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National 5 Chemistry Unit 3 Chemistry In Society
... d) Condensation polymerisation Condensation polymerisation is a process whereby many small monomer molecules join together to form one large polymer, with water, or some other small molecule formed at the same time. The monomers have more than one functional group. ...
... d) Condensation polymerisation Condensation polymerisation is a process whereby many small monomer molecules join together to form one large polymer, with water, or some other small molecule formed at the same time. The monomers have more than one functional group. ...
2015 Academic Challenge CHEMISTRY TEST – STATE
... Most chloride, bromide, and iodide salts are soluble except those of Ag+, Pb2+, and Hg22+. Most sulfates are soluble with the exception of Ba2+, Pb2+, Hg22+, and Ca2+ Most hydroxide salts are only slightly soluble with the exception of Group 1 hydroxides. Group 2 (Ba2+ to Ca2+) are slightly soluble. ...
... Most chloride, bromide, and iodide salts are soluble except those of Ag+, Pb2+, and Hg22+. Most sulfates are soluble with the exception of Ba2+, Pb2+, Hg22+, and Ca2+ Most hydroxide salts are only slightly soluble with the exception of Group 1 hydroxides. Group 2 (Ba2+ to Ca2+) are slightly soluble. ...
Questions and Solutions
... Indicate which terms apply to each species. There is more than one term which applies to each species. N (neutral) ...
... Indicate which terms apply to each species. There is more than one term which applies to each species. N (neutral) ...
Florida`s - Wavefunction, Inc.
... in motion. When objects travel at speeds comparable to the speed of light, Einstein's special theory of relativity applies. B. Momentum is conserved under welldefined conditions. A change in momentum occurs when a net force is applied to an object over a time interval. C. The Law of Universal Gr ...
... in motion. When objects travel at speeds comparable to the speed of light, Einstein's special theory of relativity applies. B. Momentum is conserved under welldefined conditions. A change in momentum occurs when a net force is applied to an object over a time interval. C. The Law of Universal Gr ...
Solution of the 1st Major Exam, Term 061, Version 000, all correct
... Balance the following equation using the smallest set of whole numbers, then add together all the coefficients: SF4 + H2O H2SO3 + HF. The sum of the coefficients is A) 9 ...
... Balance the following equation using the smallest set of whole numbers, then add together all the coefficients: SF4 + H2O H2SO3 + HF. The sum of the coefficients is A) 9 ...
Section 11.3 Atomic Orbitals
... Atomic Orbitals •The dots indicate the nodes, or points of zero lateral (sideway) displacement, for a given wave. •There are limitations on the allowed wavelengths of the standing wave. •Each end of the string is fixed, so there is always anode at each end • There must be a whole number of half wave ...
... Atomic Orbitals •The dots indicate the nodes, or points of zero lateral (sideway) displacement, for a given wave. •There are limitations on the allowed wavelengths of the standing wave. •Each end of the string is fixed, so there is always anode at each end • There must be a whole number of half wave ...
Define the Scientific Method
... Multiple Choice; choose the best answer to each question and write the appropriate letter in the space provided (5 points each). _________ 1) How many centimeters are in 1 meter? A) 10 B) 36 C) 39 D) 100. _________ 2) What is the origin of hydrogen? A) The remnant of planets that exploded. B) The re ...
... Multiple Choice; choose the best answer to each question and write the appropriate letter in the space provided (5 points each). _________ 1) How many centimeters are in 1 meter? A) 10 B) 36 C) 39 D) 100. _________ 2) What is the origin of hydrogen? A) The remnant of planets that exploded. B) The re ...
CHAPTER 5 Electrons in Atoms
... and can exist in several discrete principal energy levels, each designated by one of the principal quantum numbers (n) that are the integers 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. 2. Electrons in successively higher principal energy levels have greater energy. 3. Because of interactions among electrons, each princi ...
... and can exist in several discrete principal energy levels, each designated by one of the principal quantum numbers (n) that are the integers 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. 2. Electrons in successively higher principal energy levels have greater energy. 3. Because of interactions among electrons, each princi ...
