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Name - IB Bio Y2
Name - IB Bio Y2

... brain stem have irreversibly lost all neurological function”. The pupil reflex, along with other tests, is useful because it is a cranial reflex rather than a spinal reflex. Some spinal reflexes, such as the knee jerk reflex, may still be active during brain death because they do not rely on brain a ...
Neural Basis of Motor Control
Neural Basis of Motor Control

... becomes more positive and becomes depolarized. It takes longer for potassium channels to open. When they do open, potassium rushes out of the cell, reversing the depolarization. Also at about this time, sodium channels start to close. This causes the action potential to go back toward -70 mV (a repo ...
Biological Foundations of Behavior
Biological Foundations of Behavior

...  Gray matter decreases as white matter increases in ...
Energy Saving Accounts for the Suppression of Sensory Detail
Energy Saving Accounts for the Suppression of Sensory Detail

... for all feature cells to fire. Just a few cells may suffice, in which case inhibition can start sooner. This is the essence of Model 2, illustrated in Figure 2. The prior neuron represents the assumption of what will appear: as soon as it has its minimal set of features, it activates the output neur ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... oxygen and nourishment, and take away wastes. If brain cells do not get oxygen for 3 to 5 minutes, they begin to die. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) surrounds the brain. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system (CNS). The brain is connected to the spinal cord, which ...
Animal Behavior Study Guide
Animal Behavior Study Guide

... b. Sensory input is interpreted by the brain = perception. Example of Sensory-filtering Mechanism. = the nervous system selectively receives and processes particular information from the environment. Donald Griffin’s work with bats and Ken Roeder’s work with noctuid moths and their perception of bat ...
Word
Word

... What behavior does each of the following hormones control: testosterone, vasopressin, oxytocin, and progesterone. Oxytocin is a hormone that may alter human behavior. Describe the experiment where oxytocin altered the results of a moral experiment (train tracks). We also watched a talk about oxytoci ...
Neurotransmitters & Synapses - IB
Neurotransmitters & Synapses - IB

... Timing Availability ...
L21-Cerebral Hemisph..
L21-Cerebral Hemisph..

... Functions:Is used in execution of skilled movements also in codes the direction, force and velocity of movements. ...
Core Policies
Core Policies

... Fees. We charge a fee for the use of our space/equipment (see our Facilities web page) Experimental subjects. Because the behavior of lab animals is greatly affected by their background, handling, and history, Core personnel will also provide consultation with respect to preparation of animals for b ...
What is Neural Engineering
What is Neural Engineering

... understanding the coding and processing of information in the sensory and motor systems, quantifying how this processing is altered in the pathological state, and how it can be manipulated through interactions with artificial devices including braincomputer interfaces and neuroprosthetics. • Other r ...
to-BBB and Lundbeck to join forces on brain delivery of
to-BBB and Lundbeck to join forces on brain delivery of

... to-BBB is a Dutch biotechnology company in the field of enhanced drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier. The company is developing novel treatments for brain disorders by combining existing drugs with its proprietary brain drug delivery platform. The company’s vision is that the treatment of c ...
as a PDF - University of Sussex
as a PDF - University of Sussex

... from every cell, then it takes 40msec to turn the input cells off. This would represent an spike saving of around a factor of 5. B. Model 2: Prior Knowledge and Intention There is abundant evidence of the use of Bayesian information processing throughout sensory and cognitive processing. For the pur ...
Down and Dirty Study Sheet
Down and Dirty Study Sheet

Building the Brain - Urban Child Institute
Building the Brain - Urban Child Institute

... The brainstem controls most of the earliest activities of a newborn such as crying, sleeping, grasping, sucking, rooting and primitive reflexes. Thus most of the basic instincts and reflexes necessary for survival are already operating at birth. The cerebral cortex is somewhat “loosely wired” but is ...
Chapter 14 - FacultyWeb
Chapter 14 - FacultyWeb

