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... Note: The myelin sheath is not actually a neuronal structure, but is part of the oligodendrocyte’s membrane (one of the three glial cell types) which ensheaths the neuron’s axon. ...
... Note: The myelin sheath is not actually a neuronal structure, but is part of the oligodendrocyte’s membrane (one of the three glial cell types) which ensheaths the neuron’s axon. ...
Appendix S1 Relation of local short
... contribute to local EEG considerably and others insignificantly. What is the contribution of volume conduction effect in this context? Firstly, volume conduction effect is distance dependent: the larger the distance of the recording electrode from the current source, the less informative the measure ...
... contribute to local EEG considerably and others insignificantly. What is the contribution of volume conduction effect in this context? Firstly, volume conduction effect is distance dependent: the larger the distance of the recording electrode from the current source, the less informative the measure ...
Encoding of Rules by Neurons in the Human Dorsolateral Prefrontal
... humans is still poorly understood, in part because of the lack of availability of single-neuronal recordings. In addition, it is challenging to establish whether abstract rules are similarly represented in humans who often process sensory cues under complex analogical contexts that may not be easily ...
... humans is still poorly understood, in part because of the lack of availability of single-neuronal recordings. In addition, it is challenging to establish whether abstract rules are similarly represented in humans who often process sensory cues under complex analogical contexts that may not be easily ...
Structure-function relationship in hierarchical model of brain networks
... The mammalian brain is, with its numerous neural elements and structured complex connectivity, one of the most complex systems in nature. Recently, large-scale corticocortical connectivities, both structural and functional, have received a great deal of research attention, especially using the appro ...
... The mammalian brain is, with its numerous neural elements and structured complex connectivity, one of the most complex systems in nature. Recently, large-scale corticocortical connectivities, both structural and functional, have received a great deal of research attention, especially using the appro ...
Microstructure of the neocortex: Comparative aspects
... the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, ...
... the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, ...
Can the Psycho-Emotional State be Optimized by Regular Use of
... impact of training. Therefore, here we explored the effect of selfguided emotion-centered imagery, trying to answer not only the question “whether”, according to the subjects, there was an effect on their state of emotional well-being, but also “how” functioning of the brain was affected by training ...
... impact of training. Therefore, here we explored the effect of selfguided emotion-centered imagery, trying to answer not only the question “whether”, according to the subjects, there was an effect on their state of emotional well-being, but also “how” functioning of the brain was affected by training ...
make motor neuron posters now
... connected by brainstem. A. The organs of the central nervous system are surrounded by bones, membranes, and fluid ...
... connected by brainstem. A. The organs of the central nervous system are surrounded by bones, membranes, and fluid ...
Ontogeny, Compartmentation, and Turnover of Spectrin lsoforms in
... knowledge of the assembly, organization, and metabolism of skeletal proteins is essential to understanding the molecular basis of neuronal form and function. While studies of neuronal structural proteins have long been directed at the microtubules, neurofilaments, and actin filaments (Wuerker and Ki ...
... knowledge of the assembly, organization, and metabolism of skeletal proteins is essential to understanding the molecular basis of neuronal form and function. While studies of neuronal structural proteins have long been directed at the microtubules, neurofilaments, and actin filaments (Wuerker and Ki ...
Neuroscience, Fifth Edition
... BOX 18B HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE 411 BOX 18C DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION 412 BOX 18D BASAL GANGLIA LOOPS AND NON-MOTOR ...
... BOX 18B HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE 411 BOX 18C DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION 412 BOX 18D BASAL GANGLIA LOOPS AND NON-MOTOR ...
Short frontal lobe connections of the human brain
... gyri and sulci of the human brain, but he was not able to visualize their entire course and terminal projections. In more recent years the study of U-shaped connections continued in animals by means of axonal tracing studies. Yeterian et al. (2012) give a comprehensive account of the short frontal l ...
... gyri and sulci of the human brain, but he was not able to visualize their entire course and terminal projections. In more recent years the study of U-shaped connections continued in animals by means of axonal tracing studies. Yeterian et al. (2012) give a comprehensive account of the short frontal l ...
Ramayya, A. G., Zaghloul, K. A., Weidemann, C. T., Baltuch, G. H.
