that is not a Bronsted-Lowry base. A) NH3 D) H2O B) SH– E) PO43– C) BF3 3. Which of these is not a true statement? A) All Bronsted-Lowry bases are also Lewis bases. B) All Lewis acids contain hydrogen. C) All ...
Chapter 4
... of the atoms bonded to the tied atoms are considered next (e.g. C, C, & H beats C, H, & H) Chapter 4 ...
... of the atoms bonded to the tied atoms are considered next (e.g. C, C, & H beats C, H, & H) Chapter 4 ...
Experiment 2
... reducing agent. However, it also has many uses in inorganic chemistry, of which two will be explored in this experiment. Controlled oxidation of the borohydride anion results in the formation of borane (BH 3). Since borane has an empty p-orbital on the boron atom it normally exists as a dimer (B2H6) ...
... reducing agent. However, it also has many uses in inorganic chemistry, of which two will be explored in this experiment. Controlled oxidation of the borohydride anion results in the formation of borane (BH 3). Since borane has an empty p-orbital on the boron atom it normally exists as a dimer (B2H6) ...
6.1.1 revision guide aromatic compounds
... The simplest arene is benzene. It has the molecular formula C6H6 Its basic structure is six C atoms in a hexagonal ring, with one H atom bonded to each C atom Each C atom is bonded to two other C atoms and one H atom by single covalent σ-bonds. This leaves one unused electron on each C atom in a p o ...
... The simplest arene is benzene. It has the molecular formula C6H6 Its basic structure is six C atoms in a hexagonal ring, with one H atom bonded to each C atom Each C atom is bonded to two other C atoms and one H atom by single covalent σ-bonds. This leaves one unused electron on each C atom in a p o ...
Chapter 17
... The carboxylate is less electrophilic that either a ketone or aldehyde and thus it is more difficult to react with nucleophiles and often this is the final product before work-up ...
... The carboxylate is less electrophilic that either a ketone or aldehyde and thus it is more difficult to react with nucleophiles and often this is the final product before work-up ...
Alcohols
... Ethanol is the least toxic alcohol, but it is still toxic. The body detoxifies ethanol with NAD catalyzed first by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and second by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH): ethanol acetic acid The reason methanol and ethylene glycol are so toxic to humans is that, when they ...
... Ethanol is the least toxic alcohol, but it is still toxic. The body detoxifies ethanol with NAD catalyzed first by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and second by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH): ethanol acetic acid The reason methanol and ethylene glycol are so toxic to humans is that, when they ...
Amide Uses
... HexaMethylDiSilazide) is the organosilicon compound with the formula [(CH3)3Si]2NLi. This colourless solid is a strong non-nucleophilic base used for deprotonation reactions and as a ligand. When solvent-free, this compound is dimeric in solution, and trimeric in solid state. Sodium bis(trimethylsil ...
... HexaMethylDiSilazide) is the organosilicon compound with the formula [(CH3)3Si]2NLi. This colourless solid is a strong non-nucleophilic base used for deprotonation reactions and as a ligand. When solvent-free, this compound is dimeric in solution, and trimeric in solid state. Sodium bis(trimethylsil ...
Scheme I a la 2a 3a d ~ ~`~ .~ff 3 4a 5a
... important targets in the synthesis of biologically active compounds. 2 The use of a-amino acids as starting materials in the synthesis of these amines, however, is precluded by the rigorous reaction conditions typically employed for the conversion of carboxyl groups to methyl groups. 3 With few exce ...
... important targets in the synthesis of biologically active compounds. 2 The use of a-amino acids as starting materials in the synthesis of these amines, however, is precluded by the rigorous reaction conditions typically employed for the conversion of carboxyl groups to methyl groups. 3 With few exce ...
Balancing Redox Equations
... Electrochemical Reaction - Chemical reaction that involves the flow of electrons. Redox Reaction (oxidation-reduction reaction) - A reaction in which at least one atom changes in oxidation state. Reduction - Any process in which the oxidation number of an atom ...
... Electrochemical Reaction - Chemical reaction that involves the flow of electrons. Redox Reaction (oxidation-reduction reaction) - A reaction in which at least one atom changes in oxidation state. Reduction - Any process in which the oxidation number of an atom ...
ppt
... The sulfur atom of sulfides is much more nucleophilic than the oxygen atom of ethers, and will react with alkyl halides to give stable sulfonium salts. H3C ...
