Stephanie van Niekerk, Stacey Human, June Williams, Erna van Wilpe,
... vectorborne diseases, although sporadic cases were detected year-round (online Technical Appendix Figure 1, panel B). Both viruses were widely distributed across South Africa (online Technical Appendix Figure 3). The nsP4 gene fragment for 6 SINV-positive specimens had <7% nt differences but 100% aa ...
... vectorborne diseases, although sporadic cases were detected year-round (online Technical Appendix Figure 1, panel B). Both viruses were widely distributed across South Africa (online Technical Appendix Figure 3). The nsP4 gene fragment for 6 SINV-positive specimens had <7% nt differences but 100% aa ...
What causes a cold and the flu?
... viruses. Colds (also known as viral rhinitis, nasopharyngitis, or nonspecific upper respiratory infections), on the other hand, can be caused by more than 200 different viruses — and that estimate includes only the viruses doctors know about. The viruses that cause as many as 50% of colds in adults ...
... viruses. Colds (also known as viral rhinitis, nasopharyngitis, or nonspecific upper respiratory infections), on the other hand, can be caused by more than 200 different viruses — and that estimate includes only the viruses doctors know about. The viruses that cause as many as 50% of colds in adults ...
A hepatitis C virus (HCV)
... CHO-745 cells were transduced with SR-BI receptor variants (wt, S101A, E210A, mSR-BI and CD36). sE2 was produced by transfection of 293T cells with pcDNA3.1 tpa.E2-661.6xHis and harvesting of supernatant after 48 hours. Transduced CHO-745 cells were incubated with sE2 for 2h. Cells were stained with ...
... CHO-745 cells were transduced with SR-BI receptor variants (wt, S101A, E210A, mSR-BI and CD36). sE2 was produced by transfection of 293T cells with pcDNA3.1 tpa.E2-661.6xHis and harvesting of supernatant after 48 hours. Transduced CHO-745 cells were incubated with sE2 for 2h. Cells were stained with ...
Herpes, Shingles and Arginine
... EVER had chicken pox, you may one day develop shingles. The key is keeping the virus at a disadvantage. Keeping the Arginine and Lysine in balance will help keep the virus at bay. ...
... EVER had chicken pox, you may one day develop shingles. The key is keeping the virus at a disadvantage. Keeping the Arginine and Lysine in balance will help keep the virus at bay. ...
Quantification of foot and mouth disease virus excretion and transmission within groups of sheep with and without vaccination
... vaccinated group, β and duration could not be determined due to limited observations of virus excretion in oro-pharyngeal fluid. The reproduction ratio Rv was 0.22 (0.01;1.78). When testing the hypothesis as to whether transmission in groups with and without vaccination is the same, no significant d ...
... vaccinated group, β and duration could not be determined due to limited observations of virus excretion in oro-pharyngeal fluid. The reproduction ratio Rv was 0.22 (0.01;1.78). When testing the hypothesis as to whether transmission in groups with and without vaccination is the same, no significant d ...
BioHnrs TEST TOPICS: Intro to Cells (4.1
... 9. Describe how a virus causes disease and explain why antibiotics cannot be used as treatment. 10. Describe the human immunodeficiency virus and explain its reproductive cycle. Explain why disease symptoms of HIV may not be noticeable immediately. 11. Define the term vaccine, describe the first vac ...
... 9. Describe how a virus causes disease and explain why antibiotics cannot be used as treatment. 10. Describe the human immunodeficiency virus and explain its reproductive cycle. Explain why disease symptoms of HIV may not be noticeable immediately. 11. Define the term vaccine, describe the first vac ...
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most prevalent arbovirus
... Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most prevalent arbovirus in Europe and in many parts of Asia. Clinical symptoms range from mild fever to severe neurological disorders. However, the pathogenesis of TBEV is still not completely understood, mechanisms of virus host response interaction and ...
... Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most prevalent arbovirus in Europe and in many parts of Asia. Clinical symptoms range from mild fever to severe neurological disorders. However, the pathogenesis of TBEV is still not completely understood, mechanisms of virus host response interaction and ...
Ebola Virus Outbreak
... • The hospital did not recognize his illness as Ebola and sent him home. • He returned three days later, was admitted to the hospital, and died ten days later. • A nurse who treated this patient tested positive for the virus. This was the first transmission within the U.S. A second nurse has also be ...
... • The hospital did not recognize his illness as Ebola and sent him home. • He returned three days later, was admitted to the hospital, and died ten days later. • A nurse who treated this patient tested positive for the virus. This was the first transmission within the U.S. A second nurse has also be ...
The use of genetically modified microorganisms in animal
... longer able to grow in host tissues they may then only be cultured artificially using supplemented media. Vaccine strains of Aeromonas, Salmonella, and Escherichia have all been produced using this technique for use in a variety of species including fish, cattle, pigs and poultry. Gene deletion can ...
... longer able to grow in host tissues they may then only be cultured artificially using supplemented media. Vaccine strains of Aeromonas, Salmonella, and Escherichia have all been produced using this technique for use in a variety of species including fish, cattle, pigs and poultry. Gene deletion can ...
Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act (Pathogens and Toxins)
... The purpose of the Anti-terrorism Crime and Security Act is to help ensure that Governments have, in the light of terrorist attacks, the necessary powers to counter the threat to the UK. Part 7 and Schedules 5 and 6 of the Act places an obligation on managers of laboratories and other premises holdi ...
