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General Chemistry I - University of Toledo
General Chemistry I - University of Toledo

... Chapter 8 Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure 8.1 Use the VSEPR model to predict geometry from the total number of charge clouds and lone pairs of electrons around an atom. 8.2&3 Use the VSEPR model to predict bond angles and overall shape of a molecule or ion with one or mo ...
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Chapter 2 – Atoms and Elements
Chapter 2 – Atoms and Elements

... In 1794, Joseph Proust (1754-1826) demonstrated the law of definite proportions (aka law of constant composition): In a given chemical compound, the proportions by mass of the elements that compose it are fixed, independent of the origin of the compound or its mode of preparation. In 1808, John Dalt ...
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4.1 PPT- Atomic Theory and Bonding

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... Network solids (or network crystals) are solids in which all of the atoms are covalently bonded to each other. Network solids consist of molecules that do not melt until the temperature reaches 1000°C or higher, or they decompose ...
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Sample Chem 111 Final

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Chapter 2 Expanded Notes

... Ion = an atom or molecule with an electrical charge resulting from the gain or loss of 1 or more electrons. Ionic bond: attraction of opposite charges, fairly strong, most common, found in metals and salts. Ionic bonds are formed by the mutual attraction of opposite charges of positive and negative ...
The Atom - Magoffin County Schools
The Atom - Magoffin County Schools

... • Unfortunately, Democritus couldn’t TEST his idea and it soon faded into the past. • It was until the EARLY 1800s that the idea of the atom resurfaced. • An ENGLISH TEACHER-SCIENTIST named JOHN DALTON revived the ancient idea of the atom and proposed what came to known as DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY. ...
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... element change into atoms of another An atom has protons, neutrons and electrons in the nucleus ...
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... 12. The characteristic odor of pineapple is due to ethyl butyrate, an organic compound which contains only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. If a sample of ethyl butyrate is known to contain 0.62069 g of carbon, 0.103448 g of hydrogen and 0.275862 g of oxygen, what is the empirical formula for ethyl buty ...
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Chemistry Unit Summaries - Oak Park Unified School District

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... used in electrical instruments. 2. Quartz is used in making chemical apparatus and optical instruments. 3. Sand is used in the manufacture of glass and porcelain. 4. Sand and stone are used as building materials. ...
15.2 Electrons and Chemical Bonds
15.2 Electrons and Chemical Bonds

... numbers combines with other atoms to make a compound. Therefore, we say that sodium has an oxidation number of 1+. An oxidation number indicates the charge on the remaining atom (ion) when electrons are lost, gained, or shared in chemical bonds. Table 15.1 shows the oxidation numbers for some elemen ...
Instructor`s Guide  - Ventura Educational Systems
Instructor`s Guide - Ventura Educational Systems

... from one atom are shared with valence electrons from a second atom to form a Covalent Bond. Forming covalent bonds lowers the potential energy of the atoms and thus creates a more stable state. As we saw, when we match open circles using Atomic Tiles we are showing which valence electrons are shared ...
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... of other elements to form compounds. A given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms.  Atoms are indivisible in chemical processes. That is, atoms are not created or destroyed in chemical reactions. A chemical reaction simply changes the way atoms are grouped together. ...
Chemistry Final Exam Review 2013
Chemistry Final Exam Review 2013

... 1. Which idea of John Dalton is no longer considered part of the modern view of atoms? a. Atoms are extremely small. b. Atoms of the same element have identical masses. c. Atoms combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds. d. Atoms of different elements can combine in different ratios to ...
Lecture #21 Shapes of Molecules
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... – So in ferric chloride (FeCl2) iron ion is Fe2+ – Modern method is to indicate charge on the metal with Roman numerals – So FeCl2 is now named iron(II) chloride ...
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Answer Key to Sample Questions

... positive because one molecule breaks to form two molecules b. What is the sign of H for this reaction? positive because a bond is broken, but none is formed. c. In which temperature range will this reaction be thermodynamically favored? It is entropy favored, enthalpy disfavored, so favored overall ...
Name - cloudfront.net
Name - cloudfront.net

... b. How many valence electrons are in this atom? ____________6__________ c. How many unpaired electrons are in this atom? ____________2__________ d. What is the electron configuration of the ion of this atom? ___1s22s22p63s23p6_____ ...
chapter_2_2007
chapter_2_2007

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Hypervalent molecule

A hypervalent molecule (the phenomenon is sometimes colloquially known as expanded octet) is a molecule that contains one or more main group elements formally bearing more than eight electrons in their valence shells. Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), chlorine trifluoride (ClF3), and the triiodide (I3−) ion are examples of hypervalent molecules.
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