Background Paper 3 - Yale School of Medicine
... mice, rats, rhesus monkeys, and humans: see Figure on spatial memory (rats), object recognition memory (rhesus monkeys), and delayed recall (humans) performance in adult and elderly individuals (adapted from 154). Elderly individuals that experience a reduction in cognitive ability that is not a con ...
... mice, rats, rhesus monkeys, and humans: see Figure on spatial memory (rats), object recognition memory (rhesus monkeys), and delayed recall (humans) performance in adult and elderly individuals (adapted from 154). Elderly individuals that experience a reduction in cognitive ability that is not a con ...
Possible Mechanism Underlying
... Unfortunately, very little is known about the effects of acupuncture in a situation where drugs of abuse are used on a chronic basis and how chronic use of drug effects both neurochemical and behavioral changes. However, it has been generally accepted that acupuncture treatment can contribute to the ...
... Unfortunately, very little is known about the effects of acupuncture in a situation where drugs of abuse are used on a chronic basis and how chronic use of drug effects both neurochemical and behavioral changes. However, it has been generally accepted that acupuncture treatment can contribute to the ...
Basal ganglia contributions to motor control: a - Research
... requirements of a task [37], whether the movement is discrete or part of a movement sequence [38], the reward contingencies of the task (i.e. whether or not a primary reward is expected to follow the movement [39]), and the learning context [40]. Similar influences of behavioral context have been ob ...
... requirements of a task [37], whether the movement is discrete or part of a movement sequence [38], the reward contingencies of the task (i.e. whether or not a primary reward is expected to follow the movement [39]), and the learning context [40]. Similar influences of behavioral context have been ob ...
1From neuronal activity to scalp potential fields - Assets
... Figure 1.2. Closely folded brain structures only generate “closed fields” which cancel within a few millimeters due to nearby sources with random or opposite orientations. Although some structures like the cerebellum were historically considered to generate only closed fields and no EEG, recent MEG ...
... Figure 1.2. Closely folded brain structures only generate “closed fields” which cancel within a few millimeters due to nearby sources with random or opposite orientations. Although some structures like the cerebellum were historically considered to generate only closed fields and no EEG, recent MEG ...
Gene expression in the rat brain: High similarity but unique
... Background: The six-layered neocortex of the mammalian brain may appear largely homologous, but is in reality a modular structure of anatomically and functionally distinct areas. However, global gene expression seems to be almost identical across the cerebral cortex and only a few genes have so far ...
... Background: The six-layered neocortex of the mammalian brain may appear largely homologous, but is in reality a modular structure of anatomically and functionally distinct areas. However, global gene expression seems to be almost identical across the cerebral cortex and only a few genes have so far ...
Brain Research, 178 (1979) 363-380 363 © Elsevier/North
... however, multi-units were never studied closer than 200 ffM apart. In some animals penetrations were widely spaced throughout the inferior temporal region. In other animals penetrations were closely spaced, sometimes every millimeter, to detect any small-scale organization and particularly to study ...
... however, multi-units were never studied closer than 200 ffM apart. In some animals penetrations were widely spaced throughout the inferior temporal region. In other animals penetrations were closely spaced, sometimes every millimeter, to detect any small-scale organization and particularly to study ...
Medial Prefrontal Cortices Are Unified by Common Connections With Superior
... dorsally, area 14 rostroventrally, and area 10, which caps the frontal pole. There is comparatively less information on the functions or connections of anterior medial areas, although recent studies have provided evidence that area 9 has an important role in the selection of appropriate responses in ...
... dorsally, area 14 rostroventrally, and area 10, which caps the frontal pole. There is comparatively less information on the functions or connections of anterior medial areas, although recent studies have provided evidence that area 9 has an important role in the selection of appropriate responses in ...
The role of the medial frontal cortex in the maintenance of emotional
... not have to maintain their emotional states. This finding prompts an alternative, ‘active maintenance’ hypothesis that people do not maintain their emotional states via a passive maintenance of initial emotional responses, but rather, by intentionally elaborating on their emotional responses. In thi ...
... not have to maintain their emotional states. This finding prompts an alternative, ‘active maintenance’ hypothesis that people do not maintain their emotional states via a passive maintenance of initial emotional responses, but rather, by intentionally elaborating on their emotional responses. In thi ...
Linking Topography to Tonotopy in the Mouse Auditory
... mouse auditory cortex, however, the existence of clearly organized tonotopic maps is controversial, with two studies reporting orderly gradients spanning AI and anterior auditory field (AAF) (Stiebler et al., 1997; Zhang et al., 2005) and two recent studies describing a heterogeneous organization of ...
... mouse auditory cortex, however, the existence of clearly organized tonotopic maps is controversial, with two studies reporting orderly gradients spanning AI and anterior auditory field (AAF) (Stiebler et al., 1997; Zhang et al., 2005) and two recent studies describing a heterogeneous organization of ...
Drug-Evoked Synaptic Plasticity Causing Addictive Behavior
... no longer available. This effect can be observed up to several weeks after the last SA session in rats (Kruzich et al., 2001) and mice (Highfield et al., 2002). One interesting feature is that the seeking behavior becomes stronger over the first few weeks of withdrawal, an observation called “incuba ...
... no longer available. This effect can be observed up to several weeks after the last SA session in rats (Kruzich et al., 2001) and mice (Highfield et al., 2002). One interesting feature is that the seeking behavior becomes stronger over the first few weeks of withdrawal, an observation called “incuba ...