Electronic structure of correlated electron systems
... to exactly one electron per atom but the wave function would be a single Slater determinant of one electron Bloch waves and not a single Slater determinant of atomic site localized s orbitals with one electron at each site. In the DFT case there would be two electrons with opposite spin in each k st ...
... to exactly one electron per atom but the wave function would be a single Slater determinant of one electron Bloch waves and not a single Slater determinant of atomic site localized s orbitals with one electron at each site. In the DFT case there would be two electrons with opposite spin in each k st ...
Coordination Compounds
... Count down the periods to determine the outer principal quantum level—this is the quantum level for the s orbital. Subtract one to obtain the quantum level for the d orbital. If the element is in the third or fourth transition series, include (n − 2) f 14 electrons in the configuration. Zr is in the ...
... Count down the periods to determine the outer principal quantum level—this is the quantum level for the s orbital. Subtract one to obtain the quantum level for the d orbital. If the element is in the third or fourth transition series, include (n − 2) f 14 electrons in the configuration. Zr is in the ...
1. some basic concepts of chemistry
... and pressure. Illustration: H2 combines with O2 to form water vapour according to the equation 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g). If 100 mL of hydrogen combine with 50 mL of oxygen, we get 100 mL of water vapour. Thus, the volumes of hydrogen and oxygen which combine together (i.e. 100 mL and 50 mL) bear a s ...
... and pressure. Illustration: H2 combines with O2 to form water vapour according to the equation 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g). If 100 mL of hydrogen combine with 50 mL of oxygen, we get 100 mL of water vapour. Thus, the volumes of hydrogen and oxygen which combine together (i.e. 100 mL and 50 mL) bear a s ...
Sample chapter - Pharmaceutical Press
... ■■ be able to discuss how atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals ■■ appreciate how sp3, sp2 and sp hybrid orbitals are formed ■■ be able to discuss how hybridised atoms form single, double and triple bonds ■■ understand the factors that determine molecular shape and bond angles, and appr ...
... ■■ be able to discuss how atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals ■■ appreciate how sp3, sp2 and sp hybrid orbitals are formed ■■ be able to discuss how hybridised atoms form single, double and triple bonds ■■ understand the factors that determine molecular shape and bond angles, and appr ...
Bose-Einstein Condensation in Atomic Gases
... laser beams. The atoms in the crossing point of all the beams are decelerated (cooled), yet they are not held by any force and can slowly diffuse from the light beams. 5. How to trap cold atoms? To hold atoms in a prescribed spatial position (to trap them) one needs a position-dependent force. The mo ...
... laser beams. The atoms in the crossing point of all the beams are decelerated (cooled), yet they are not held by any force and can slowly diffuse from the light beams. 5. How to trap cold atoms? To hold atoms in a prescribed spatial position (to trap them) one needs a position-dependent force. The mo ...
Chemistry - Resonance
... The organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. These are the simplest organic compounds and are regarded as parent organic compounds. All other compounds are considered to be derived from them by the replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by other atoms or grou ...
... The organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. These are the simplest organic compounds and are regarded as parent organic compounds. All other compounds are considered to be derived from them by the replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by other atoms or grou ...
Chapter 1-3 Exam Review
... Lanthanoids and Actinides on the bottom, good conductors of heat & electricity, ductile, malleable, solids at room temperature (except Hg) Nonmetals - elements found on the right side of the staircase, gases, liquid, & solid; usually poor conductors and are brittle Metalloids - elements that lie alo ...
... Lanthanoids and Actinides on the bottom, good conductors of heat & electricity, ductile, malleable, solids at room temperature (except Hg) Nonmetals - elements found on the right side of the staircase, gases, liquid, & solid; usually poor conductors and are brittle Metalloids - elements that lie alo ...
