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... glutamate, allowed bimodal control of neuronal membrane potential with subcellular resolution using optically independent 2P uncaging of each neurotransmitter. We used two-color, 2P uncaging to fire and block action potentials from rat hippocampal CA 1 neurons in brain slices with 720-nm and 830-nm ...
... glutamate, allowed bimodal control of neuronal membrane potential with subcellular resolution using optically independent 2P uncaging of each neurotransmitter. We used two-color, 2P uncaging to fire and block action potentials from rat hippocampal CA 1 neurons in brain slices with 720-nm and 830-nm ...
Spiking Neurons with Boltzmann-like Properties to
... There are many computational models of biological neurons, and of more complex biological neural systems composed of neurons and their connections. However, it is difficult to build neural models, which adhere to biological constraints, that perform complex computational tasks. One biological constr ...
... There are many computational models of biological neurons, and of more complex biological neural systems composed of neurons and their connections. However, it is difficult to build neural models, which adhere to biological constraints, that perform complex computational tasks. One biological constr ...
Axonogenesis in the Brain of Zebrafish Embryos
... the cell bodiesof neuronswhich have begun axonogenesis.It is likely that embryonic axons are labeled to the baseof growth conessincebroad, unlabeled processescan be seenat the distal end of labeledaxons with DIC optics (data not shown).Labeled axons are readily distinguishablefrom cilia or ependymal ...
... the cell bodiesof neuronswhich have begun axonogenesis.It is likely that embryonic axons are labeled to the baseof growth conessincebroad, unlabeled processescan be seenat the distal end of labeledaxons with DIC optics (data not shown).Labeled axons are readily distinguishablefrom cilia or ependymal ...
Variance and invariance of neuronal long
... Example brain section showing the CA1, CA2 and CA3 regions and the positions (coloured dots) of extracellular recording electrodes from Mankin et al. [67]. (b) Correlation of the activity of all longitudinally recorded cells (population vector, PV) over different time-intervals for CA1 (red), CA2 (c ...
... Example brain section showing the CA1, CA2 and CA3 regions and the positions (coloured dots) of extracellular recording electrodes from Mankin et al. [67]. (b) Correlation of the activity of all longitudinally recorded cells (population vector, PV) over different time-intervals for CA1 (red), CA2 (c ...
Large-Scale Functional Connectivity in Associative Learning
... One approach to the study of the neural basis of learning and memory involves the exploration of how multiple brain regions interact in different learned behaviors (GonzalezLima and McIntosh 1994; McIntosh and Gonzalez-Lima 1994a). Rather than focusing on particular neural structures, the approach e ...
... One approach to the study of the neural basis of learning and memory involves the exploration of how multiple brain regions interact in different learned behaviors (GonzalezLima and McIntosh 1994; McIntosh and Gonzalez-Lima 1994a). Rather than focusing on particular neural structures, the approach e ...
A quantitative description of the mouse piriform cortex
... This model requires 3 quantities before one can use it to develop theories of olfaction: the number of glomeruli, the number of neurons, and the strength of synaptic connection between any glomerulus ‘i’ and neuron ‘j’, i.e. the entry (i,j) in the connection matrix. The number of glomeruli is alread ...
... This model requires 3 quantities before one can use it to develop theories of olfaction: the number of glomeruli, the number of neurons, and the strength of synaptic connection between any glomerulus ‘i’ and neuron ‘j’, i.e. the entry (i,j) in the connection matrix. The number of glomeruli is alread ...
CNS (Ch12)
... • Three broad columns along the length of the brain stem • Has far-flung axonal connections with hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and spinal cord ...
... • Three broad columns along the length of the brain stem • Has far-flung axonal connections with hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and spinal cord ...
Region-specific effects of hypothyroidism on the relative expression
... Recent knockout and knock-in studies in mice and the use of synthetic TR agonists revealed common as well as divergent actions of the TR isoforms, indicating that the relative expression of each TR isoform in each target tissue may regulate the specific response of these tissues to T3 [25–29]. Knock ...
... Recent knockout and knock-in studies in mice and the use of synthetic TR agonists revealed common as well as divergent actions of the TR isoforms, indicating that the relative expression of each TR isoform in each target tissue may regulate the specific response of these tissues to T3 [25–29]. Knock ...
Frequency decoding of periodically timed action potentials through
... neurons that encompasses about an octave. Frequency discrimination by such a network is accordingly restricted to a spectral band of less than an octave, and many networks, each with a distinct range of temporal delays, are required to cover a broader frequency range. Where might such structures exi ...