... The sulfur atom of sulfides is much more nucleophilic than the oxygen atom of ethers, and will react with alkyl halides to give stable sulfonium salts. H3C ...
INTRODUCTION - Open Access Repository of Indian Theses
... synthesis of keto sulfides and keto ethers is very important transformation as they are key intermediates in synthesis of various natural products as well as in organic synthesis. Traditionally the addition to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds has been reported with strong bases such as alkali meta ...
... synthesis of keto sulfides and keto ethers is very important transformation as they are key intermediates in synthesis of various natural products as well as in organic synthesis. Traditionally the addition to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds has been reported with strong bases such as alkali meta ...
Chapter 1 Structure and Bonding
... 3. Number the main chain starting from the end closest to a substituent 4. Write the name i. Alphabetize by sub. (di-, tri-count only if part of sub. name) ii. Order #’s from low to high; use smallest possible numbers iii. Capitalize the first letter only iv. Write as one word with commas and hyphen ...
... 3. Number the main chain starting from the end closest to a substituent 4. Write the name i. Alphabetize by sub. (di-, tri-count only if part of sub. name) ii. Order #’s from low to high; use smallest possible numbers iii. Capitalize the first letter only iv. Write as one word with commas and hyphen ...
pcc-sio2.alcohol.oxi..
... overoxidation is avoided using Swern conditions, the annoying odor of by-products and troublesome removal of DMSO may make the purification of products lengthy. The anhydrous conditions maintained by a PCC/silica gel oxidation serve to minimize the formation of carboxylic acids as products of the si ...
... overoxidation is avoided using Swern conditions, the annoying odor of by-products and troublesome removal of DMSO may make the purification of products lengthy. The anhydrous conditions maintained by a PCC/silica gel oxidation serve to minimize the formation of carboxylic acids as products of the si ...
Imine formation
... Imine Formation Major concepts The imine is a functional group in which Carbon and Nitrogen are double bonded Aldehydes and ketones react with primary amines under acid catalyzed conditions to form imines The Aldol condensation and imine formation are mechanistically similar, so they can be re ...
... Imine Formation Major concepts The imine is a functional group in which Carbon and Nitrogen are double bonded Aldehydes and ketones react with primary amines under acid catalyzed conditions to form imines The Aldol condensation and imine formation are mechanistically similar, so they can be re ...
Concepts in Transition Metal Chemistry – Answers
... the black powder should dissolve, evolving hydrogen and giving a purple solution of Ti3+(aq). This is what happens. ...
... the black powder should dissolve, evolving hydrogen and giving a purple solution of Ti3+(aq). This is what happens. ...
Chemistry 0310 - Organic Chemistry 1 Chapter 12. Reactions of
... - Syn-Hydroxylations of alkenes are most conveniently performed with catalytic OsO4 and NMO (N-methylmorpholine N-oxide) as co-oxidant. Attack occurs from the less-hindered face of the alkene, and a vicinal syn-diol is isolated after reductive workup. - Oxidative cleavage of 1,2-disubstituted alken ...
... - Syn-Hydroxylations of alkenes are most conveniently performed with catalytic OsO4 and NMO (N-methylmorpholine N-oxide) as co-oxidant. Attack occurs from the less-hindered face of the alkene, and a vicinal syn-diol is isolated after reductive workup. - Oxidative cleavage of 1,2-disubstituted alken ...
Day 13 Main Group Pt 1
... CaH2(s) + H2O à Ca(OH)2(s) + H2(g) Write the reaction between CaH2(s) and O2(g): ...
... CaH2(s) + H2O à Ca(OH)2(s) + H2(g) Write the reaction between CaH2(s) and O2(g): ...
Organic Chemistry Introduction
... • At high temperatures, sufficient E for both reactions to occur •A B (fast) and A C (slower) • or B A C • We see more stable product dominate. Fall, 2009 ...
... • At high temperatures, sufficient E for both reactions to occur •A B (fast) and A C (slower) • or B A C • We see more stable product dominate. Fall, 2009 ...
Hydroformylation
Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.