... the observed learning-related neural and behavioral patterns were presumed to reflect the function of a healthy subpopulation of DA neurons in the region. Although histochemical studies have shown that DA and GABA neurons co-exist in the human SN (Damier et al., 1999a), a functional dissociation bet ...
... the observed learning-related neural and behavioral patterns were presumed to reflect the function of a healthy subpopulation of DA neurons in the region. Although histochemical studies have shown that DA and GABA neurons co-exist in the human SN (Damier et al., 1999a), a functional dissociation bet ...
Development of the human cerebral cortex: Boulder Committee
... fundamental zones are termed the ventricular, subventricular, intermediate, and marginal zones. Each is defined according to the form, behaviour, and fate of its constituent cells. All neurons and macroglia of the central nervous system can be derived from these developmental zones. Thus, the commit ...
... fundamental zones are termed the ventricular, subventricular, intermediate, and marginal zones. Each is defined according to the form, behaviour, and fate of its constituent cells. All neurons and macroglia of the central nervous system can be derived from these developmental zones. Thus, the commit ...
Basic functional neuroanatomy
... and to communicate with every physician. It is a remarkably resilient system, but its importance to the body's economy is so great that the effects of disease can be devastating. ...
... and to communicate with every physician. It is a remarkably resilient system, but its importance to the body's economy is so great that the effects of disease can be devastating. ...
Diffusion Tensor Imaging - Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory
... The individual DTI images are scaled to a standard space and aligned either to each other or to a standard image. After aligning the individual images, a three-dimensional map is created which then contains the mean of all individuals. This map can be used to calculate the mean skeleton representing ...
... The individual DTI images are scaled to a standard space and aligned either to each other or to a standard image. After aligning the individual images, a three-dimensional map is created which then contains the mean of all individuals. This map can be used to calculate the mean skeleton representing ...
Neurophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Auditory Image
... & Evans, 1996). In their tasks, mentally scanning through a melody results in superior temporal gyrus (STG) and right frontal lobe activations. The auditory cortex lies along the STG. The frontal lobes are widely implicated in memory retrieval processes (Goldman-Rakic 1996). The observation that the ...
... & Evans, 1996). In their tasks, mentally scanning through a melody results in superior temporal gyrus (STG) and right frontal lobe activations. The auditory cortex lies along the STG. The frontal lobes are widely implicated in memory retrieval processes (Goldman-Rakic 1996). The observation that the ...
Neurological Principles and Rehabilitation of Action Disorders
... are implemented in tbe brain. Feed-forward control relies on 2 flavors of internal models: forward and inverse. Given the motor command, the forward model predicts the sensory consequence of this command, in effect mimicking the movements of the body in parallel with actual movements. A dramatic exa ...
... are implemented in tbe brain. Feed-forward control relies on 2 flavors of internal models: forward and inverse. Given the motor command, the forward model predicts the sensory consequence of this command, in effect mimicking the movements of the body in parallel with actual movements. A dramatic exa ...
Metal Ions in Alzheimer`s Disease Brain
... by metals like aluminium [6]. This is the basis for the “Metals Hypothesis of AD”, which states that maintenance of metal homeostasis is crucial for neuronal function [7]. There is evidence to support that alteration of metal ion homeostasis leads to neuronal death. Redox metal ions are instrumental ...
... by metals like aluminium [6]. This is the basis for the “Metals Hypothesis of AD”, which states that maintenance of metal homeostasis is crucial for neuronal function [7]. There is evidence to support that alteration of metal ion homeostasis leads to neuronal death. Redox metal ions are instrumental ...
How Is the Brain Organized?
... appearance. The rat brain is smooth, whereas the other brains have furrows in the cerebral cortex. The pattern of furrows differs considerably in the human, the monkey, and the cat. The cat brain and, to some extent, the monkey brain have long folds that appear to run much of the length of the brain ...
... appearance. The rat brain is smooth, whereas the other brains have furrows in the cerebral cortex. The pattern of furrows differs considerably in the human, the monkey, and the cat. The cat brain and, to some extent, the monkey brain have long folds that appear to run much of the length of the brain ...
A Model for Delay Activity Without Recurrent Excitation
... must be selected, information must be stored into it and retrieved from it, and it is likely that the control of such operations is performed by gating circuits which are very much like the ones described in this model. It is also well known that inhibition plays a role in working memory and that di ...
... must be selected, information must be stored into it and retrieved from it, and it is likely that the control of such operations is performed by gating circuits which are very much like the ones described in this model. It is also well known that inhibition plays a role in working memory and that di ...
