Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
... Stars change over their life cycle Classify stars by their characteristics Like our Sun, stars are huge balls of glowing gas that produce energy by fusion Stars look like small points of light because they are very far away Amount of light from a star and distance determine brightness to us ...
... Stars change over their life cycle Classify stars by their characteristics Like our Sun, stars are huge balls of glowing gas that produce energy by fusion Stars look like small points of light because they are very far away Amount of light from a star and distance determine brightness to us ...
H. Other Methods of Determining Stellar Distances
... • Recall that as the Earth revolves around the Sun, it changes its position in space by a distance of 2 astronomical units -- 186 million miles. • This causes the nearer stars to exhibit parallax, i.e., to appear to move back and forth slightly against the background of the more distant stars. (Ch. ...
... • Recall that as the Earth revolves around the Sun, it changes its position in space by a distance of 2 astronomical units -- 186 million miles. • This causes the nearer stars to exhibit parallax, i.e., to appear to move back and forth slightly against the background of the more distant stars. (Ch. ...
SW - Calculating Magnitudes
... We have seen how apparent magnitude describes how bright an object is to an observer and why the apparent brightness of a star varies in relation to its distance from Earth. However, in order to determine how bright an object is relative to other objects in the Universe, we must account for the obje ...
... We have seen how apparent magnitude describes how bright an object is to an observer and why the apparent brightness of a star varies in relation to its distance from Earth. However, in order to determine how bright an object is relative to other objects in the Universe, we must account for the obje ...
Astronomy Universe2
... What is a Main Sequence Star? • The H-R diagram represents a pattern that was discovered that allows stars to be compared by brightness and color. • The majority of stars are found in a band stretching diagonally across the diagram called the “Main Sequence”. • Stars start out in the Main Sequence ...
... What is a Main Sequence Star? • The H-R diagram represents a pattern that was discovered that allows stars to be compared by brightness and color. • The majority of stars are found in a band stretching diagonally across the diagram called the “Main Sequence”. • Stars start out in the Main Sequence ...
Chapter 9 “The Family of Stars “
... No, the parallax of the star is never measured. The first step in determining the distance to a star using spectroscopic parallax is to obtain a spectrum of the star from which its spectral type and luminosity class can be determined. The absorption lines that are present can be used to determine th ...
... No, the parallax of the star is never measured. The first step in determining the distance to a star using spectroscopic parallax is to obtain a spectrum of the star from which its spectral type and luminosity class can be determined. The absorption lines that are present can be used to determine th ...
Astronomy Lab #5
... one year or 5,900,000,000,000 (5.9 trillion) miles.] Astronomers believe there are about 200 billion stars within our galaxy (counting to 200 billion would take you 3,000 years if you were to count two numbers per second and never stop for a break.) Everything you see with the naked eye in the night ...
... one year or 5,900,000,000,000 (5.9 trillion) miles.] Astronomers believe there are about 200 billion stars within our galaxy (counting to 200 billion would take you 3,000 years if you were to count two numbers per second and never stop for a break.) Everything you see with the naked eye in the night ...
Measuring Radii and Temperatures of Stars
... log R log r 2PV ( B V ) 0.2mV 7.460 • PV(B-V) is known as the “surface brightness function” • Calibrate with directly measured diameters ...
... log R log r 2PV ( B V ) 0.2mV 7.460 • PV(B-V) is known as the “surface brightness function” • Calibrate with directly measured diameters ...
answer key
... 2. What is a parsec? Compare it with the astronomical unit. Astronomers measure parallax in arc seconds rather than in degrees. If we ask at what distance a star must lie in order for its observed parallax to be exactly 1", we get an answer of 206,265 A.U., or 3.1 1016 m. Astronomers call this dista ...
... 2. What is a parsec? Compare it with the astronomical unit. Astronomers measure parallax in arc seconds rather than in degrees. If we ask at what distance a star must lie in order for its observed parallax to be exactly 1", we get an answer of 206,265 A.U., or 3.1 1016 m. Astronomers call this dista ...
Chapter 12
... 1. Binary stars are important because they allow us to measure stellar masses using Kepler’s third law as modified by Newton. 2. Knowledge of the size of one of the star’s ellipses, along with knowledge of the period of its motion, permits calculation of the total mass of the two stars. 3. To determ ...
... 1. Binary stars are important because they allow us to measure stellar masses using Kepler’s third law as modified by Newton. 2. Knowledge of the size of one of the star’s ellipses, along with knowledge of the period of its motion, permits calculation of the total mass of the two stars. 3. To determ ...
red giant - Teacher Pages
... measured in light-years - the distance that light travels in one earth year 2. The closest stars to Earth are 4.3 light-years away ...
... measured in light-years - the distance that light travels in one earth year 2. The closest stars to Earth are 4.3 light-years away ...
STARS Chapter 8 Section 1
... with parallax**** • Parallax is the object’s apparent shift in motion when viewed from different locations. It is an optical effect. • Astronomers can measure parallax and use it to calculate exact distances to stars. • Does the man on the right(V2) see the moon as closer or farther away than the ma ...
