2
... Reversible neutropenia has been reported in patients receiving vancomycin hydrochloride (see ADVERSE REACTIONS). Patients who will undergo prolonged therapy with vancomycin hydrochloride or those who are receiving concomitant drugs which may cause neutropenia should have periodic monitoring of the l ...
... Reversible neutropenia has been reported in patients receiving vancomycin hydrochloride (see ADVERSE REACTIONS). Patients who will undergo prolonged therapy with vancomycin hydrochloride or those who are receiving concomitant drugs which may cause neutropenia should have periodic monitoring of the l ...
avodart - Urological Sciences Research Foundation
... not all metabolic pathways have been identified, in vitro studies showed that dutasteride is metabolized by the CYP3A4 isoenzyme to 2 minor mono-hydroxylated metabolites. Dutasteride is not metabolized in vitro by human cytochrome P450 isoenzymes CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 at 2,000 ng/mL (5 ...
... not all metabolic pathways have been identified, in vitro studies showed that dutasteride is metabolized by the CYP3A4 isoenzyme to 2 minor mono-hydroxylated metabolites. Dutasteride is not metabolized in vitro by human cytochrome P450 isoenzymes CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 at 2,000 ng/mL (5 ...
Pharmacological Characterization of Nicotine`s Interaction with
... the dose-response evaluation. Antagonism studies were carried out by pretreating the mice s.c. with either saline or various drugs at different times before nicotine. The animals were tested 5 min after administration of nicotine. Body Temperature. Rectal temperature was measured by a thermistor pro ...
... the dose-response evaluation. Antagonism studies were carried out by pretreating the mice s.c. with either saline or various drugs at different times before nicotine. The animals were tested 5 min after administration of nicotine. Body Temperature. Rectal temperature was measured by a thermistor pro ...
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE SECTION I: COCAINE
... Many of its therapeutic applications are obsolete due to the development of safer drugs (Avois, et al., 2006). In the late 1880s and 1890s, cocaine use became popular and many reports of addiction began to emerge, leading to the recognition of its potentially dangerous effects. The Harrison Narcotic ...
... Many of its therapeutic applications are obsolete due to the development of safer drugs (Avois, et al., 2006). In the late 1880s and 1890s, cocaine use became popular and many reports of addiction began to emerge, leading to the recognition of its potentially dangerous effects. The Harrison Narcotic ...
Stability of extemporaneous enalapril maleate suspensions
... A large number of drugs are prepared extemporaneously by pharmacists as oral liquid dosage forms. Pediatric oral formulations can be quite scientifically challenging to develop and the prerequisites for both measurable dosage form to administer based upon body-weight, and also taste-masking are two ...
... A large number of drugs are prepared extemporaneously by pharmacists as oral liquid dosage forms. Pediatric oral formulations can be quite scientifically challenging to develop and the prerequisites for both measurable dosage form to administer based upon body-weight, and also taste-masking are two ...
sodium bicarbonate - PAN Pesticide Database
... In neutralizing gastric acid, distention and possible damage or rupture of the stomach may occur from carbon dioxide release. [Gosselin, R.E., R.P. Smith, H.C. Hodge. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1984.,p. II-125]**PEER REVIEWED** Sodium bicarbo ...
... In neutralizing gastric acid, distention and possible damage or rupture of the stomach may occur from carbon dioxide release. [Gosselin, R.E., R.P. Smith, H.C. Hodge. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1984.,p. II-125]**PEER REVIEWED** Sodium bicarbo ...
July 28, 2014 Margaret A. Hamburg, MD
... Methemoglobinemia is a blood disorder characterized by the decreased ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen due to increasing levels of methemoglobin. Under normal physiological conditions, 99% of red blood cells have hemoglobin, which contains four iron atoms that are in a ferrous state (Fe2+). ...
... Methemoglobinemia is a blood disorder characterized by the decreased ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen due to increasing levels of methemoglobin. Under normal physiological conditions, 99% of red blood cells have hemoglobin, which contains four iron atoms that are in a ferrous state (Fe2+). ...
Comparative Action of Sedative Hypnotics on Neurophysiology of
... reduced metabolic rate, heart rate, cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance etc. NREM sleep is of a peaceful nature, and EEG shows basically alpha rhythm with sleep spindles. Muscle tone diminishes progressively. There is no movement of eye ball in NREM sleep. In stage four NREM sleep there i ...
... reduced metabolic rate, heart rate, cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance etc. NREM sleep is of a peaceful nature, and EEG shows basically alpha rhythm with sleep spindles. Muscle tone diminishes progressively. There is no movement of eye ball in NREM sleep. In stage four NREM sleep there i ...
