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Just What the Doctor Ordered: Using SAS to Calculate Patient Drug Dose with Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Prescription Data
Just What the Doctor Ordered: Using SAS to Calculate Patient Drug Dose with Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Prescription Data

... The drug prescription data in the outpatient oncology EMR are complicated, both in terms of the structure of the EMR data and in the actual drug treatment patterns. These EMR data describe complex chemotherapy regimens used to treat cancer patients, where each chemotherapy regimen might consist of m ...
the role of the drug regulatory agencies about the interaction
the role of the drug regulatory agencies about the interaction

... the FDA(2) calls for a critical appraisal of their place in therapy, which is crucial to be addressed especially in haemorrhagic high-risk patients.  Finally, from a practical point of view, both clopidogrel and omeprazole are very useful drugs when used appropriately, being a first-line treatment ...
Clinical and experimental studies on theophylline
Clinical and experimental studies on theophylline

... • Few, particularly those related to oral steroids and theophylline, were intolerable and required dose reduction • Causality assessment showed that most were in the probable category (score from 5 - 8) • Some effects of oral theophylline and steroids were having scores > 9 (highly probable) ...
Document
Document

... therapeutic options; 2) is relatively free of side effects; and 3) is realistic in terms of probability of adherence • Epidemiologic goals: Reduce HIV transmission ...
Elimination of Toxicants
Elimination of Toxicants

... Lipid Content. As a general but not universal rule, the ability of organisms to store energy as fat increases with increased size of the organism. Thus large organisms tend to have significant lipid stores into which lipophilic chemicals can be stored for extended periods of time. These stored chemi ...
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access

... Some of these effects could be related to sex hormones but other mechanisms may be involved [14]. The activity of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) and renal excretion show differences [13] and CBZ uses the CYP system whereas OXC uses the renal system so both could have an influence. Our main finding sugges ...
Determining safe antibiotics for drug hypersensitive patients with the
Determining safe antibiotics for drug hypersensitive patients with the

... rarely anaphylaxis. The reactions occur within minutes to hours generally on second exposure to the drug after the development of sensitisation during the initial exposure1. Medical history is the most important step in the evaluation of antibiotic hypersensitivity and in differential diagnosis of o ...
transdermal patches based on solid lipid
transdermal patches based on solid lipid

...  Ex-vivo permeation studies predicted high cumulative amount of drug permeated by using nanoparticles made by polymethacrylic acid.  Histopathological studies confirm that M-SLN transdermal patches is biocompatible for use.  When prescribing transdermal Metformin, one advantage and key point is t ...
as PDF
as PDF

... possess some advantages over other salts such as producing higher melting point of the sulfonated API. This helps to enhance the stability and provide good solubility and may have certain in vivo advantages as well. For instance, in contrast to other salts of strong acids, mesylates do not have a te ...
ESCHERICHIA COLI
ESCHERICHIA COLI

... metabolites (organic compounds) that are not involved in the organism’s growth, development or reproduction [10, 11]. They vary structurally and most of them are distributed among a very limited number of plant species [12]. Secondary metabolites help in the plant defense system against herbivores a ...
Ars Pharmaceutica - Facultad de Farmacia
Ars Pharmaceutica - Facultad de Farmacia

... Treatment of a disease in most cases requires maintaining a desired drug plasma concentration level over a prolonged period of time. Such clinical needs often are satisfied by a multiple dose therapy, which can involve frequently dosing of two to four doses per day. The most common approach to minim ...
5 µm
5 µm

Drug Testing in the Workplace - Alliance Occupational Medicine
Drug Testing in the Workplace - Alliance Occupational Medicine

... the collector believes that any items were brought specifically with the intent to adulterate or substitute the specimen, the collector shall conduct the collection under direct observation. 5. The collector will instruct the donor to wash and dry his/her hands. 6. The collector will provide the don ...
BASS & ULLMAN, E G.
BASS & ULLMAN, E G.

... Schedule IV “be supplied or dispensed for use by individuals As a signatory to pursuant to medical prescription only. . . .“ the Convention, if the WHO recommendations are adopted by the CND, the United States would be obligated to reclassify ephedrine as a prescription only substance, an action whi ...
Discussion - AHCC Published Research
Discussion - AHCC Published Research

... Acute liver injury model was used in this experiment to find a protecting effect of AHCC on liver. AHCC is known to have immune stimulate effect or anti-tumor effect as bioactivity, and it is expected to have another various activities in plant polysaccharide like AHCC. It is considered that this ex ...
Trends in Hospital Inpatient Drug Costs: Issues and Challenges
Trends in Hospital Inpatient Drug Costs: Issues and Challenges

