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... Consider three non-interacting particles of masses M, 2M and 4M, constrained to lie in a square with sides of length L. How many quantum numbers are there for this system? Separate variables and obtain the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues. What are the degeneracies of the three lowest energy levels? T ...
... Consider three non-interacting particles of masses M, 2M and 4M, constrained to lie in a square with sides of length L. How many quantum numbers are there for this system? Separate variables and obtain the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues. What are the degeneracies of the three lowest energy levels? T ...
08_lecture_ppt
... • Lowest energy state = “ground state” • Higher states = “excited states” • Photon energy equals difference in state energies • Hydrogen atom example – Energy levels – Line spectra ...
... • Lowest energy state = “ground state” • Higher states = “excited states” • Photon energy equals difference in state energies • Hydrogen atom example – Energy levels – Line spectra ...
L35 - University of Iowa Physics
... As speed increases, so does mass Speed can never exceed the speed of light, c ...
... As speed increases, so does mass Speed can never exceed the speed of light, c ...
![L 35 Modern Physics [1] - University of Iowa Physics](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/001147028_1-f00aa7577568b42bc32948cbade9023a-300x300.png)
The Quantum Mechanical Model and Electron
... Bohr said that when an atom is heated up, or supplied with energy, the electrons will __________ certain specific sized packets of __________. The electron will then become “_____________” and will jump to a __________ energy level. The electron does not like the __________ "__________" state. The e ...
... Bohr said that when an atom is heated up, or supplied with energy, the electrons will __________ certain specific sized packets of __________. The electron will then become “_____________” and will jump to a __________ energy level. The electron does not like the __________ "__________" state. The e ...
Exam 3 Review - Iowa State University
... larger value of the indicated atomic property. a. Ionization energy, Na or Mg b. Ionization energy, Mg or Cl c. Electron affinity, Cl or Br d. Atomic radius, K or Cs e. Atomic radius, Se or Br ...
... larger value of the indicated atomic property. a. Ionization energy, Na or Mg b. Ionization energy, Mg or Cl c. Electron affinity, Cl or Br d. Atomic radius, K or Cs e. Atomic radius, Se or Br ...
Practice Test 2
... 36. A compound containing sodium is placed in a flame and yellow/orange color is produced. Explain how and why this occurs. 37. Electromagnetic radiation can be discussed in terms of both particles and waves. Explain the experimental verification for each of these views. 38. Summarize the developmen ...
... 36. A compound containing sodium is placed in a flame and yellow/orange color is produced. Explain how and why this occurs. 37. Electromagnetic radiation can be discussed in terms of both particles and waves. Explain the experimental verification for each of these views. 38. Summarize the developmen ...
Class 27: The Bohr model for the atom
... Class 27: The Bohr model for the atom Hydrogen line spectra When excited by an electric discharge, a hydrogen gas emits light at a set of discrete wavelengths. Four strong lines are seen in the visible part of the spectrum at wavelengths 656.3, 486.1, 434.0 and 410.2 nm. Balmer in 1885 discovered an ...
... Class 27: The Bohr model for the atom Hydrogen line spectra When excited by an electric discharge, a hydrogen gas emits light at a set of discrete wavelengths. Four strong lines are seen in the visible part of the spectrum at wavelengths 656.3, 486.1, 434.0 and 410.2 nm. Balmer in 1885 discovered an ...
Ch. 4-2 PowerPoint
... There are different types of orbitals….s, p, d, f which we will talk about more later. ...
... There are different types of orbitals….s, p, d, f which we will talk about more later. ...
CH7 handout is here.
... 8. Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that we cannot know exactly the position and velocity of an electron both at the same instant. Explain what we studied under ‘position’ and under ‘velocity’. What were the assumptions when studying ‘position’? “velocity”? ...
... 8. Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that we cannot know exactly the position and velocity of an electron both at the same instant. Explain what we studied under ‘position’ and under ‘velocity’. What were the assumptions when studying ‘position’? “velocity”? ...
Midterm review
... Ionization Energy Decreases as you move down PT, increases as you move across left to right of PT. ...
... Ionization Energy Decreases as you move down PT, increases as you move across left to right of PT. ...
Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding
... Ans2. Lyman series: When excited electrons in hydrogen atoms fall from higher energy levels to first energy level, the series of lines observed are called Lyman series. They are observed in ultraviolet region. Lyman = R(1/12 - 1/n2), n = 2, 3, 4, 5, ......... Balmer series: When excited electrons in ...
... Ans2. Lyman series: When excited electrons in hydrogen atoms fall from higher energy levels to first energy level, the series of lines observed are called Lyman series. They are observed in ultraviolet region. Lyman = R(1/12 - 1/n2), n = 2, 3, 4, 5, ......... Balmer series: When excited electrons in ...
Final Exam
... A. All of these answers are correct. B. Never leave the bunsen burner unattended. C. Always point the opening away from yourself (and others) when heating a test tube. D. Tie back long hair and roll up loose clothing. ...
... A. All of these answers are correct. B. Never leave the bunsen burner unattended. C. Always point the opening away from yourself (and others) when heating a test tube. D. Tie back long hair and roll up loose clothing. ...
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a surface-sensitive quantitative spectroscopic technique that measures the elemental composition at the parts per thousand range, empirical formula, chemical state and electronic state of the elements that exist within a material. XPS spectra are obtained by irradiating a material with a beam of X-rays while simultaneously measuring the kinetic energy and number of electrons that escape from the top 0 to 10 nm of the material being analyzed. XPS requires high vacuum (P ~ 10−8 millibar) or ultra-high vacuum (UHV; P < 10−9 millibar) conditions, although a current area of development is ambient-pressure XPS, in which samples are analyzed at pressures of a few tens of millibar.XPS is a surface chemical analysis technique that can be used to analyze the surface chemistry of a material in its as-received state, or after some treatment, for example: fracturing, cutting or scraping in air or UHV to expose the bulk chemistry, ion beam etching to clean off some or all of the surface contamination (with mild ion etching) or to intentionally expose deeper layers of the sample (with more extensive ion etching) in depth-profiling XPS, exposure to heat to study the changes due to heating, exposure to reactive gases or solutions, exposure to ion beam implant, exposure to ultraviolet light.XPS is also known as ESCA (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis), an abbreviation introduced by Kai Siegbahn's research group to emphasize the chemical (rather than merely elemental) information that the technique provides.In principle XPS detects all elements. In practice, using typical laboratory-scale X-ray sources, XPS detects all elements with an atomic number (Z) of 3 (lithium) and above. It cannot easily detect hydrogen (Z = 1) or helium (Z = 2).Detection limits for most of the elements (on a modern instrument) are in the parts per thousand range. Detection limits of parts per million (ppm) are possible, but require special conditions: concentration at top surface or very long collection time (overnight).XPS is routinely used to analyze inorganic compounds, metal alloys, semiconductors, polymers, elements, catalysts, glasses, ceramics, paints, papers, inks, woods, plant parts, make-up, teeth, bones, medical implants, bio-materials, viscous oils, glues, ion-modified materials and many others.XPS is less routinely used to analyze the hydrated forms of some of the above materials by freezing the samples in their hydrated state in an ultra pure environment, and allowing or causing multilayers of ice to sublime away prior to analysis. Such hydrated XPS analysis allows hydrated sample structures, which may be different from vacuum-dehydrated sample structures, to be studied in their more relevant as-used hydrated structure. Many bio-materials such as hydrogels are examples of such samples.