... Which of the following is NOT a function of the limbic system? 1. Establishing emotional states 2. Linking the conscious, intellectual function of the cerebral cortex with unconscious, autonomic functions of the brain stem 3. Facilitating memory storage and retrieval 4. Directing somatic motor patt ...
Biological Levels of Analysis
Biological Levels of Analysis

... Examine one interaction between cognition and physiology in terms of behaviour. Evaluate two relevant studies. ...
Chapter 1 The Science of Psychology Learning Objectives: These
Chapter 1 The Science of Psychology Learning Objectives: These

... b. Functionalism in the USA/ William James- study the functions of consciousness, how people adapt to their environment and why and how do we think. They used introspection, but also questionnaires and mental tests. G. Stanley Hall the first APA president and Mary Calkins- first female president of ...
THE WORKING OF THE HUMAN BRAIN
THE WORKING OF THE HUMAN BRAIN

...  Increased production of norepinephrine overwhelms the receptors on neurons; it leads to a decreased production of norepinephrine and that causes the abuser to increase his doses in order to experience the same effect ...
Nervous System Notes PP
Nervous System Notes PP

...  Reaction is voluntary while reflex is involuntary  Reaction takes place through sensory nerves that bring back messages from the brain to the motor nerve.  In a reflex reaction, sensory nerves bypass the brain and go up to the spinal cord.  This is why a reflex is faster than a reaction. ...
the summary and précis of the conference
the summary and précis of the conference

... Despite the sparseness of the cortical connection matrix, the potential bandwidth of all of the neurons in the human cortex is around a Terabit/sec (assuming a maximum rate of 100 bit/sec over each axon in the white matter), comparable to the total world backbone capacity of the Internet in 2002. H ...
Making Waves With Your Brain!!!!
Making Waves With Your Brain!!!!

... • People make batteries using chemicals that make the most power – chemicals often poisonous to humans • But brain cells…………………….. ...
- W.W. Norton
- W.W. Norton

... behavior are reinforced, leading to the desired behavior. Reinforcers may be primary (i.e., satisfy biological needs) or secondary (i.e., do not directly satisfy biological needs). Both Reinforcement and Punishment Can Be Positive or Negative. For positive reinforcement and positive punishment, a st ...
The irrational calculator: Sales at the crossroads of compliance. May
The irrational calculator: Sales at the crossroads of compliance. May

... Loss Aversion. We have all heard the definition of a gambler as someone who loves winning more than they hate losing. But paradoxically, most people, including gamblers, will irrationally take more risk to avoid a loss than they will take in pursuit of an equivalent gain. This is the Nobel Prize-win ...
leadership
leadership

... “You, your joys and your sorrows, your memories and your ambitions, your sense of personal Identity and free will are in fact are no more than a behavior of vast assembly of neurons and nerve cells”  “You are nothing but a pack of Neuron” ...
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Neuroeconomics

Neuroeconomics is an interdisciplinary field that seeks to explain human decision making, the ability to process multiple alternatives and to follow a course of action. It studies how economic behavior can shape our understanding of the brain, and how neuroscientific discoveries can constrain and guide models of economics.It combines research methods from neuroscience, experimental and behavioral economics, and cognitive and social psychology. As research into decision-making behavior becomes increasingly computational, it has also incorporated new approaches from theoretical biology, computer science, and mathematics. Neuroeconomics studies decision making, by using a combination of tools from these fields so as to avoid the shortcomings that arise from a single-perspective approach. In mainstream economics, expected utility (EU), and the concept of rational agents, are still being used. Many economic behaviors are not fully explained by these models, such as heuristics and framing.Behavioral economics emerged to account for these anomalies by integrating social, cognitive, and emotional factors in understanding economic decisions. Neuroeconomics adds another layer by using neuroscientific methods in understanding the interplay between economic behavior and neural mechanisms. By using tools from various fields, some scholars claim that neuroeconomics offers a more integrative way of understanding decision making.
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