... neurons that encompasses about an octave. Frequency discrimination by such a network is accordingly restricted to a spectral band of less than an octave, and many networks, each with a distinct range of temporal delays, are required to cover a broader frequency range. Where might such structures exi ...
Not all brains are created equal: The relevance of
... whole sample. For instance, there are sharp contrasts in outcomes observed using different current strengths, such that 1mA and 2mA of A-tDCS achieve different outcomes on cognitive tasks. One study reports reduced reaction times with prolonged but not shorter stimulation periods at 2mA, whereas rea ...
... whole sample. For instance, there are sharp contrasts in outcomes observed using different current strengths, such that 1mA and 2mA of A-tDCS achieve different outcomes on cognitive tasks. One study reports reduced reaction times with prolonged but not shorter stimulation periods at 2mA, whereas rea ...
Chapter 11: The Auditory and Vestibular Systems
... Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain, 3rd Ed, Bear, Connors, and Paradiso Copyright © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ...
... Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain, 3rd Ed, Bear, Connors, and Paradiso Copyright © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ...
Document
... discipline within the respected fields of biology and medicine. Neurology essentially affects the entire human body and the processes therein, giving it the distinction of a “systemic science”. As a result, they are both going to have significant effects on one another. This study combined these two ...
... discipline within the respected fields of biology and medicine. Neurology essentially affects the entire human body and the processes therein, giving it the distinction of a “systemic science”. As a result, they are both going to have significant effects on one another. This study combined these two ...
- White Rose Research Online
... were present during the Ediacaran period (635 to 542 mya)2 at the end of Neoproterozoic era, and are likely to have been the first animals to evolve nervous systems of any kind. There is still a great deal to be learned about the functional architecture of cnidarian nervous systems, however, existin ...
... were present during the Ediacaran period (635 to 542 mya)2 at the end of Neoproterozoic era, and are likely to have been the first animals to evolve nervous systems of any kind. There is still a great deal to be learned about the functional architecture of cnidarian nervous systems, however, existin ...
Forced moves or good tricks in design space? Landmarks in the
... were present during the Ediacaran period (635 to 542 mya)2 at the end of Neoproterozoic era, and are likely to have been the first animals to evolve nervous systems of any kind. There is still a great deal to be learned about the functional architecture of cnidarian nervous systems, however, existin ...
... were present during the Ediacaran period (635 to 542 mya)2 at the end of Neoproterozoic era, and are likely to have been the first animals to evolve nervous systems of any kind. There is still a great deal to be learned about the functional architecture of cnidarian nervous systems, however, existin ...
Mitotic Spindle Regulation by Nde1 Controls Cerebral
... are observed in deeper regions that are normally occupied by glial cells, it has been believed that the disease is primarily caused by a neuronal migration arrest during embryonic development (Kato and Dobyns, 2003). Heterozygous mutations of the LIS1 gene in human are known to account for a large f ...
... are observed in deeper regions that are normally occupied by glial cells, it has been believed that the disease is primarily caused by a neuronal migration arrest during embryonic development (Kato and Dobyns, 2003). Heterozygous mutations of the LIS1 gene in human are known to account for a large f ...
interactions between number and space in parietal cortex
... synaesthesia for numbers, using rigorous psychophysical and neuroimaging protocols, might further illuminate our understanding of the connections between numbers and space31,32. In summary, various protocols indicate that numbers automatically elicit task-, modality- and effectorindependent spatial ...
... synaesthesia for numbers, using rigorous psychophysical and neuroimaging protocols, might further illuminate our understanding of the connections between numbers and space31,32. In summary, various protocols indicate that numbers automatically elicit task-, modality- and effectorindependent spatial ...
The Features and Functions of Neuronal Assemblies: Possible
... Figure 1A. This is a stereotypical activation pattern which has been reported in virtually all studied neuronal population systems using VSDI, both in the cortex and sub-cortical structures (Badin et al., 2016), and it is those dynamics which can be modulated with bioactive compounds. Signal propaga ...
... Figure 1A. This is a stereotypical activation pattern which has been reported in virtually all studied neuronal population systems using VSDI, both in the cortex and sub-cortical structures (Badin et al., 2016), and it is those dynamics which can be modulated with bioactive compounds. Signal propaga ...
NIH Public Access
... 5. The significance of α-tocotrienol as inducible c-Src inhibitor in neuronal cells was further enhanced by a subsequent study reporting that Src deficiency or blockade of Src activity in mice provides cerebral protection following stroke 9. Next, we identified 12-lipoxygenase (12Lox) as another α-t ...