... These price increases are extremely troublesome throughout the health care system. They not only threaten patient access to drug therapies, but also challenge providers’ abilities to provide the highest quality of care. Drug costs also are a major factor in the rising cost of health care coverage. H ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... parasites con¢ned to the mucosa, poor absorption may enhance rather than diminish e¤cacy. However, caution must be exercised when comparing the metabolism of di¡erent drugs in rats and mice where such di¡erences could be related more to animal than structural di¡erences of the compounds [16]. The pa ...
CLASS X carbon and its compound
CLASS X carbon and its compound

... there can exist two or more organic compounds, with different physical and chemical properties, due to the difference in arrangement of carbon atoms in their structure, but have same chemical formula is called isomerism. 14. Homologous series : A group of members of the same class of organic compoun ...
Prolonged hallucinations and dissociative self mutilation following
Prolonged hallucinations and dissociative self mutilation following

... was lithium 900 mg, loxapine 15 mg, clonidine 0.1 mg, fluoxetine 10 mg, and lipitor 10 mg (for elevated cholesterol). On a Sunday night in July, she smoked dried leaves of Salvia divinorum with two other male adolescents. The dried leaves were bought legally in a store. The legality and ease of acce ...
Metabolism 4 - DR CLEM KUEK
Metabolism 4 - DR CLEM KUEK

... Dr. Clem Kuek ...
- Jurnal UGM
- Jurnal UGM

... secondary metabolites are important to standardize and to increase quality of the TM. Over 24,000 stuctures of secondary metabolites have been isolated and evaluated its biological activities. Some of them have antinutritional and toxic effect on mammals.6 Moreover, some of plant secondary metaboli ...
GARCINIA COMBOGIA  Research Article
GARCINIA COMBOGIA Research Article

... Objective: Garcinia combogia is a plant grows throught India and southeast Asia. The fruit of the plant is a commonly used diet ingredient in India. The major objective of the study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of Garcinia combogia . Me ...
Pharmacy Council of India
Pharmacy Council of India

... (2) Each examination may be held twice every year. The first examination in a year shall be the annual examination and the second examination shall be supplementary examination. (3) The examinations shall be of written and practical (including oral nature) carrying maximum marks for each part of a s ...
this PDF file - Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Public Health
this PDF file - Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Public Health

... with hallucinogenic and dissociative effects and these are the ones sought for the voluptuary pur-pose, while the amnesic effect are exploited for drug facilitated sexual assault. Our study was car-ried out to assess the positivity for the illicit substances routinely tested and also for ketamine in ...
bicycle therapeutics announces a candidate preclinical milestone in
bicycle therapeutics announces a candidate preclinical milestone in

... available for people with diseases of the eye, particularly DME. We are rapidly moving towards the clinic, and expect to begin clinical development early in 2018.” About Bicycle Therapeutics Bicycle Therapeutics is developing a new class of medicines to treat oncology and other important diseases ba ...
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Drug discovery



In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Later chemical libraries of synthetic small molecules, natural products or extracts were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable therapeutic effect in a process known as classical pharmacology. Since sequencing of the human genome which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use high throughput screening of large compounds libraries against isolated biological targets which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as reverse pharmacology. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for efficacy.Modern drug discovery involves the identification of screening hits, medicinal chemistry and optimization of those hits to increase the affinity, selectivity (to reduce the potential of side effects), efficacy/potency, metabolic stability (to increase the half-life), and oral bioavailability. Once a compound that fulfills all of these requirements has been identified, it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials. One or more of these steps may, but not necessarily, involve computer-aided drug design. Modern drug discovery is thus usually a capital-intensive process that involves large investments by pharmaceutical industry corporations as well as national governments (who provide grants and loan guarantees). Despite advances in technology and understanding of biological systems, drug discovery is still a lengthy, ""expensive, difficult, and inefficient process"" with low rate of new therapeutic discovery. In 2010, the research and development cost of each new molecular entity (NME) was approximately US$1.8 billion. Drug discovery is done by pharmaceutical companies, with research assistance from universities. The ""final product"" of drug discovery is a patent on the potential drug. The drug requires very expensive Phase I, II and III clinical trials, and most of them fail. Small companies have a critical role, often then selling the rights to larger companies that have the resources to run the clinical trials.Discovering drugs that may be a commercial success, or a public health success, involves a complex interaction between investors, industry, academia, patent laws, regulatory exclusivity, marketing and the need to balance secrecy with communication. Meanwhile, for disorders whose rarity means that no large commercial success or public health effect can be expected, the orphan drug funding process ensures that people who experience those disorders can have some hope of pharmacotherapeutic advances.
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