Introduction to Epidemiology, Reproductive Rate
... • R = number of secondary infections from one individual • Ro = reproductive at the beginning of epidemic • R > 1 Epidemic spreads • R < 1 Epidemic dies out • R subject to changes in presence and levels of determinants of epidemic spread ...
... • R = number of secondary infections from one individual • Ro = reproductive at the beginning of epidemic • R > 1 Epidemic spreads • R < 1 Epidemic dies out • R subject to changes in presence and levels of determinants of epidemic spread ...
Infectious bursal disease virus – addressing the global
... disease aggression. Poultry producers worldwide should now seriously consider taking steps to institute effective biosecurity programmes to exclude disease carrying vectors from entering the farm environment. While the cost of endemic disease is significant the cost of subclinical disease must not b ...
... disease aggression. Poultry producers worldwide should now seriously consider taking steps to institute effective biosecurity programmes to exclude disease carrying vectors from entering the farm environment. While the cost of endemic disease is significant the cost of subclinical disease must not b ...
Patterns of polio infection
... • Definite diagnosis for EBV infection is to detect EBV- IgM antibody in the serum by the lab. • Differential diagnosis of EBV infection are CMV, adenovirus,, and toxoplasmosis, all these shows lymphocytosis, and even atypical lymphocytes, but negative EBV ...
... • Definite diagnosis for EBV infection is to detect EBV- IgM antibody in the serum by the lab. • Differential diagnosis of EBV infection are CMV, adenovirus,, and toxoplasmosis, all these shows lymphocytosis, and even atypical lymphocytes, but negative EBV ...
Swine-origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus: An Update
... global pandemic. In the present scenario, the swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) infection, a reassorted influenza virus was first reported from Mexico in March 18, 2009.1 The spread rapidly occurred to neighboring United States and Canada and from there on to the rest of the world. On Ap ...
... global pandemic. In the present scenario, the swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) infection, a reassorted influenza virus was first reported from Mexico in March 18, 2009.1 The spread rapidly occurred to neighboring United States and Canada and from there on to the rest of the world. On Ap ...
health hazards- diseases, toxins and pollution ppt
... intermediate host of pathogens/parasites. Examples – mosquitoes, birds, fleas, ticks ...
... intermediate host of pathogens/parasites. Examples – mosquitoes, birds, fleas, ticks ...
Slide 1 - WordPress.com
... Many cases of HAV infection are asymptomatic, particularly in children. When disease is evident, hepatitis A infection is usually a mild illness. Initial symptoms include headache, fatigue, fever, poor appetite, abdominal discomfort, nausea and vomiting. After a week or so, viraemia (where the viru ...
... Many cases of HAV infection are asymptomatic, particularly in children. When disease is evident, hepatitis A infection is usually a mild illness. Initial symptoms include headache, fatigue, fever, poor appetite, abdominal discomfort, nausea and vomiting. After a week or so, viraemia (where the viru ...
MI1-- : “Modern Plagues”
... McNeill, W. 1977. “Plagues and People.” Anchor Books, New York. As the publication date might suggest, this book deals more with the historical plagues than the modern variety. As such, it is an efficient way to delve into the historical context of the most famous plagues and how they came to arise, ...
... McNeill, W. 1977. “Plagues and People.” Anchor Books, New York. As the publication date might suggest, this book deals more with the historical plagues than the modern variety. As such, it is an efficient way to delve into the historical context of the most famous plagues and how they came to arise, ...
Ebola, a Deadly Viral Disease affecting the West African Country of
... results confirmed in few days. • 1 in 5 infections occur during victim burial & death (WHO, 2014). ...
... results confirmed in few days. • 1 in 5 infections occur during victim burial & death (WHO, 2014). ...
infectious bursal disease
... Delaware (U.S.A.) where first descriptions took place). Synonym is Infectious Avian Nephrosis. It is a highly contagious disease, caused by a Birna virus. The virus is widespread and is present in almost all areas of intensive poultry farming. Two serotypes (I and II) are known, type I is the most c ...
... Delaware (U.S.A.) where first descriptions took place). Synonym is Infectious Avian Nephrosis. It is a highly contagious disease, caused by a Birna virus. The virus is widespread and is present in almost all areas of intensive poultry farming. Two serotypes (I and II) are known, type I is the most c ...
Estimation of the reproductive number of the Spanish flu
... curve of the cumulative number of influenza cases of the first and second waves of the 1918 influenza pandemic in Geneva, Switzerland [7]. The advantage of using the cumulative over the daily number of new notifications is that the former somewhat smoothes out known reporting delays on weekends and ...
