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Review of High Energy Astrophysics Research in Mainland China
... kind of correlation, suggesting that the high frequency radio emissions are important for high energy GeV gamma-ray emissions. 2) From the available emission lines and gamma-ray emissions, we found that there is no clear correlation between the emission line emission and the high-energy GeV gamma-ra ...
... kind of correlation, suggesting that the high frequency radio emissions are important for high energy GeV gamma-ray emissions. 2) From the available emission lines and gamma-ray emissions, we found that there is no clear correlation between the emission line emission and the high-energy GeV gamma-ra ...
X-ray Binaries
... Abstract This chapter discusses the implications of X-ray binaries on our knowledge of Type Ibc and Type II supernovae. X-ray binaries contain accreting neutron stars and stellar–mass black holes which are the end points of massive star evolution. Studying these remnants thus provides clues to under ...
... Abstract This chapter discusses the implications of X-ray binaries on our knowledge of Type Ibc and Type II supernovae. X-ray binaries contain accreting neutron stars and stellar–mass black holes which are the end points of massive star evolution. Studying these remnants thus provides clues to under ...
Concentration Fluctuations and Capacitive
... we find that it can be fixed to 4.2 Å, or a little smaller than the average size of the ions, for all concentrations. This indicates that ions can maintain their preferred distance from each other regardless of electrolyte composition. The decay length, S , reflects the scale of ionic correlations away ...
... we find that it can be fixed to 4.2 Å, or a little smaller than the average size of the ions, for all concentrations. This indicates that ions can maintain their preferred distance from each other regardless of electrolyte composition. The decay length, S , reflects the scale of ionic correlations away ...
systems - Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
... Fig. 4), and this behavior may also be typical of all flares, although it is generally not detected for weaker flares because of inadequate sensitivity. When simultaneous X and IR observations can be carried out, as has been done many times, it appears that every X-ray flare corresponds reasonably w ...
... Fig. 4), and this behavior may also be typical of all flares, although it is generally not detected for weaker flares because of inadequate sensitivity. When simultaneous X and IR observations can be carried out, as has been done many times, it appears that every X-ray flare corresponds reasonably w ...
Nitrogen Activation in a Mars–van Krevelen
... industrially produced by the classical Haber-Bosch process which is considered one of the milestones in catalysis.2 In this process, high-purity N2 and H2 are combined over a promoted Fe-based catalyst operating at high temperatures (350−500 °C) and pressures (150−350 atm).3 The process is energy in ...
... industrially produced by the classical Haber-Bosch process which is considered one of the milestones in catalysis.2 In this process, high-purity N2 and H2 are combined over a promoted Fe-based catalyst operating at high temperatures (350−500 °C) and pressures (150−350 atm).3 The process is energy in ...
Thesis-KM-oct11
... (C2H2), hydrogen chloride (HCl) and methyl bromide (CH3Br). By observing the relative formation of separate atoms and molecular fragments by photoexcitation as a function of laser power and frequency in conjucntion with theoretical ab initio calcualtions performed by my group members it was possible ...
... (C2H2), hydrogen chloride (HCl) and methyl bromide (CH3Br). By observing the relative formation of separate atoms and molecular fragments by photoexcitation as a function of laser power and frequency in conjucntion with theoretical ab initio calcualtions performed by my group members it was possible ...
Thesis-KM-oct11
... (C2H2), hydrogen chloride (HCl) and methyl bromide (CH3Br). By observing the relative formation of separate atoms and molecular fragments by photoexcitation as a function of laser power and frequency in conjucntion with theoretical ab initio calcualtions performed by my group members it was possible ...
... (C2H2), hydrogen chloride (HCl) and methyl bromide (CH3Br). By observing the relative formation of separate atoms and molecular fragments by photoexcitation as a function of laser power and frequency in conjucntion with theoretical ab initio calcualtions performed by my group members it was possible ...
