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Fall 2012 Chem106 Final Review Name: Test 1 Materials Question
Fall 2012 Chem106 Final Review Name: Test 1 Materials Question

... 3. (15pts) Which of the following reaction has a precipitate. Use the solubility rules and predict the products, if there is an insoluble product then write the total ionic equation and the net ionic equation for the reaction. a) KNO3(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) or b) (NH4)2SO4(aq) + Ca(NO3)2(aq) 4. How many g ...
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... to you in several different ways: 1) It is explicitly said in the problem. 2) An acid (usually a strong acid) is included as one of the reactants. 3) An H+ is written just above the reaction arrow. ...
PPT Oxidation
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... elliptic orbit. We can draw a straight line perpendicular to the major axis of the elliptic orbit through the nucleus in the orbital plane. The straight line divides the elliptic orbit into two parts that are different in size. According conservation of the area velocity, the average distance betwee ...
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Chemistry Log Books - Social Circle City Schools

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< 1 ... 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 ... 279 >

Chemical bond



A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are ""strong bonds"" such as covalent or ionic bonds and ""weak bonds"" such as Dipole-dipole interaction, the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other. An electron positioned between two nuclei will be attracted to both of them, and the nuclei will be attracted toward electrons in this position. This attraction constitutes the chemical bond. Due to the matter wave nature of electrons and their smaller mass, they must occupy a much larger amount of volume compared with the nuclei, and this volume occupied by the electrons keeps the atomic nuclei relatively far apart, as compared with the size of the nuclei themselves. This phenomenon limits the distance between nuclei and atoms in a bond.In general, strong chemical bonding is associated with the sharing or transfer of electrons between the participating atoms. The atoms in molecules, crystals, metals and diatomic gases—indeed most of the physical environment around us—are held together by chemical bonds, which dictate the structure and the bulk properties of matter.All bonds can be explained by quantum theory, but, in practice, simplification rules allow chemists to predict the strength, directionality, and polarity of bonds. The octet rule and VSEPR theory are two examples. More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory which includes orbital hybridization and resonance, and the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method which includes ligand field theory. Electrostatics are used to describe bond polarities and the effects they have on chemical substances.
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