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An experimental study on early pathogenesis of a very virulent
An experimental study on early pathogenesis of a very virulent

... Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Poultry Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran ...
Situation update - Middle Eastern Respiratory syndrome coronavirus
Situation update - Middle Eastern Respiratory syndrome coronavirus

... Middle East respiratory syndrome is caused by a novel coronavirus which was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012. Nearly all reported cases have had recent travel to, or residence in, the Middle East (specifically the countries of: Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Leban ...
Types of Pathogens - Guiding Questions
Types of Pathogens - Guiding Questions

... Why is Aspergillus a concern with regards to nuts and grain foods? What products of fungi have become important tools in medicine? What are worms or helminthes? How are they specialised for a parasitic way of life? ...
Pathogenesis of infection
Pathogenesis of infection

... The model mechanism of infection that we inherited from Robert Koch places its emphasis on an identifiable microbial pathogen; the presumed external agent of disease. This emphasis may have been useful in the early days of the germ theory of disease. However, a preoccupation with the microorganism t ...
Infectious Diseases
Infectious Diseases

... ***GLOBAL ALLIANCE FOR VACCINES AND IMMUNIZATION {WWW.GAVI.ORG} ...
Hepatitis B e antigen-positive Health Care
Hepatitis B e antigen-positive Health Care

... their exposure. A sample of patients was sent a postal questionnaire. Most (56%) respondents reported  feeling anxious on receiving the letter but almost all (93%) thought patients should always be informed  following treatment by an infectious health care worker, although the risk was very small.   ...
what viruses tell us about endocytosis
what viruses tell us about endocytosis

... The journey of a virus particle from the cell surface to the cytosol and nucleus consists of a series of consecutive steps that move it closer to its site of replication [1,4–8]. At the same time, it receives cellular cues that drive it through a programme of disassembly and penetration. Many viruse ...
Avian Influenza - Asia Pacific Advanced Network
Avian Influenza - Asia Pacific Advanced Network

... • Sequencing of the HA and NA genes identified the cause to be H7N7 influenza. • Soon after, symptoms were reported in 453 people; 89 were confirmed to have the H7N7 virus. ...
Diagnosis
Diagnosis

... of symptoms, but may vary from 6 weeks to 6 months .  Acutely infected individuals develop clinically apparent hepatitis with loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain and jaundice . Some may have dark urine and gray stool.  Is usually not severe and is not associated with increase ...
There are six links in the chain of infection:
There are six links in the chain of infection:

... 5. Protect Portal of Entry -healthcare professionals must make sure that ports of entry are not subjected to pathogens. ...
How to Interpret Hepatitis B Antibody and Viral Tests
How to Interpret Hepatitis B Antibody and Viral Tests

... HepatitisBsurfaceantigen(HBsAg): The presence of surface antigen in a lab report indicates a hepatitis B infection. It can be an acute (short-term) or a chronic (potentially life-long) infection. Simply put, if the surface antigen is present, a person has HBV and is capable of infecting others. When ...
Latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type-5 in
Latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type-5 in

... to five daily administrations of dexamethasone (Dx) to reactivate the infection. Twenty-five out of 44 rabbits (56.8%) shed virus in nasal or ocular secretions after Dx treatment. Virus shedding was first detected at day two post-Dx and lasted from one to 11 days. The highest frequencies of virus re ...
Hepatitis B Vaccine
Hepatitis B Vaccine

... Adverse effectsSlight pain or swelling at injection site Faint rash 5 – 8 days after injection, with fever 39 No added adverse effects with combination MMR Hepatitis B Vaccine Protects against hepatitis B, but not against other forms Type- Inactivated vaccine (conjugate protein) Route of administra ...
May 2005
May 2005

... confined to one house even though only a single wire fence separated the runs. The clinical signs, gross lesions, histopathological lesions and the subsequent response to therapy all supported a diagnosis of avian vibrionic hepatitis (AVH) (figure 2). However, no bacterial pathogen could be demonstr ...
LACTOFERRIN MODULATES HSV-1 INFECTION AT EARLY
LACTOFERRIN MODULATES HSV-1 INFECTION AT EARLY

... The abstract should describe the purpose of the study and the major results and conclusions. If you prefer breaking the text into paragraphs, please do not leave space between them. Oral mucosa is a frequent site of primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 infection. However, although intraoral she ...
Suspected Case of Infectious Neurologic Disease
Suspected Case of Infectious Neurologic Disease

... Suspected Case of Infectious Neurologic Disease ...
Pigeon Fever 2012: an emerging disease in Kansas
Pigeon Fever 2012: an emerging disease in Kansas

... Diagnosis of pigeon fever is often made based on the location of an abscess/swelling and the presence of the characteristic thick green/tan discharge. A culture of the discharge will yield nitrate positive Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Typical progression of the external abscess will involve ...
Blood Borne Pathogen Training
Blood Borne Pathogen Training

Slide 1
Slide 1

... Dark urine (like cola or tea). Pale stools. ...
Title Goes Here
Title Goes Here

... Your Medical Caregiver should be aware of your travels, Heed their advice, Complete the SAT, If after 3 days no symptoms present, you would be expected at work ...
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Information Packet
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Information Packet

... exposed to Ebola virus from direct contact with the blood and/or secretions of an infected person. Thus, the virus is often spread through families and friends because they come in close contact with such secretions when caring for infected persons. People can also be exposed to Ebola virus through ...
Pandemic Influenza Viruses — Hoping for the Road Not Taken
Pandemic Influenza Viruses — Hoping for the Road Not Taken

... On the basis of published sequences and phylogenetic analyses, it has been hypothesized that the novel avian H7N9 influenza virus is a reassortant virus containing gene segments derived from four separate avian influenza viruses,1 including two different wild-bird viruses contributing the H7 hemaggl ...
Leptospirosis in cats
Leptospirosis in cats

... § There are over 250 pathogenic serovars, adapted to different wild or serve as a source of infection. domestic animal reservoir hosts. n § Leptospires are found in the environment, particularly in contaminated water, where they can remain infectious for several months. § In cats, infection ...
Eastern Equine Encephalitis
Eastern Equine Encephalitis

... EEE is a summertime disease, occurring most frequently in children and the elderly.(7) It occurs in eastern and north central US and Canada and in scattered areas of Central and South America and in the Caribbean.(8) In most regions of the US where EEE is enzootic, transmission to humans usually occ ...
Temporal trends in the discovery of human viruses
Temporal trends in the discovery of human viruses

... Keywords: discovery curve; emerging infectious diseases; public health; surveillance; virus species ...
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Henipavirus



Henipavirus is a genus of RNA viruses in the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales containing three established species: Hendra virus, Nipah virus and Cedar virus. The henipaviruses are naturally harboured by Pteropid fruit bats (flying foxes) and some microbat species. Henipavirus is characterised by a large genome, a wide host range, and their recent emergence as zoonotic pathogens capable of causing illness and death in domestic animals and humans.In 2009, RNA sequences of three novel viruses in phylogenetic relationship to known Henipaviruses were detected in Eidolon helvum (the African straw-colored fruit bat) in Ghana. The finding of these novel putative Henipaviruses outside Australia and Asia indicates that the region of potential endemicity of Henipaviruses extends to Africa.
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