Brain Stimulation for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders
... dual effects on its projection area, the striatum. DA depletion can produce disinhibition via D2 receptors and inhibition via D1 receptors of separate populations of medium spiny neurons in the striatum. Since these two populations of cells mediate the direct (D1 type) and indirect (D2 type) pathway ...
... dual effects on its projection area, the striatum. DA depletion can produce disinhibition via D2 receptors and inhibition via D1 receptors of separate populations of medium spiny neurons in the striatum. Since these two populations of cells mediate the direct (D1 type) and indirect (D2 type) pathway ...
Cerebral correlates of delta waves during non
... and as this study was aimed at exploring the cerebral correlates of rhythms that characterize NREM sleep, the presence of waking values of delta power is likely to obscure the interpretation of the results. Therefore, in our second analysis, data obtained during wakefulness were discarded from the s ...
... and as this study was aimed at exploring the cerebral correlates of rhythms that characterize NREM sleep, the presence of waking values of delta power is likely to obscure the interpretation of the results. Therefore, in our second analysis, data obtained during wakefulness were discarded from the s ...
Neurobiology of injury to the developing brain.
... pioglitazone at 10mg/kg beginning 15 minutes after the injury and subsequently every 24hrs for five days. Beginning one day after the injury there was significant impairment in mitochondrial bioenergetic function which was attenuated by treatment with Pioglitazone at 15 minutes and 24 hours (p<0.05) ...
... pioglitazone at 10mg/kg beginning 15 minutes after the injury and subsequently every 24hrs for five days. Beginning one day after the injury there was significant impairment in mitochondrial bioenergetic function which was attenuated by treatment with Pioglitazone at 15 minutes and 24 hours (p<0.05) ...
Segmentation in the perception and memory of events
... segmentation. In one study [18], participants passively viewed short movies of everyday activities while their brain activity was recorded with fMRI. During the initial viewing and fMRI data recording, participants were asked simply to watch the movies and try to remember as much as possible. In the ...
... segmentation. In one study [18], participants passively viewed short movies of everyday activities while their brain activity was recorded with fMRI. During the initial viewing and fMRI data recording, participants were asked simply to watch the movies and try to remember as much as possible. In the ...
Cortical Algorithms for Perceptual Grouping
... objects are likely to fall into one RF. These inhibitory interactions occur on a fast timescale so that the competition already has an effect during the initial feedforward processing phase (Knierim & Van Essen 1992, Miller et al. 1993). The biased competition model proposes that bottom-up saliency ...
... objects are likely to fall into one RF. These inhibitory interactions occur on a fast timescale so that the competition already has an effect during the initial feedforward processing phase (Knierim & Van Essen 1992, Miller et al. 1993). The biased competition model proposes that bottom-up saliency ...
Master Thesis - Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Development
... arealisation would take place on the basis of information intrinsic to the early cortical primordium. Positional values would be encoded by the graded expression of specific genes whitin the cortical proliferative epithelium. This positional information would be epigenetically transferred from neuro ...
... arealisation would take place on the basis of information intrinsic to the early cortical primordium. Positional values would be encoded by the graded expression of specific genes whitin the cortical proliferative epithelium. This positional information would be epigenetically transferred from neuro ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... Fig. 5.15 (A) Estimate of mutual information between face stimuli and firing rate responses of C cells in the inferior-temporal cortex. The set of stimuli consisted 20 faces (stars). 8 faces (crosses), and 4 face(squares). (B) the information in the population of cells relative to the umber of stimu ...
... Fig. 5.15 (A) Estimate of mutual information between face stimuli and firing rate responses of C cells in the inferior-temporal cortex. The set of stimuli consisted 20 faces (stars). 8 faces (crosses), and 4 face(squares). (B) the information in the population of cells relative to the umber of stimu ...
Neural Syntax: Cell Assemblies, Synapsembles, and
... whisking, active touch, licking, contraction of middle ear muscles, etc.), internally generated oscillations, or other syntactical mechanisms. (C) Reader-defined cell assemblies. Neurons that fire within the time integrating window of a reader mechanism (e.g., the ability of a reader neuron to integ ...
... whisking, active touch, licking, contraction of middle ear muscles, etc.), internally generated oscillations, or other syntactical mechanisms. (C) Reader-defined cell assemblies. Neurons that fire within the time integrating window of a reader mechanism (e.g., the ability of a reader neuron to integ ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... Fig. 5.15 (A) Estimate of mutual information between face stimuli and firing rate responses of C cells in the inferior-temporal cortex. The set of stimuli consisted 20 faces (stars). 8 faces (crosses), and 4 face(squares). (B) the information in the population of cells relative to the umber of stimu ...
... Fig. 5.15 (A) Estimate of mutual information between face stimuli and firing rate responses of C cells in the inferior-temporal cortex. The set of stimuli consisted 20 faces (stars). 8 faces (crosses), and 4 face(squares). (B) the information in the population of cells relative to the umber of stimu ...
Development and function of human cerebral cortex neural networks
... inhibition playing an important modulatory role. A number of other neurotransmitters are important for cortical function, including serotonin, acetylcholine and dopamine (McCormick, 1992). RT-PCR was used to determine which glutamate neurotransmitter receptors were expressed in stem cell-derived cor ...
... inhibition playing an important modulatory role. A number of other neurotransmitters are important for cortical function, including serotonin, acetylcholine and dopamine (McCormick, 1992). RT-PCR was used to determine which glutamate neurotransmitter receptors were expressed in stem cell-derived cor ...