Advances in antiviral drug discovery and development: Part I
... siRNAs [25] . siRNAs and miRNAs are promising and potent candidates for developing novel biot herapeutics against various viruses. RNAi is still in its developmental stage and many questions such as short-lived nature, efficiency, future science group ...
... siRNAs [25] . siRNAs and miRNAs are promising and potent candidates for developing novel biot herapeutics against various viruses. RNAi is still in its developmental stage and many questions such as short-lived nature, efficiency, future science group ...
HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF AN ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF STEMS OF ANISOCHILUS CARNOSUS AGAINST CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS
... An ethanolic extract of stems of Anisochilus Carnosus (EEAC) was studied for hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced in Albino wistar rats of either sex by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 [CCl4 in ...
... An ethanolic extract of stems of Anisochilus Carnosus (EEAC) was studied for hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced in Albino wistar rats of either sex by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 [CCl4 in ...
- c. T Uomments of
... several individt ‘.LIStold us to ask for, which should be easily available, was the “summary basis of approval.” v I e hoped that information would answer a question regarding the information submitted in th c NDAs for these drugs. In return we received a terse letter stating, “The Food and Drug Adm ...
... several individt ‘.LIStold us to ask for, which should be easily available, was the “summary basis of approval.” v I e hoped that information would answer a question regarding the information submitted in th c NDAs for these drugs. In return we received a terse letter stating, “The Food and Drug Adm ...
development of gastroretentive optimized once a day floating and/or
... levels, reduction in health care cost through improved therapy and shorter treatment period[1, 2] and patentability and opportunity for extending product life-cycle [3]. However, the problem frequently encountered with oral sustained release dosage forms is inability to increase the residence time o ...
... levels, reduction in health care cost through improved therapy and shorter treatment period[1, 2] and patentability and opportunity for extending product life-cycle [3]. However, the problem frequently encountered with oral sustained release dosage forms is inability to increase the residence time o ...
7- introduction
... organ systems. The end effect is a quite delicate temporal association of biological processes and functions.It is a progress form to a circumstance that is arranged in time, exhibiting separate and essential cyclic experience. Thus temporal organization of biological processes and functions in the ...
... organ systems. The end effect is a quite delicate temporal association of biological processes and functions.It is a progress form to a circumstance that is arranged in time, exhibiting separate and essential cyclic experience. Thus temporal organization of biological processes and functions in the ...
Wastewater Treatment Technology and Applications in Industrial Facilities
... Table 1 identifies the pretreatment processes most commonly used to treat specific industrial pollutants. Pretreatment often involves more than one process and the order of multiple processes is very important. With wastewater whose pH is high, neutralization would be needed prior to using a biologi ...
... Table 1 identifies the pretreatment processes most commonly used to treat specific industrial pollutants. Pretreatment often involves more than one process and the order of multiple processes is very important. With wastewater whose pH is high, neutralization would be needed prior to using a biologi ...
Guidelines
... – Are critical quality standards justified by the manufacturer and approved by the regulatory authorities – Assure the quality at release and during shelf life – Are only one part of a total control strategy to ensure product quality and consistency ; other parts include adherence to GMP Tests and c ...
... – Are critical quality standards justified by the manufacturer and approved by the regulatory authorities – Assure the quality at release and during shelf life – Are only one part of a total control strategy to ensure product quality and consistency ; other parts include adherence to GMP Tests and c ...
File - Riske Science
... secretion of stomach acid by interacting at receptors known as H2 (not to be confused with hydrogen gas!) in the parietal cells in the gastric glands. • This histamine interaction initiates a sequence of events, leading to the release of acid into the stomach lumen. This suggests that a possible tar ...
... secretion of stomach acid by interacting at receptors known as H2 (not to be confused with hydrogen gas!) in the parietal cells in the gastric glands. • This histamine interaction initiates a sequence of events, leading to the release of acid into the stomach lumen. This suggests that a possible tar ...
