Chemistry Readings
... The metal elements are on the left and in the center of the Periodic Table. The nonmetal elements are on the right. Metals and nonmetals are separated by metalloids. Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals. They border the “staircase” that separates the metals and nonmetals. All elem ...
... The metal elements are on the left and in the center of the Periodic Table. The nonmetal elements are on the right. Metals and nonmetals are separated by metalloids. Metalloids have properties of both metals and nonmetals. They border the “staircase” that separates the metals and nonmetals. All elem ...
SCH4U - Unit 1
... Schrodinger (1924) postulated that sometimes electrons behave as particles, and sometimes like waves. Because of this we cannot measure both the position and velocity of an electron at the same time. This exclusion is referred to as the Pauli Exclusion Principle. What this really means is that we ca ...
... Schrodinger (1924) postulated that sometimes electrons behave as particles, and sometimes like waves. Because of this we cannot measure both the position and velocity of an electron at the same time. This exclusion is referred to as the Pauli Exclusion Principle. What this really means is that we ca ...
atom a very small particle that makes up most kinds of matters and
... characteristic that can be observed, using the five senses, without changing or trying to change the composition of a substance change in which the form or appearance of matter changes, ...
... characteristic that can be observed, using the five senses, without changing or trying to change the composition of a substance change in which the form or appearance of matter changes, ...
Note
... D. because the ions are oppositely charged, they attract each other negatively charged ions are attracted to nearby ions of the opposite charge so that individual molecules do not exist F. instead the ions form ionic crystals/solids that tend to dissociate in water and other polar solvents, have hig ...
... D. because the ions are oppositely charged, they attract each other negatively charged ions are attracted to nearby ions of the opposite charge so that individual molecules do not exist F. instead the ions form ionic crystals/solids that tend to dissociate in water and other polar solvents, have hig ...
Language of chemistry
... elements make up the compound. For example water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2. Therefore the formula of water is H2O. That means there are 2 hydrogen atoms combining with 1 oxygen atom. Why is this? It is because oxygen has a valency of 2 while hydrogen has a valency of 1. H ...
... elements make up the compound. For example water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2. Therefore the formula of water is H2O. That means there are 2 hydrogen atoms combining with 1 oxygen atom. Why is this? It is because oxygen has a valency of 2 while hydrogen has a valency of 1. H ...
Chapter 4: Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions
... solution of acetic acid, CH3COOH, the bulb in the electric circuit glows only very dimly. (b) When the beaker contains a 1 M solution of ammonia, NH3, the bulb again glows only dimly. (c) When the two solutions are in the same beaker, the bulb glows brightly. What happens when the two solutions are ...
... solution of acetic acid, CH3COOH, the bulb in the electric circuit glows only very dimly. (b) When the beaker contains a 1 M solution of ammonia, NH3, the bulb again glows only dimly. (c) When the two solutions are in the same beaker, the bulb glows brightly. What happens when the two solutions are ...
Molecular geometry
... General statements regarding hybridization ***** • Hybridization is employed for central atom only, thus, the hybrid orbital describes the electron geometry for central atom. • Number of hybrid orbitals = Number of standard atomic orbitals combined = Number of σ bond + Number of lone pairs. • Number ...
... General statements regarding hybridization ***** • Hybridization is employed for central atom only, thus, the hybrid orbital describes the electron geometry for central atom. • Number of hybrid orbitals = Number of standard atomic orbitals combined = Number of σ bond + Number of lone pairs. • Number ...
Orbital hybridization: key to carbon`s flexibility
... central C is sp2 (120°) & empty p forms π with O double O is sp2 w/ e- pairs in 2 sp2 (120°), empty p forms π single-bonded O is tetrahedral, sp3, 109.5° w/ free pairs in 2 orb. ...
... central C is sp2 (120°) & empty p forms π with O double O is sp2 w/ e- pairs in 2 sp2 (120°), empty p forms π single-bonded O is tetrahedral, sp3, 109.5° w/ free pairs in 2 orb. ...
H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
... • Do not change subscripts to balance. They are part of the molecular formula. • States of matter may or may not be included and are not used in balancing. They just tell us a little more information about the reaction. (s) = solid (l) = liquid (g) = gas (aq) = aqueous (dissolved in water) 4. Don't ...
... • Do not change subscripts to balance. They are part of the molecular formula. • States of matter may or may not be included and are not used in balancing. They just tell us a little more information about the reaction. (s) = solid (l) = liquid (g) = gas (aq) = aqueous (dissolved in water) 4. Don't ...
Pre-AP Chemistry - Simple Rules for Electron Exchange Simple
... Tracking electron gain and loss for simple reactions like metals becoming ionized is easy. But in most chemical reactions, it is impossible to simply look at the reactants and products and track the electron exchange. In those cases, we must do some electron bookkeeping. Oxidation numbers are the ba ...
... Tracking electron gain and loss for simple reactions like metals becoming ionized is easy. But in most chemical reactions, it is impossible to simply look at the reactants and products and track the electron exchange. In those cases, we must do some electron bookkeeping. Oxidation numbers are the ba ...
Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
... Required to Become Isoelectronic With Nearest Nobel Gas (Have Same # of Electrons As the Noble Gas) ...
... Required to Become Isoelectronic With Nearest Nobel Gas (Have Same # of Electrons As the Noble Gas) ...
Homework Assignment #4
... 6. (4 pts) Indicate whether each sample of matter listed is a mixture or pure, if mixture, then indicate whether the mixture is homogeneous or heterogeneous: a) A cube of sugar is a _________________________________________ . b) Premium gasoline is a ________________________________________ . c) Tap ...
... 6. (4 pts) Indicate whether each sample of matter listed is a mixture or pure, if mixture, then indicate whether the mixture is homogeneous or heterogeneous: a) A cube of sugar is a _________________________________________ . b) Premium gasoline is a ________________________________________ . c) Tap ...
Oxidation Numbers and Ionic Compounds
... stable octet of electrons. For example, the transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine can be depicted by a Lewis dot diagram. ...
... stable octet of electrons. For example, the transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine can be depicted by a Lewis dot diagram. ...
Chapter 2 Practice Questions
... A) Elements are made up of tiny particles called atoms. B) Atoms are not created or destroyed in chemical reactions. C) All atoms of a given element are identical. D) Atoms are indivisible in chemical reactions. E) All of these statements are true according to modern atomic theory. 4. Avogadro's hyp ...
... A) Elements are made up of tiny particles called atoms. B) Atoms are not created or destroyed in chemical reactions. C) All atoms of a given element are identical. D) Atoms are indivisible in chemical reactions. E) All of these statements are true according to modern atomic theory. 4. Avogadro's hyp ...
Development of a Modern Atomic Theory
... The Theory Is Changed to Explain the Nucleus In the Try This activity at the beginning of this section, you used small, light table-tennis balls to probe the structure and organization of the space around you. A similar technique was used by Ernest Rutherford to probe the structure of an atom. Worki ...
... The Theory Is Changed to Explain the Nucleus In the Try This activity at the beginning of this section, you used small, light table-tennis balls to probe the structure and organization of the space around you. A similar technique was used by Ernest Rutherford to probe the structure of an atom. Worki ...
First Semester complete review with answers
... To form the compound salt (NaCl), atoms of the elements, sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl), form an ionic bond together. 3. What is the ratio of the sodium and chlorine atoms in salt? 1:1 ...
... To form the compound salt (NaCl), atoms of the elements, sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl), form an ionic bond together. 3. What is the ratio of the sodium and chlorine atoms in salt? 1:1 ...
standard sample test
... student does nothing since birth except pour out the water at that rate, would the student be finished by the time s/he dies of old age at 90? Would it take longer than that? Show your calculations. ...
... student does nothing since birth except pour out the water at that rate, would the student be finished by the time s/he dies of old age at 90? Would it take longer than that? Show your calculations. ...
Element Group Reaction with Oxygen Reaction with Water Lithium
... atomic weight of 14. What does “relative atomic weight” mean, and what do these figures tell you about carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms? ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ...
... atomic weight of 14. What does “relative atomic weight” mean, and what do these figures tell you about carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms? ______________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ...
Chemistry 400
... A) An ionic bond is much stronger than most covalent bonds. B) An ionic bond is formed through the sharing of electrons. C) Ionic compounds at room temperature typically conduct electricity. D) Once dissolved in water, ionic compounds rarely conduct electricity. E) None of the above are true. 3) Ide ...
... A) An ionic bond is much stronger than most covalent bonds. B) An ionic bond is formed through the sharing of electrons. C) Ionic compounds at room temperature typically conduct electricity. D) Once dissolved in water, ionic compounds rarely conduct electricity. E) None of the above are true. 3) Ide ...
CHEMISTRY 1
... The Born- Haber cycle uses the law of Hess to determine the Lattice Energy. The lattice energy is the enthalphy change, ∆H, associated when gaseous cations and anions from a crystal: Na+(g) + Cl-(g) NaCl(s) ∆H = - 788KJ Since heat is always evolved in these processes, all lattice energies have a n ...
... The Born- Haber cycle uses the law of Hess to determine the Lattice Energy. The lattice energy is the enthalphy change, ∆H, associated when gaseous cations and anions from a crystal: Na+(g) + Cl-(g) NaCl(s) ∆H = - 788KJ Since heat is always evolved in these processes, all lattice energies have a n ...
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
... 46) Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have A) different atomic numbers. B) the same atomic numbers but different numbers of protons. C) the same atomic numbers but different numbers of electrons. D) the same atomic number but different numbers of neutrons. E) the same atomic mass but diff ...
... 46) Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have A) different atomic numbers. B) the same atomic numbers but different numbers of protons. C) the same atomic numbers but different numbers of electrons. D) the same atomic number but different numbers of neutrons. E) the same atomic mass but diff ...
AP CHEMISTRY – Source: 1999 AP Exam CHAPTER 8 PRACTICE
... Ionization Energies for element X (kJ mol-1) First ...
... Ionization Energies for element X (kJ mol-1) First ...