Atomistic description of wave function localization effects in InxGa1
... In this section we analyze the electronic structure of In0.25 Ga0.75 N/GaN QWs by means of our TB model. As a model system we assume a 3.5 nm thick In0.25 Ga0.75 N/GaN QW. All QW calculations have been performed on SCs containing ≈ 82,000 atoms (≈ 10nm × 9nm × 10nm) with periodic boundary conditions ...
... In this section we analyze the electronic structure of In0.25 Ga0.75 N/GaN QWs by means of our TB model. As a model system we assume a 3.5 nm thick In0.25 Ga0.75 N/GaN QW. All QW calculations have been performed on SCs containing ≈ 82,000 atoms (≈ 10nm × 9nm × 10nm) with periodic boundary conditions ...
COMMUNICATIONS
... A significant principle of bioinorganic chemistry is that the potentials of (mostly oligonuclear) redox systems increase only gradually with increasing oxidation state when the respective higher oxidation number of the central metal is stabilized by deprotonation of the Brùnsted acid ligands.[1] Car ...
... A significant principle of bioinorganic chemistry is that the potentials of (mostly oligonuclear) redox systems increase only gradually with increasing oxidation state when the respective higher oxidation number of the central metal is stabilized by deprotonation of the Brùnsted acid ligands.[1] Car ...
Student Solutions Manual Errata
... spheres in the diagram) as being separate from, but strongly attracted to, one another. Covalent bonding occurs when two atoms are mutually attracted to a pair (or pairs) of electrons. Because the atoms share the electrons, we can think of the atoms (or the spheres in the diagram) as being joined to ...
... spheres in the diagram) as being separate from, but strongly attracted to, one another. Covalent bonding occurs when two atoms are mutually attracted to a pair (or pairs) of electrons. Because the atoms share the electrons, we can think of the atoms (or the spheres in the diagram) as being joined to ...
Laser Molecular Spectroscopy CHE466 Fall 2007
... fact that a molecule contains more than one electron that is somehow shared at different extents by a set of nuclei. In addition, the interaction between electrons is difficult to represent. These problems translate in our inability to solve the Schrodinger equation exactly for a molecule. Furthermo ...
... fact that a molecule contains more than one electron that is somehow shared at different extents by a set of nuclei. In addition, the interaction between electrons is difficult to represent. These problems translate in our inability to solve the Schrodinger equation exactly for a molecule. Furthermo ...
Atomic Orbitals - Stephen Berry
... important one in our discussion of alternative representations of orbitals; of hybridization; and of valence bond, molecular orbital, and mixed representations. The basic concept to be grasped now is the existence of equivalent descriptions, any one of which can be obtained from any other by a re-ex ...
... important one in our discussion of alternative representations of orbitals; of hybridization; and of valence bond, molecular orbital, and mixed representations. The basic concept to be grasped now is the existence of equivalent descriptions, any one of which can be obtained from any other by a re-ex ...
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are ""strong bonds"" such as covalent or ionic bonds and ""weak bonds"" such as Dipole-dipole interaction, the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other. An electron positioned between two nuclei will be attracted to both of them, and the nuclei will be attracted toward electrons in this position. This attraction constitutes the chemical bond. Due to the matter wave nature of electrons and their smaller mass, they must occupy a much larger amount of volume compared with the nuclei, and this volume occupied by the electrons keeps the atomic nuclei relatively far apart, as compared with the size of the nuclei themselves. This phenomenon limits the distance between nuclei and atoms in a bond.In general, strong chemical bonding is associated with the sharing or transfer of electrons between the participating atoms. The atoms in molecules, crystals, metals and diatomic gases—indeed most of the physical environment around us—are held together by chemical bonds, which dictate the structure and the bulk properties of matter.All bonds can be explained by quantum theory, but, in practice, simplification rules allow chemists to predict the strength, directionality, and polarity of bonds. The octet rule and VSEPR theory are two examples. More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory which includes orbital hybridization and resonance, and the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method which includes ligand field theory. Electrostatics are used to describe bond polarities and the effects they have on chemical substances.