Habit formation
... arises in medium spiny projection neurons as animals acquire the T-maze task is one in which the activity accentuates the boundaries of the maze runs. The majority of task-responsive neurons exhibit a burst of firing activity as the run is initiated, or as the run is completed, or both, resulting i ...
... arises in medium spiny projection neurons as animals acquire the T-maze task is one in which the activity accentuates the boundaries of the maze runs. The majority of task-responsive neurons exhibit a burst of firing activity as the run is initiated, or as the run is completed, or both, resulting i ...
Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms and Related Sex Differences in
... In spite of the convergence on the same brain regions, inconsistencies in the direction of OCD effects have been reported for volumetric differences of the implicated brain areas (larger vs. smaller) as well as their metabolism (hypo- or hyperactivation; Friedlander & Desrocher, 2006; Menzies et al. ...
... In spite of the convergence on the same brain regions, inconsistencies in the direction of OCD effects have been reported for volumetric differences of the implicated brain areas (larger vs. smaller) as well as their metabolism (hypo- or hyperactivation; Friedlander & Desrocher, 2006; Menzies et al. ...
- Philsci
... prosthesis. Second, I will argue that the stimulation-connection method differs in some key aspects from the simulative, synthetic method widely adopted in theoretically oriented Artificial Intelligence and machine-supported cognitive (neuro)science (as well as in simulation-replacement bionic studi ...
... prosthesis. Second, I will argue that the stimulation-connection method differs in some key aspects from the simulative, synthetic method widely adopted in theoretically oriented Artificial Intelligence and machine-supported cognitive (neuro)science (as well as in simulation-replacement bionic studi ...
Nervous System Ch 9
... matter (that is nerve fibers arranged in bundles called tracts) • Functions of the cerebrum—mental processes of all types, including sensations, consciousness, memory, and voluntary control of movements Copyright © 2005, 2002, 1997, 1992 by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
... matter (that is nerve fibers arranged in bundles called tracts) • Functions of the cerebrum—mental processes of all types, including sensations, consciousness, memory, and voluntary control of movements Copyright © 2005, 2002, 1997, 1992 by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
Introduction to the Brain presenter notes
... Slide 12: Activation of the reward pathway by an electrical stimulus The discovery of the reward pathway was achieved with the help of animals such as rats. Rats were trained to press a lever for a tiny electrical jolt to certain parts of the brain. Show that when an electrode is placed in the nucl ...
... Slide 12: Activation of the reward pathway by an electrical stimulus The discovery of the reward pathway was achieved with the help of animals such as rats. Rats were trained to press a lever for a tiny electrical jolt to certain parts of the brain. Show that when an electrode is placed in the nucl ...
5-28-2007
... limbs of the diagonal band, and in the sublenticular basal forebrain can be easily delineated in histological sections stained with a modified Gallyas’s silver method for cell bodies (Merker, 1983). This method has been proven as an excellent marker for cytoarchitectonic studies (Uylings et al., 19 ...
... limbs of the diagonal band, and in the sublenticular basal forebrain can be easily delineated in histological sections stained with a modified Gallyas’s silver method for cell bodies (Merker, 1983). This method has been proven as an excellent marker for cytoarchitectonic studies (Uylings et al., 19 ...
Connectome
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/White_Matter_Connections_Obtained_with_MRI_Tractography.png?width=300)
A connectome is a comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its ""wiring diagram"". More broadly, a connectome would include the mapping of all neural connections within an organism's nervous system.The production and study of connectomes, known as connectomics, may range in scale from a detailed map of the full set of neurons and synapses within part or all of the nervous system of an organism to a macro scale description of the functional and structural connectivity between all cortical areas and subcortical structures. The term ""connectome"" is used primarily in scientific efforts to capture, map, and understand the organization of neural interactions within the brain.Research has successfully constructed the full connectome of one animal: the roundworm C. elegans (White et al., 1986, Varshney et al., 2011). Partial connectomes of a mouse retina and mouse primary visual cortex have also been successfully constructed. Bock et al.'s complete 12TB data set is publicly available at Open Connectome Project.The ultimate goal of connectomics is to map the human brain. This effort is pursued by the Human Connectome Project, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, whose focus is to build a network map of the human brain in healthy, living adults.