SalivaScan™ Saliva Alcohol Test
... high doses may be indistinguishable from schizophrenia. Opiates/Morphine(OPI): Opiates such as heroin, morphine, and codeine are derived from the resin of opium poppy. Heroin is quickly metabolized to morphine. Thus, morphine and morphine glucuronide might both be found in the saliva of a person who ...
... high doses may be indistinguishable from schizophrenia. Opiates/Morphine(OPI): Opiates such as heroin, morphine, and codeine are derived from the resin of opium poppy. Heroin is quickly metabolized to morphine. Thus, morphine and morphine glucuronide might both be found in the saliva of a person who ...
RCSB Molecule of the Month - Tetrahydrobiopterin Biosynthesis
... 2. B. Thony, G. Auerbach & N. Blau (2000) Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, regeneration and functions. Biochemical Journal 347, 1-16. 3. 1sep: G. Auerbach, A. Herrmann, M. Gutlich, M. Fischer, U. Jacob, A. Bacher & R. Huber (1997) The 1.25 A crystal structure of sepiapterin reductase reveals its bi ...
... 2. B. Thony, G. Auerbach & N. Blau (2000) Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, regeneration and functions. Biochemical Journal 347, 1-16. 3. 1sep: G. Auerbach, A. Herrmann, M. Gutlich, M. Fischer, U. Jacob, A. Bacher & R. Huber (1997) The 1.25 A crystal structure of sepiapterin reductase reveals its bi ...
Definition and Classification of Generic Drugs Across the World
... terms ‘‘interchangeable’’ or ‘‘bioequivalence’’, as previously described, it will generally increase the supporting evidence required from manufacturers when submitting a new generic application. On the other hand, the absence of these terms from the definition may be interpreted as if that evidence ...
... terms ‘‘interchangeable’’ or ‘‘bioequivalence’’, as previously described, it will generally increase the supporting evidence required from manufacturers when submitting a new generic application. On the other hand, the absence of these terms from the definition may be interpreted as if that evidence ...
View PDF
... Interpreting Balanced Chemical Equations ___ CO(s) + ___ O2(g) ___ CO2(g) + 393.5 kJ 1. Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? 2. What are the states of the reactants? 3. What are the states of the products? 4. What is the ratio of CO to CO2? 5. If 11 moles of CO are consumed, how many moles ...
... Interpreting Balanced Chemical Equations ___ CO(s) + ___ O2(g) ___ CO2(g) + 393.5 kJ 1. Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? 2. What are the states of the reactants? 3. What are the states of the products? 4. What is the ratio of CO to CO2? 5. If 11 moles of CO are consumed, how many moles ...
SalivaScan
... high doses may be indistinguishable from schizophrenia. Opiates/Morphine(OPI): Opiates such as heroin, morphine, and codeine are derived from the resin of opium poppy. Heroin is quickly metabolized to morphine. Thus, morphine and morphine glucuronide might both be found in the saliva of a person who ...
... high doses may be indistinguishable from schizophrenia. Opiates/Morphine(OPI): Opiates such as heroin, morphine, and codeine are derived from the resin of opium poppy. Heroin is quickly metabolized to morphine. Thus, morphine and morphine glucuronide might both be found in the saliva of a person who ...
a novel approach using hydrotropic solubalization technique
... Objective: Analysis of drug utilized the organic solvent which are costlier, toxic, and causing environment pollution. Hydrotropic solution may be a proper choice to preclude the use of organic solvents so that an attempt has been made to develop simple, accurate, novel, safe and precise spectrophot ...
... Objective: Analysis of drug utilized the organic solvent which are costlier, toxic, and causing environment pollution. Hydrotropic solution may be a proper choice to preclude the use of organic solvents so that an attempt has been made to develop simple, accurate, novel, safe and precise spectrophot ...
J.Grevel 25.05.07
... − assuming that the link between the preclinical and the clinical test is generally valid and independent of the pharmacologic agent used to cause the response, − the PTZ preclinical effect measurements of Drug X are used to predict total seizure frequency per 28 days (clinical response). ...
... − assuming that the link between the preclinical and the clinical test is generally valid and independent of the pharmacologic agent used to cause the response, − the PTZ preclinical effect measurements of Drug X are used to predict total seizure frequency per 28 days (clinical response). ...