An overview of management of drug
... scalp hair, eyebrows and eyelashes [5] . Full regrowth is expected in majority of cases, but the patient should be educated that the recovery will take several months [1] . In some cases diffuse, permanent alopecia has been reported [2] . Anagen effluvium is almost exclusively observed after treatme ...
... scalp hair, eyebrows and eyelashes [5] . Full regrowth is expected in majority of cases, but the patient should be educated that the recovery will take several months [1] . In some cases diffuse, permanent alopecia has been reported [2] . Anagen effluvium is almost exclusively observed after treatme ...
Stability Indicating HPTLC Method Development for
... dichroism (CD) detector [20]. The use of the first and second derivatives of the ratio of the emission spectra with a zerocrossing technique has been reported for determination of mixture of dexamethasone, dexchlorpheniramine maleate and fluphenazine hydrochloride [21]. There is no reported method f ...
... dichroism (CD) detector [20]. The use of the first and second derivatives of the ratio of the emission spectra with a zerocrossing technique has been reported for determination of mixture of dexamethasone, dexchlorpheniramine maleate and fluphenazine hydrochloride [21]. There is no reported method f ...
Product Monograph for Triumeq
... Restarting abacavir-containing products following a suspected abacavir HSR can result in a prompt return of symptoms within hours. This recurrence is usually more severe than on initial presentation, and may include life-threatening hypotension and death. NEVER restart TRIUMEQ™ or any other abacavi ...
... Restarting abacavir-containing products following a suspected abacavir HSR can result in a prompt return of symptoms within hours. This recurrence is usually more severe than on initial presentation, and may include life-threatening hypotension and death. NEVER restart TRIUMEQ™ or any other abacavi ...
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... diagnosis of neonatal seizure (11). Neonates can make jerky movements that may be misinterpreted as seizures and may receive multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) over many days, become sedated, cannot ...
... diagnosis of neonatal seizure (11). Neonates can make jerky movements that may be misinterpreted as seizures and may receive multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) over many days, become sedated, cannot ...
Dyslipidemia Dx. Rx. by Dr Sarma
... Dr.Sarma RVSN, M.D., M.Sc (Canada) Consultant in Medicine and Chest, ...
... Dr.Sarma RVSN, M.D., M.Sc (Canada) Consultant in Medicine and Chest, ...
Comparison of Anti-Xa and Dilute Russell Viper Venom Time
... common calibrator, points to inherent differences in the methods. Such variation among manufacturer anti-Xa kits has been reported when measuring unfractionated heparin.16 TECHNOVIEW rivaroxaban calibrators were significantly correlated with Biophen-calibrated rivaroxaban results, regardless of the ...
... common calibrator, points to inherent differences in the methods. Such variation among manufacturer anti-Xa kits has been reported when measuring unfractionated heparin.16 TECHNOVIEW rivaroxaban calibrators were significantly correlated with Biophen-calibrated rivaroxaban results, regardless of the ...
Preclinical Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of an
... which gets incorporated into DNA leading to apoptosis [12–15]. The cytotoxicity of gemcitabine is further enhanced by the inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase by dFdCDP, resulting in a reduction in the intracellular deoxycytidine triphosphate pools and an increase in the incorporation of dFdCTP in ...
... which gets incorporated into DNA leading to apoptosis [12–15]. The cytotoxicity of gemcitabine is further enhanced by the inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase by dFdCDP, resulting in a reduction in the intracellular deoxycytidine triphosphate pools and an increase in the incorporation of dFdCTP in ...
Pharmacokinetic interactions of carbamazepine with some
... Interactions between AEDs can results from either pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic mechanisms [1]. Pharmacodynamic interactions between drugs with similar or opposing pharmacological mechanism of actions take place at the cellular levels (cellular targets) and are associated with no changes in the ...
... Interactions between AEDs can results from either pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic mechanisms [1]. Pharmacodynamic interactions between drugs with similar or opposing pharmacological mechanism of actions take place at the cellular levels (cellular targets) and are associated with no changes in the ...
Product Monograph Template - Standard
... tinnitus, ataxia, blurred vision and hypertension or hypotension. CNS stimulation is particularly likely in children, as are atropine-like symptoms (dry mouth, fixed and dilated pupils, flushing, hyperthermia, and gastrointestinal symptoms). Some patients may present a toxic psychosis with delusions ...
... tinnitus, ataxia, blurred vision and hypertension or hypotension. CNS stimulation is particularly likely in children, as are atropine-like symptoms (dry mouth, fixed and dilated pupils, flushing, hyperthermia, and gastrointestinal symptoms). Some patients may present a toxic psychosis with delusions ...