... curve of the cumulative number of influenza cases of the first and second waves of the 1918 influenza pandemic in Geneva, Switzerland [7]. The advantage of using the cumulative over the daily number of new notifications is that the former somewhat smoothes out known reporting delays on weekends and ...
Human Ecology
... • Definition -Infectious agents transmitted to humans through action of another species (often arthropods) • Examples: Lyme disease, bubonic plague, WNV, malaria, Rabies, many others . . . . . • Also non vector-borne diseases (e.g. Cholera, influenza, HIV-AIDS ...
... • Definition -Infectious agents transmitted to humans through action of another species (often arthropods) • Examples: Lyme disease, bubonic plague, WNV, malaria, Rabies, many others . . . . . • Also non vector-borne diseases (e.g. Cholera, influenza, HIV-AIDS ...
Overview of Category A Bioterrorism Agents
... – Incomplete protection for inhalational tularemia ...
... – Incomplete protection for inhalational tularemia ...
General Infectious Diseases
... h. Soft tissue infections i. Parasitic infestations and travel related infections j. Bone and Joint infections k. Post-operative infections l. Pneumonias m. Infections in immune compromised hosts including solid organ and bone marrow transplant n. Positive PPD skin test o. Infection with Tuberculosi ...
... h. Soft tissue infections i. Parasitic infestations and travel related infections j. Bone and Joint infections k. Post-operative infections l. Pneumonias m. Infections in immune compromised hosts including solid organ and bone marrow transplant n. Positive PPD skin test o. Infection with Tuberculosi ...
Influenza - WordPress.com
... • Common symptoms of the flu such as fever, headaches, and fatigue are the result of the huge amounts of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (such as interferon or tumor necrosis factor) produced from influenza infected cells. • In contrast to the rhinovirus that causes the common cold, influe ...
... • Common symptoms of the flu such as fever, headaches, and fatigue are the result of the huge amounts of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (such as interferon or tumor necrosis factor) produced from influenza infected cells. • In contrast to the rhinovirus that causes the common cold, influe ...
Chikungunya Virus
... Outbreaks are sporadic and explosive. The number of cases varies depending on the immunity of the exposed population. It has been estimated that about 40% of the 700,000 residents of Reunion Island were infected during the 2005-2007 epidemic, and as part of the same outbreak, a subsequent 1.3 millio ...
... Outbreaks are sporadic and explosive. The number of cases varies depending on the immunity of the exposed population. It has been estimated that about 40% of the 700,000 residents of Reunion Island were infected during the 2005-2007 epidemic, and as part of the same outbreak, a subsequent 1.3 millio ...
Infectious Disease
... and in conformity with WHO guidelines b) Section 10 of the Coroner’s Act states that the coroner’s office must be notified if a patient dies after some mishap such as leaving an instrument in the body at surgery c) diseases which be reported to the local medical officer of health include AIDS, food ...
... and in conformity with WHO guidelines b) Section 10 of the Coroner’s Act states that the coroner’s office must be notified if a patient dies after some mishap such as leaving an instrument in the body at surgery c) diseases which be reported to the local medical officer of health include AIDS, food ...
孙桂全 - 第六届全国复杂网络学术会议
... Courchamp, 2006; Packer et al., 2003), where is the sum of susceptible in the neighborhood. ...
... Courchamp, 2006; Packer et al., 2003), where is the sum of susceptible in the neighborhood. ...
medication ex.) antibiotics (to kill the bacteria)
... in tissues of the lung The most common symptoms are shortness of breath, coughing (including coughing up blood), and weight loss. ...
... in tissues of the lung The most common symptoms are shortness of breath, coughing (including coughing up blood), and weight loss. ...
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
... Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus is a RNA virus of geneus Nairovirus, from the Family Bunyaviridae. The disease it caused is called CCHF because it was first discovered in Crimea in 1994, so Crimean was given as part of the name; also, in 1956, the same pathogen caused a similar illness ...
... Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus is a RNA virus of geneus Nairovirus, from the Family Bunyaviridae. The disease it caused is called CCHF because it was first discovered in Crimea in 1994, so Crimean was given as part of the name; also, in 1956, the same pathogen caused a similar illness ...
Swine Flu - Union University
... after your fever is gone except to get medical care or for other necessities. (Your fever should be gone without the use of a feverreducing medicine.) Keep away from others as much as possible. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. Put your used tissue in the waste b ...
... after your fever is gone except to get medical care or for other necessities. (Your fever should be gone without the use of a feverreducing medicine.) Keep away from others as much as possible. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. Put your used tissue in the waste b ...
Pandemic
A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.