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Special Senses
Special Senses

... receptors in local areas - chemicals are injected near sensory nerve • General anesthesia: - loss of consciousness - chemicals affect reticular formation ...
Responses to stimulating multiple inputs
Responses to stimulating multiple inputs

... synapses that neuron 1 makes onto neuron 2 show facilitation if presynaptic action potentials occur within 10 ms of each other; if at least 4 such occurrences are required for eliciting spiking in neuron 2. Synaptic depression, however, occurs at the synapse between neuron 2 and 3 when action potent ...
Activin Receptor IA human (A0699) - Datasheet - Sigma
Activin Receptor IA human (A0699) - Datasheet - Sigma

... 3. Sporn, M.B., and Roberts, A.B., eds. Peptide Growth Factors and Their Receptors, SpringerVerlang Heidelberg, Vol. II, pp 217-235 (1991). 4. De Jong, F., et al., Effects of factors from ovarian follicular fluid and Sertoli cell culture medium on invivo and in-vitro release of pituitary gonadotroph ...
Graded Potentials
Graded Potentials

...  Describe the anatomical and functional divisions of the nervous system.  Sketch and label the structure of a typical neuron, describe the functions of each component, and classify neurons on the basis of their structure and function.  Describe the locations and functions of the various types of ...
Properties of reflex action
Properties of reflex action

... • Motor neurons are said to be gradually recruited (activated), one after the other i.e. not excited at the same time. Due to; A. Different velocities of nerve impulses due to different thickness of afferent neurons. B. Presence of interneurons. ...
Chapter 9 The Senses
Chapter 9 The Senses

... receptors in local areas - chemicals are injected near sensory nerve • General anesthesia: - loss of consciousness - chemicals affect reticular formation ...
Chapter 9 ppt - Peoria Public Schools
Chapter 9 ppt - Peoria Public Schools

... receptors in local areas - chemicals are injected near sensory nerve • General anesthesia: - loss of consciousness - chemicals affect reticular formation ...
Novel evolutionary lineages of the invertebrate oxytocin/vasopressin
Novel evolutionary lineages of the invertebrate oxytocin/vasopressin

... As shown in Figure 1, both CTR2 and OPR contain the seven hydrophobic TM regions and several potential sites for N-linked glycosylation and phosphorylation that are the most typical characteristic of GPCRs. Consensus sequences for N-linked glycosylation sites (Asn-Xaa-Ser/Thr; two sites in CTR2, thr ...
Molecular heterogeneity of central synapses: afferent and target
Molecular heterogeneity of central synapses: afferent and target

... synapses. Finally, heterogeneity also occurs within one synapse type (Fig. 1g). Activity dynamically regulates the density of receptors and other signaling components at postsynaptic sites. Such regulation of AMPA-type receptors has been a focus of study as a mechanism underlying long-term changes i ...
Steroid/Thyroid Receptor-like Proteins with
Steroid/Thyroid Receptor-like Proteins with

... promoter containing the estrogen-responsive element. It was then found that only retinoic acid induced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene expression strongly at a physiological concentration (2.5 x IO"8 M). This finding is at variance with the report by de-Théet al. (35) who stated that the hap ...
MS Word doc here
MS Word doc here

... The spinothalamic tract is of primary importance for the perception of pain and temperature. A relatively crude sense of touch and pressure can also be mediated by this pathway The A-delta fibers terminate in LI and V, while the C fibers in LII. Spinothalamic cells are located in LI, IV-V, VII and ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... 16. Within a neuron, what is the function of the axon? 17. What would happen to the resting potential of a neuron if it ran out of ATP? 18. When a neuron receives an excitatory stimulus, what causes the membrane to depolarize? 19. All stimuli cause neurons to depolarize. True or False 20. When thres ...
Sample
Sample

... adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (23) nucleus (23) chromosome (23) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (24) gene (24) cytoskeleton (24) enzyme (24) axoplasmic transport (24) microtubule (24) glia (24) astrocyte (24) phagocytosis (25) oligodendrocyte (25) myelin sheath (25) node of Ranvier (25) microglia (27) Sc ...
Chemicals in and Around the Cell.
Chemicals in and Around the Cell.

... adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (23) nucleus (23) chromosome (23) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (24) gene (24) cytoskeleton (24) enzyme (24) axoplasmic transport (24) microtubule (24) glia (24) astrocyte (24) phagocytosis (25) oligodendrocyte (25) myelin sheath (25) node of Ranvier (25) microglia (27) Sc ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... The neurotransmitters cross the gap and connect with receptors on dendrites on the other side of the gap. ...
Hypothalamic arcuate nucleus: neurons in the meeting
Hypothalamic arcuate nucleus: neurons in the meeting

... (from the viscerosensory nucleus of the solitary tract and brainstem biogenic amine cell groups). Significant afferent signals arise through the blood circulation, especially through the subependymal plexus of the median eminence which branches terminate in the medial part of the arcuate nucleus. Th ...
Chapter Two - Texas Christian University
Chapter Two - Texas Christian University

... the dendrite or cell body of the next neuron. Neurotransmitter Release – release of chemicals from axon terminals into the synapse when the neural impulse reaches the end of the axon. Vesicles –tiny sacs filled with NT that release the NT into the synapse, where it binds to receptor sites on the rec ...
Regulation of gene expression by polyunsaturated fatty acids
Regulation of gene expression by polyunsaturated fatty acids

Nervous System Review ANSWERS File
Nervous System Review ANSWERS File

... C. The action potential ends when the polarity across the membrane reaches +40mV D. Depolarization occurs when sodium gates open and allow sodium ions to enter the cell E. Potassium gates open after the sodium gates and allow potassium ions to leave the cell 41. At a synapse A. A synaptic vesicles f ...
Sensory Receptors I Sensory Receptors II What`s Your Perception?
Sensory Receptors I Sensory Receptors II What`s Your Perception?

... a. Gross movements of the trunk and proximal limb muscles / distal limb muscles and precise movement b. Background patterns of movement / transmits motor impulses from the cerebrum to the spinal cord c. Subconscious control of balance and muscle tone / subconscious control of reflex activity d. None ...
[j26]Chapter 7#
[j26]Chapter 7#

... ___ 28. Which statement about the action potential or nerve impulse is false? a. Only a relatively small number of Na+ and K+ ions actually diffuse across the axon membrane. b. Each action potential includes both positive and negative feedback loops. c. The Na+/K+ pumps are directly involved in crea ...
[j26]Chapter 7#
[j26]Chapter 7#

... ___ 28. Which statement about the action potential or nerve impulse is false? a. Only a relatively small number of Na+ and K+ ions actually diffuse across the axon membrane. b. Each action potential includes both positive and negative feedback loops. c. The Na+/K+ pumps are directly involved in crea ...
CNS consists of brain and spinal cord PNS consists of nerves 1
CNS consists of brain and spinal cord PNS consists of nerves 1

... CNS oligodendrocytes bear growthinhibiting proteins that prevent CNS fiber regeneration Astrocytes at injury site form scar tissue containing chondroitin sulfate that blocks axonal regrowth Treatment Neutralizing growth inhibitors, ...
Inhibition
Inhibition

... – Past researchers have concluded that there is an inhibitory mechanism to look towards the area of a stimuli that was already presented ...
Document
Document

...  Thromboxane is a member of the family of lipids known as eicosanoids. The two major thromboxanes are thromboxane A2 and thromboxane B2. The distinguishing feature of thromboxanes is a 6membered ether-containing ring. ...
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Endocannabinoid system

The endocannabinoid system is a group of neuromodulatory lipids and their receptors in the brain that are involved in a variety of physiological processes including appetite, pain-sensation, mood, and memory; it mediates the psychoactive effects of cannabis and, broadly speaking, includes: The endogenous arachidonate-based lipids, anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamide, AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG); these are known as ""endocannabinoids"" and are physiological ligands for the cannabinoid receptors. Endocannabinoids are all eicosanoids. The enzymes that synthesize and degrade the endocannabinoids, such as fatty acid amide hydrolase or monoacylglycerol lipase. The cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, two G protein-coupled receptors that are located in the central and peripheral nervous systems.The neurons, neural pathways, and other cells where these molecules, enzymes, and one or both cannabinoid receptor types are all colocalized form the endocannabinoid system.The endocannabinoid system has been studied using genetic and pharmacological methods. These studies have revealed that cannabinoids act as neuromodulators for a variety of processes, including motor learning, appetite, and pain sensation, among other cognitive and physical processes. The localization of the CB1 receptor in the endocannabinoid system has a very large degree of overlap with the orexinergic projection system, which mediates many of the same functions, both physical and cognitive. Moreover, CB1 is colocalized on orexin projection neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and many output structures of the orexin system, where the CB1 and orexin receptor 1 (OX1) receptors physically and functionally join together to form the CB1–OX1 receptor heterodimer.
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