... with parallax**** • Parallax is the object’s apparent shift in motion when viewed from different locations. It is an optical effect. • Astronomers can measure parallax and use it to calculate exact distances to stars. • Does the man on the right(V2) see the moon as closer or farther away than the ma ...
A Star is “Born,” and then How Will it Move
... Note this ignores effects of gas (ram) pressure, and assumes stars move ballistically, which is not true for the youngest stars that carry gaseous structures with them. ...
... Note this ignores effects of gas (ram) pressure, and assumes stars move ballistically, which is not true for the youngest stars that carry gaseous structures with them. ...
Diameter of the Milky Way
... The Moon is made of green cheese. Atomic nuclei are the smallest particles in nature. A magnet will pick up a copper penny. Cosmic rays cannot penetrate the thickness of your Conceptual ...
... The Moon is made of green cheese. Atomic nuclei are the smallest particles in nature. A magnet will pick up a copper penny. Cosmic rays cannot penetrate the thickness of your Conceptual ...
Quiz 1: Answers Physics 55: Introduction to
... Please circle “T” for true or “F” for false to indicate the truth of the following statements. 1. T / F All the moons in our solar system are smaller than the smallest planet Pluto. Answer: F. See Figure 12.16 on page 345 of the text which I also showed and discussed in lecture. The solar system has ...
... Please circle “T” for true or “F” for false to indicate the truth of the following statements. 1. T / F All the moons in our solar system are smaller than the smallest planet Pluto. Answer: F. See Figure 12.16 on page 345 of the text which I also showed and discussed in lecture. The solar system has ...
Week 6
... Announcements •Homework: Chapter 13 # 45, 48, 49 & 50 •Exam 2 is next time. Will cover telescope and lens stuff from last week and distance-luminosity-brightness stuff from today. ...
... Announcements •Homework: Chapter 13 # 45, 48, 49 & 50 •Exam 2 is next time. Will cover telescope and lens stuff from last week and distance-luminosity-brightness stuff from today. ...
Introduction to Astronomy
... “We understand the possibility of determining [celestial bodies’] shapes, their distances, their sizes and motions, whereas never, by any means, will we be able to study their chemical composition. --Auguste Comte (philosopher), 1835 ...
... “We understand the possibility of determining [celestial bodies’] shapes, their distances, their sizes and motions, whereas never, by any means, will we be able to study their chemical composition. --Auguste Comte (philosopher), 1835 ...
Star names and magnitudes
... And thereafter, stars are further subclassified using the numbers 0-9: O B A F G K M R N S ...
... And thereafter, stars are further subclassified using the numbers 0-9: O B A F G K M R N S ...
Chapter #10 Question #27: (c) Four individual protons. During
... (a) They are cooler than their surroundings. Sunspots occur where the magnetic field lines loop out of the solar interior. These magnetic field lines suppress convection within the sunspot from occurring. As a result, the hot plasma is unable to enter the region. The sunspot plasma is cooler than th ...
... (a) They are cooler than their surroundings. Sunspots occur where the magnetic field lines loop out of the solar interior. These magnetic field lines suppress convection within the sunspot from occurring. As a result, the hot plasma is unable to enter the region. The sunspot plasma is cooler than th ...
The Milky Way Galaxy
... velocities of those globular clusters were ~250 km/s, much higher than the mass of the smaller Kapteyn galaxy model would require. So the galaxy must contain more stars (and mass) than Kapteyn originally thought in order to keep the star clusters from flying off. ...
... velocities of those globular clusters were ~250 km/s, much higher than the mass of the smaller Kapteyn galaxy model would require. So the galaxy must contain more stars (and mass) than Kapteyn originally thought in order to keep the star clusters from flying off. ...
MilkyWay
... velocities of those globular clusters were ~250 km/s, much higher than the mass of the smaller Kapteyn galaxy model would require. So the galaxy must contain more stars (and mass) than Kapteyn originally thought in order to keep the star clusters from flying off. ...
... velocities of those globular clusters were ~250 km/s, much higher than the mass of the smaller Kapteyn galaxy model would require. So the galaxy must contain more stars (and mass) than Kapteyn originally thought in order to keep the star clusters from flying off. ...
Supernova worksheet ()
... Leaves behind a neutron star or black hole Creates heavy elements (including stuff humans are made of) Almost always has a standard, predictable luminosity ...
... Leaves behind a neutron star or black hole Creates heavy elements (including stuff humans are made of) Almost always has a standard, predictable luminosity ...
Cosmic distance ladder
The cosmic distance ladder (also known as the extragalactic distance scale) is the succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects. A real direct distance measurement of an astronomical object is possible only for those objects that are ""close enough"" (within about a thousand parsecs) to Earth. The techniques for determining distances to more distant objects are all based on various measured correlations between methods that work at close distances and methods that work at larger distances. Several methods rely on a standard candle, which is an astronomical object that has a known luminosity.The ladder analogy arises because no one technique can measure distances at all ranges encountered in astronomy. Instead, one method can be used to measure nearby distances, a second can be used to measure nearby to intermediate distances, and so on. Each rung of the ladder provides information that can be used to determine the distances at the next higher rung.