Product Monograph
... patients in clinical trials treated with ramipril. In most cases these were isolated values which resolved despite continued therapy. Hyperkalemia was not a cause of discontinuation of therapy in any hypertensive patient. Risk factors for the development of hyperkalemia may include renal insufficien ...
... patients in clinical trials treated with ramipril. In most cases these were isolated values which resolved despite continued therapy. Hyperkalemia was not a cause of discontinuation of therapy in any hypertensive patient. Risk factors for the development of hyperkalemia may include renal insufficien ...
Product Monograph
... SINEMET® (levodopa and carbidopa) is indicated for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. SINEMET® is not recommended for the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions. Although the administration of carbidopa permits control of Parkinson’s disease with much lower doses of levodopa, there is ...
... SINEMET® (levodopa and carbidopa) is indicated for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. SINEMET® is not recommended for the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions. Although the administration of carbidopa permits control of Parkinson’s disease with much lower doses of levodopa, there is ...
Product Monograph
... Clinical studies with simvastatin and other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors have suggested that these agents do not reduce plasma cortisol concentration or impair adrenal reserve and do not reduce basal plasma testosterone concentration. However, the effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on male fert ...
... Clinical studies with simvastatin and other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors have suggested that these agents do not reduce plasma cortisol concentration or impair adrenal reserve and do not reduce basal plasma testosterone concentration. However, the effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on male fert ...
Hallucinogens - Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies
... and evoke feelings of spiritual significance. Thus, the term entheogen, derived from the Greek word entheos, which means ‘‘god within,’’ was introduced by Ruck et al. (1979) and has seen increasing use. This term suggests that these substances reveal or allow a connection to the ‘‘divine within.’’ A ...
... and evoke feelings of spiritual significance. Thus, the term entheogen, derived from the Greek word entheos, which means ‘‘god within,’’ was introduced by Ruck et al. (1979) and has seen increasing use. This term suggests that these substances reveal or allow a connection to the ‘‘divine within.’’ A ...
The impact of penicillin on therapeutic outcomes
... andhadinvivoactivityinmice.Ithadonly0.1%oftheactivityofpenicillinGagainstsensitivestaphylococci,although itsactivityagainstGramͲnegativebacteriaequaledthatofpenicillinG. AlthoughneitherpenicillinNnorcephalosporinCwasevercommercialized,theyledtoimportantkn ...
... andhadinvivoactivityinmice.Ithadonly0.1%oftheactivityofpenicillinGagainstsensitivestaphylococci,although itsactivityagainstGramͲnegativebacteriaequaledthatofpenicillinG. AlthoughneitherpenicillinNnorcephalosporinCwasevercommercialized,theyledtoimportantkn ...
Drug-induced psychomimetic effects as a model for psychosis
... and reserpine, let to the introduction of many more antipsychotic drugs with a similar mechanism of action, which are now referred to as typical antipsychotics (e.g. haloperidol, flupentixol, droperidol). In 1963, Carlsson and Lidqvist discovered that dopamine acts as a neurotransmitter (Carlsson a ...
... and reserpine, let to the introduction of many more antipsychotic drugs with a similar mechanism of action, which are now referred to as typical antipsychotics (e.g. haloperidol, flupentixol, droperidol). In 1963, Carlsson and Lidqvist discovered that dopamine acts as a neurotransmitter (Carlsson a ...
Inderal (propranolol hydrochloride) Tablets Rx only
... centers (plus one in Canada) in 3,837 persons without history of severe congestive heart failure or presence of recent heart failure; certain conduction defects; angina since infarction, who had survived the acute phase of myocardial infarction. Propranolol was administered at either 60 or 80 mg t.i ...
... centers (plus one in Canada) in 3,837 persons without history of severe congestive heart failure or presence of recent heart failure; certain conduction defects; angina since infarction, who had survived the acute phase of myocardial infarction. Propranolol was administered at either 60 or 80 mg t.i ...
Suicidal Death by Nicotine Poisoning
... symptoms4,5) which can be fatal deaths, even though death due to the ingestion of nicotine might not be common due to the delayed absorption of nicotine by its emetic effects. Nicotine can be absorbed following inhalation, ingestion, or dermal contact and then rapidly absorbed through the skin, alve ...
... symptoms4,5) which can be fatal deaths, even though death due to the ingestion of nicotine might not be common due to the delayed absorption of nicotine by its emetic effects. Nicotine can be absorbed following inhalation, ingestion, or dermal contact and then rapidly absorbed through the skin, alve ...
Drug interaction
A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.