Chapter One
... tunneling microscope (STM) developed in the 1980s, scientists have finally been able to observe and even manipulate individual atoms. The “molecular man” shown in Figure 1.4 was formed by using an STM probe to move 28 CO molecules into position on a platinum surface. ...
... tunneling microscope (STM) developed in the 1980s, scientists have finally been able to observe and even manipulate individual atoms. The “molecular man” shown in Figure 1.4 was formed by using an STM probe to move 28 CO molecules into position on a platinum surface. ...
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
... chemical compound changes. Some common redox reactions include fire, rusting of metals, browning of fruit, and photosynthesis. In simpler terms, redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one substance to another. In a redox reaction, electrons can never be “lost”; if one substance loses ...
... chemical compound changes. Some common redox reactions include fire, rusting of metals, browning of fruit, and photosynthesis. In simpler terms, redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one substance to another. In a redox reaction, electrons can never be “lost”; if one substance loses ...
DCY1B - Manonmaniam Sundaranar University
... (iv) Atomic (covalent) radii: Atomic radii decrease along each transition series due to the increase in nuclear charge. But the decrease in atomic radii is much less compared to P-block elements. This is because, addition of electrons to the inner (n-1) d orbital effectively screen the outer ns elec ...
... (iv) Atomic (covalent) radii: Atomic radii decrease along each transition series due to the increase in nuclear charge. But the decrease in atomic radii is much less compared to P-block elements. This is because, addition of electrons to the inner (n-1) d orbital effectively screen the outer ns elec ...
A Note on the Prehistory of Superheavy Elements
... where x is an integer and p a group number ranging between 1 and 16. For the group to which uranium belongs, p = 16. This piece of numerology led him to suggest that it is “easy to conceive the existence of an upper limit to our existing system.” For x tending towards infinity, the result becomes 24 ...
... where x is an integer and p a group number ranging between 1 and 16. For the group to which uranium belongs, p = 16. This piece of numerology led him to suggest that it is “easy to conceive the existence of an upper limit to our existing system.” For x tending towards infinity, the result becomes 24 ...
Default Normal Template
... E.F is a ratio between atoms or moles of atoms, so we use atomic weight and not molecular weight to calculate number of moles of atoms. Empirical formula from percentage composition : Ex.: The same compound contains 40% S and 60% oxygen. Determine the empirical formula. Suppose we have 100g sample, ...
... E.F is a ratio between atoms or moles of atoms, so we use atomic weight and not molecular weight to calculate number of moles of atoms. Empirical formula from percentage composition : Ex.: The same compound contains 40% S and 60% oxygen. Determine the empirical formula. Suppose we have 100g sample, ...
Regents Chemistry - New York Science Teacher
... (4) The concentration of the products and the concentration of the reactants are correct constant. ...
... (4) The concentration of the products and the concentration of the reactants are correct constant. ...
Electronic and magnetic properties of transition metal compounds
... of La0.75 Ba0.25 MnO3 has been normalized to the Ba 5p XPS peak. The subtraction of the two spectra leads to a representation of the Co 3d and the Ni 3d contributions to the valence band of the corresponding sample. The XPS valence bands of LaCoO3 and LaNiO3 are also shown for comparison. . . . . . ...
... of La0.75 Ba0.25 MnO3 has been normalized to the Ba 5p XPS peak. The subtraction of the two spectra leads to a representation of the Co 3d and the Ni 3d contributions to the valence band of the corresponding sample. The XPS valence bands of LaCoO3 and LaNiO3 are also shown for comparison. . . . . . ...
JCA 2007 (vol 1159, pp 51-57)
... degree of ionization suppression, if we assume that no CD molecules enter the ion source. Therefore, the concentration of free sodium ions is nearly the same, which confirms that the global dissociation of the sodium salt of the anionic CD is very low in our nonaqueous BGE. We are currently studying ...
... degree of ionization suppression, if we assume that no CD molecules enter the ion source. Therefore, the concentration of free sodium ions is nearly the same, which confirms that the global dissociation of the sodium salt of the anionic CD is very low in our nonaqueous BGE. We are currently studying ...
chemistry - Textbooks Online
... century chemists worked steadily towards an understanding of the relationships between the different chemical elements and the way they react together. A great body of work was built up from careful observation and experimentation until the relationship which we now represent as the periodic table e ...