C h a p t e r 1 8 Chirally Pure Drugs in Hypertension
... As early as in 1980’s and more so since the FDA recognized the importance of single isomer drugs, the pharmaceutical research and development has started focusing on single isomer or chiral drugs. The need arose because of the fact that our body is chiroselective, i.e. the body shows different biolo ...
... As early as in 1980’s and more so since the FDA recognized the importance of single isomer drugs, the pharmaceutical research and development has started focusing on single isomer or chiral drugs. The need arose because of the fact that our body is chiroselective, i.e. the body shows different biolo ...
1896grading1848 - DB
... This homework explores the role of screening studies in promoting the accuracy of the process of identifying and quantifying risk factors for disease. The goal of the drug approval process should be 1. To have a low probability of approving drugs that do not work, 2. To have a high probability of ap ...
... This homework explores the role of screening studies in promoting the accuracy of the process of identifying and quantifying risk factors for disease. The goal of the drug approval process should be 1. To have a low probability of approving drugs that do not work, 2. To have a high probability of ap ...
DAVID E. McCLURE, Ph. D. 10654 Canyon
... Directed group of 30-40 scientists and engineers in the discovery, analytical testing, formulation development, process engineering, and pilot plant manufacturing of new ultrasound contrast agents with an annual budget of ~$3-5M. Successfully implemented project planning and management that establis ...
... Directed group of 30-40 scientists and engineers in the discovery, analytical testing, formulation development, process engineering, and pilot plant manufacturing of new ultrasound contrast agents with an annual budget of ~$3-5M. Successfully implemented project planning and management that establis ...
Chapter 26 outline
... Some products may have potential therapeutic effects, and the vast majority cause adverse effects and drug interactions Because some of these products have pharmacologically active ingredients, the dental health professional should acknowledge this and treat the herbal product as a drug Copyright © ...
... Some products may have potential therapeutic effects, and the vast majority cause adverse effects and drug interactions Because some of these products have pharmacologically active ingredients, the dental health professional should acknowledge this and treat the herbal product as a drug Copyright © ...
Chemistry Fall 2014 Review
... d. None of the above. ____ 11. The branch of chemistry called analytical chemistry most likely would be used in determining the a. economic effects of a new substance. b. chemical composition of a new substance. c. effect of a chemical compound on living things. d. uses of a particular metal. ____ 1 ...
... d. None of the above. ____ 11. The branch of chemistry called analytical chemistry most likely would be used in determining the a. economic effects of a new substance. b. chemical composition of a new substance. c. effect of a chemical compound on living things. d. uses of a particular metal. ____ 1 ...
MORPHINE
... Morphine, like other opiates including Heroin, acts on the central nervous system as an opioid receptor agonist. It binds to and activates the ?-opioid receptors in the central nervous system. Within the brain, the ? -opioid receptors are concentrated in the thalamic, hypothalamic, and amygdalar reg ...
... Morphine, like other opiates including Heroin, acts on the central nervous system as an opioid receptor agonist. It binds to and activates the ?-opioid receptors in the central nervous system. Within the brain, the ? -opioid receptors are concentrated in the thalamic, hypothalamic, and amygdalar reg ...
ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE ACTIVITIES OF COMPLEXES OF NARINGIN WITH CO (II) METAL... search
... Co(Ac)2.4H2O and methanol solution of naringin in 1:2 molar ratio (metal salt/ligand ratio). Ligands are deprotonated by ammonia solution. The structure of Co(II) complex was characterized by UVVIS and FTIR measurement. The UV-VIS experiment was carried in pH-6.2 solution. Free naringin exhibits an ...
... Co(Ac)2.4H2O and methanol solution of naringin in 1:2 molar ratio (metal salt/ligand ratio). Ligands are deprotonated by ammonia solution. The structure of Co(II) complex was characterized by UVVIS and FTIR measurement. The UV-VIS experiment was carried in pH-6.2 solution. Free naringin exhibits an ...
Drug discovery
In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.