... The purpose of the Anti-terrorism Crime and Security Act is to help ensure that Governments have, in the light of terrorist attacks, the necessary powers to counter the threat to the UK. Part 7 and Schedules 5 and 6 of the Act places an obligation on managers of laboratories and other premises holdi ...
FIB Viruses - Humble ISD
... • Once you have finished, or when the timer goes off, return to your desk and have a seat. ...
... • Once you have finished, or when the timer goes off, return to your desk and have a seat. ...
Diseases of the Skin
... • Neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum blocks release of acetylcholine • Occurs most often in home-canned foods • Also called the ‘sausage disease’ • Infant Botulism or Floppy Baby Syndrome – Often transmitted by contaminated honey ...
... • Neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum blocks release of acetylcholine • Occurs most often in home-canned foods • Also called the ‘sausage disease’ • Infant Botulism or Floppy Baby Syndrome – Often transmitted by contaminated honey ...
Eastern Equine Encephalitis June 2016
... between various hosts by mosquito vectors. Mosquitoes with generalist host preferences are frequently not the primary carrier of the virus but instead serve as “bridge vectors” that transmit the virus from more typical hosts to atypical hosts. Migrating birds are thought to be responsible for establ ...
... between various hosts by mosquito vectors. Mosquitoes with generalist host preferences are frequently not the primary carrier of the virus but instead serve as “bridge vectors” that transmit the virus from more typical hosts to atypical hosts. Migrating birds are thought to be responsible for establ ...
Virus
... • Caused by HIV virus (human immunodeficiency virus) • Destroys immune system • Spread by sexual contact (contact with infected body fluids: blood, semen, vaginal fluid; and from mother to fetus) • RNA retrovirus that can infect T cells of the immune system • It will lyse many of the T cells. Others ...
... • Caused by HIV virus (human immunodeficiency virus) • Destroys immune system • Spread by sexual contact (contact with infected body fluids: blood, semen, vaginal fluid; and from mother to fetus) • RNA retrovirus that can infect T cells of the immune system • It will lyse many of the T cells. Others ...
Joint ECDC RIVM RKI Rapid Risk Assessment Schmallenberg virus
... These assessment results are based on the following observations: ...
... These assessment results are based on the following observations: ...
Epstein-Barr Virus
... When T-cell deficiency exists, one clone of EBVinfected B-lymphocytes escapes immune surveillance to become autonomously ...
... When T-cell deficiency exists, one clone of EBVinfected B-lymphocytes escapes immune surveillance to become autonomously ...
Norovirus Outbreak in an Elementary School
... norovirus subtype GII. Norovirus subtype GII also was identified in both stool specimens. Noroviruses from the two stool specimens and a single environmental sample were identical by DNA sequencing of region B, the gene commonly used for genetic classification. Bacterial cultures of stool specimens ...
... norovirus subtype GII. Norovirus subtype GII also was identified in both stool specimens. Noroviruses from the two stool specimens and a single environmental sample were identical by DNA sequencing of region B, the gene commonly used for genetic classification. Bacterial cultures of stool specimens ...
Adenovirus
... •Disease symptoms may resemble those of other respiratory virus infections. •Virus may cause asymptomatic shedding. Transmission •Direct contact via respiratory droplets and fecal matter, on hands, on fomites (e.g., towels, contaminated medical instruments), close contact, and inadequately chlorinat ...
... •Disease symptoms may resemble those of other respiratory virus infections. •Virus may cause asymptomatic shedding. Transmission •Direct contact via respiratory droplets and fecal matter, on hands, on fomites (e.g., towels, contaminated medical instruments), close contact, and inadequately chlorinat ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
... bloodborne disease Symptoms range from flu-like to none at all No symptoms - person is infectious and can spread the disease Hepatitis infects about 300,000 people in USA annually ...
... bloodborne disease Symptoms range from flu-like to none at all No symptoms - person is infectious and can spread the disease Hepatitis infects about 300,000 people in USA annually ...
From obscurity, to emergency, to enduring public health threat
... Before the 2015 arrival of Zika virus in the Western Hemisphere, a mosquito bite had never before been linked to a devastating birth defect. In February 2016, following the World Health Organization’s declaration that the virus and the accompanying impacts of microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome ...
... Before the 2015 arrival of Zika virus in the Western Hemisphere, a mosquito bite had never before been linked to a devastating birth defect. In February 2016, following the World Health Organization’s declaration that the virus and the accompanying impacts of microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome ...
Infectious Bursal Disease
... • A cheesy core may be found in the bursa. • Kidneys are swollen and filled with urates. ...
... • A cheesy core may be found in the bursa. • Kidneys are swollen and filled with urates. ...
Henipavirus
Henipavirus is a genus of RNA viruses in the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales containing three established species: Hendra virus, Nipah virus and Cedar virus. The henipaviruses are naturally harboured by Pteropid fruit bats (flying foxes) and some microbat species. Henipavirus is characterised by a large genome, a wide host range, and their recent emergence as zoonotic pathogens capable of causing illness and death in domestic animals and humans.In 2009, RNA sequences of three novel viruses in phylogenetic relationship to known Henipaviruses were detected in Eidolon helvum (the African straw-colored fruit bat) in Ghana. The finding of these novel putative Henipaviruses outside Australia and Asia indicates that the region of potential endemicity of Henipaviruses extends to Africa.