... century chemists worked steadily towards an understanding of the relationships between the different chemical elements and the way they react together. A great body of work was built up from careful observation and experimentation until the relationship which we now represent as the periodic table e ...
The Chemistry of Excited States
... M* → M + light However, some molecules are capable of relaxing back to their ground state by also emitting a photon. Luminescence, the emission of light from an excited-state molecule, is a most dramatic example of the fascinating colors of chemistry. The measurement of luminescence can be one of th ...
... M* → M + light However, some molecules are capable of relaxing back to their ground state by also emitting a photon. Luminescence, the emission of light from an excited-state molecule, is a most dramatic example of the fascinating colors of chemistry. The measurement of luminescence can be one of th ...
inorganic chemistry
... increase in atomic number. This is due to increase in the number of electron shells. 2. Ionization energies The ionization energies of halogens are very high. This indicates that they have very little tendency to lose electrons. However, on going down the group from fluorine to astatine, the ionizat ...
... increase in atomic number. This is due to increase in the number of electron shells. 2. Ionization energies The ionization energies of halogens are very high. This indicates that they have very little tendency to lose electrons. However, on going down the group from fluorine to astatine, the ionizat ...
Fused Glycoluril-Tetrathiafulvalene Molecular Clips as Receptors for
... the 1H NMR spectrum was noted upon addition of m-DNB into a solution of molecular clip 3 in CDCl3, the host−guest affinity was detected by UV−vis spectroscopy by monitoring the changes at 800 nm upon titration of clip 3 with the addition of m-DNB aliquots (Figure 4). A saturation was observed after th ...
... the 1H NMR spectrum was noted upon addition of m-DNB into a solution of molecular clip 3 in CDCl3, the host−guest affinity was detected by UV−vis spectroscopy by monitoring the changes at 800 nm upon titration of clip 3 with the addition of m-DNB aliquots (Figure 4). A saturation was observed after th ...
Metastable inner-shell molecular state
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MIMS_Illustration_-_Final.jpg?width=300)
Metastable Innershell Molecular State (MIMS) is a class of ultra-high-energy short-lived molecules have the binding energy up to 1,000 times larger and bond length up to 100 times smaller than typical molecules. MIMS is formed by inner-shell electrons that are normally resistant to molecular formation. However, in stellar conditions, the inner-shell electrons become reactive to form molecular structures (MIMS) from combinations of all elements in the periodic table. MIMS upon dissociation can emit x-ray photons with energies up to 100 keV at extremely high conversion efficiencies from compression energy to photon energy. MIMS is predicted to exist and dominate radiation processes in extreme astrophysical environments, such as large planet cores, star interiors, and black hole and neutron star surroundings. There, MIMS is predicted to enable highly energy-efficient transformation of the stellar compression energy into the radiation energy.The right schematic illustration shows the proposed four stages of the K-shell MIMS (K-MIMS) formation and x-ray generation process. Stage I: Individual atoms are subjected to the stellar compression and ready for absorbing the compression energy. Stage II: The outer electron shells fuse together under increasing ""stellar"" pressure. Stage III: At the peak pressure, via pressure ionization K-shell orbits form the K-MIMS, which is vibrationally hot and encapsulated by a Rydberg-like pseudo-L-Shell structure. Stage IV: The K-MIMS cools down by ionizing (""boiling-off"") a number of pseudo-L-shell electrons and subsequent optical decay by emitting an x-ray photon. The dissociated atoms return their original atoms states and are ready for absorbing the compression energy.MIMS also can be readily produced in laboratory and industrial environments, such as hypervelocity particle impact, laser fusion and z-machine. MIMS can be exploited for highly energy-efficient production of high intensity x-ray beams for a wide range of innovative applications, such as photolithography, x-ray lasers, and inertial fusion.