... 5. The significance of α-tocotrienol as inducible c-Src inhibitor in neuronal cells was further enhanced by a subsequent study reporting that Src deficiency or blockade of Src activity in mice provides cerebral protection following stroke 9. Next, we identified 12-lipoxygenase (12Lox) as another α-t ...
- PhilSci
... Three dimensions on which computational performance can be assessed are: the time it takes for the computing system to carry out a given task, the maximum number of tasks that can be completed by the system in a given time interval, and the electrical power it takes for the system to carry out a tas ...
... Three dimensions on which computational performance can be assessed are: the time it takes for the computing system to carry out a given task, the maximum number of tasks that can be completed by the system in a given time interval, and the electrical power it takes for the system to carry out a tas ...
Ch 16 - Motivation - Head
... Rise in temperature: Metabolism slowed by reducing TSH release Slide 27 Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain, 3rd Ed, Bear, Connors, and Paradiso Copyright © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ...
... Rise in temperature: Metabolism slowed by reducing TSH release Slide 27 Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain, 3rd Ed, Bear, Connors, and Paradiso Copyright © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ...
The caudal part of the frontal cortex is strongly involved - LIRA-Lab
... which maps observed actions on the observer’s internal motor representations (mirror neurons). As briefly described above, area F5 is located in the rostral part of the ventral premotor cortex and consists of two main sectors: F5c, located on the cortical convexity and F5ab, forming the posterior ba ...
... which maps observed actions on the observer’s internal motor representations (mirror neurons). As briefly described above, area F5 is located in the rostral part of the ventral premotor cortex and consists of two main sectors: F5c, located on the cortical convexity and F5ab, forming the posterior ba ...
Cortical modulation of pain
... and raised questions about the relevance of the primary somatosensory cortex in nociceptive processing. A similar situation pertains to cats and non-human primates, where studies report relatively few nociresponsive neurons in the SI [30–32]. Nociceptive responding neurons have been recorded in othe ...
... and raised questions about the relevance of the primary somatosensory cortex in nociceptive processing. A similar situation pertains to cats and non-human primates, where studies report relatively few nociresponsive neurons in the SI [30–32]. Nociceptive responding neurons have been recorded in othe ...
Comparison of Quantities: Core and Format
... influence of the notion of negativity. To address this issue, 2 behavioral studies compared the processing of negative and positive numbers (Ganor-Stern and Tzelgov 2008; Tzelgov et al. 2009). Their results provide evidence that polarity is independently coded from magnitude, which suggests that addi ...
... influence of the notion of negativity. To address this issue, 2 behavioral studies compared the processing of negative and positive numbers (Ganor-Stern and Tzelgov 2008; Tzelgov et al. 2009). Their results provide evidence that polarity is independently coded from magnitude, which suggests that addi ...
Dopamine control of pyramidal neuron activity in the primary motor
... Indeed, Gaspar et al. (1991) suggested the presence of such an innervation in the most superficial layers in human M1 using a tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostaining to visualize monoaminergic fibers. In rats, Descarries et al. (1987) showed a dopaminergic innervation in cortical areas such as the ...
... Indeed, Gaspar et al. (1991) suggested the presence of such an innervation in the most superficial layers in human M1 using a tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostaining to visualize monoaminergic fibers. In rats, Descarries et al. (1987) showed a dopaminergic innervation in cortical areas such as the ...
The Nervous System
... continues to move toward the cell body 8. Impulses travel faster when fibers have a myelin sheath ...
... continues to move toward the cell body 8. Impulses travel faster when fibers have a myelin sheath ...
Connectome
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/White_Matter_Connections_Obtained_with_MRI_Tractography.png?width=300)
A connectome is a comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its ""wiring diagram"". More broadly, a connectome would include the mapping of all neural connections within an organism's nervous system.The production and study of connectomes, known as connectomics, may range in scale from a detailed map of the full set of neurons and synapses within part or all of the nervous system of an organism to a macro scale description of the functional and structural connectivity between all cortical areas and subcortical structures. The term ""connectome"" is used primarily in scientific efforts to capture, map, and understand the organization of neural interactions within the brain.Research has successfully constructed the full connectome of one animal: the roundworm C. elegans (White et al., 1986, Varshney et al., 2011). Partial connectomes of a mouse retina and mouse primary visual cortex have also been successfully constructed. Bock et al.'s complete 12TB data set is publicly available at Open Connectome Project.The ultimate goal of connectomics is to map the human brain. This effort is pursued by the Human Connectome Project, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, whose focus is to build a network map of the human brain in healthy, living adults.