MU08-CHAPTER6.doc
... When the proton twist around its axis actuated by the electric force field and the inertial forces, the oscillating amplitude is a small distance s on the particle’s surface periphery with radius Rp from the ...
... When the proton twist around its axis actuated by the electric force field and the inertial forces, the oscillating amplitude is a small distance s on the particle’s surface periphery with radius Rp from the ...
Study on Systems of Hydrogen Atoms in the View Point of Natural
... In this paper, we study the derivation of the Schrödinger equation of the system of hydrogen atoms and its solutions which are necessary to analyze the natural statistical phenomena of the system of hydrogen atoms in the basis of the laws of natural statistical physics. Using the above results, we ...
... In this paper, we study the derivation of the Schrödinger equation of the system of hydrogen atoms and its solutions which are necessary to analyze the natural statistical phenomena of the system of hydrogen atoms in the basis of the laws of natural statistical physics. Using the above results, we ...
A family of intracules, a conjecture and the electron correlation... z* Peter M. W. Gill,* Deborah L. Crittenden,w
... that behaves, in many ways, as the notional joint probability density should.18 One of its chief weaknesses is that, although it is everywhere real, it is not everywhere positive. Nonetheless, as Wigner wrote, Wn(r1,. . .,rn,p1,. . .,pn) ‘‘cannot be really interpreted as the simultaneous probability ...
... that behaves, in many ways, as the notional joint probability density should.18 One of its chief weaknesses is that, although it is everywhere real, it is not everywhere positive. Nonetheless, as Wigner wrote, Wn(r1,. . .,rn,p1,. . .,pn) ‘‘cannot be really interpreted as the simultaneous probability ...
11 Two and many electron atoms - FU Berlin
... with para-He (+) and ortho-He (-). The triplet states are energetically lower than the singlet states, due to the reduced electron-electron repulsion. The triplet state (1s)(2s) is metastable, since relaxation to (1s)2 is not possible upon light emission (intercombination lines are forbidden). Excit ...
... with para-He (+) and ortho-He (-). The triplet states are energetically lower than the singlet states, due to the reduced electron-electron repulsion. The triplet state (1s)(2s) is metastable, since relaxation to (1s)2 is not possible upon light emission (intercombination lines are forbidden). Excit ...
Schroedinger`s Model of Hydrogen Atom
... The hydrogen atom is the simplest atom. It has only one electron and the nucleus is a proton. It is therefore not surprising that it has been the test-bed for new theories. In this module, we will look at the attempts that have been made to understand the structure of the hydrogen atom1—1a structure ...
... The hydrogen atom is the simplest atom. It has only one electron and the nucleus is a proton. It is therefore not surprising that it has been the test-bed for new theories. In this module, we will look at the attempts that have been made to understand the structure of the hydrogen atom1—1a structure ...
Directional X-ray and gamma emission in
... electronic transitions are not included in the discussion. We note that during the initial design effort (and subsequent analysis effort) electronic transitions were included as candidate transitions on equal footing to nuclear transitions. A major difficulty is that the electronic states have very ...
... electronic transitions are not included in the discussion. We note that during the initial design effort (and subsequent analysis effort) electronic transitions were included as candidate transitions on equal footing to nuclear transitions. A major difficulty is that the electronic states have very ...
Effective Quantum Spin Systems with Trapped Ions
... long-range ferromagnetic interaction. Our numerical calculation for a chain of N 50 ions [Fig. 2 (left)] shows that a force in the z direction results in an interaction, Ji;j , with a range comparable to the size of the chain. (b) Radial force. The characteristics of the effective spinspin interac ...
... long-range ferromagnetic interaction. Our numerical calculation for a chain of N 50 ions [Fig. 2 (left)] shows that a force in the z direction results in an interaction, Ji;j , with a range comparable to the size of the chain. (b) Radial force. The characteristics of the effective spinspin interac ...
.
... where j2i is thePcollective Dicke-like state with two excitations, j2i / ij gi gj j01 02 . . . 1i . . . 1j . . . 0N i. Transferring subsequently to the superposition of zero-, one-, and two-phonon states, j c pn i ¼ 0 jnpn ¼ 0i þ 1 jnpn ¼ 1i þ 2 jnpn ¼ 2i, and from it to the same superposition o ...
... where j2i is thePcollective Dicke-like state with two excitations, j2i / ij gi gj j01 02 . . . 1i . . . 1j . . . 0N i. Transferring subsequently to the superposition of zero-, one-, and two-phonon states, j c pn i ¼ 0 jnpn ¼ 0i þ 1 jnpn ¼ 1i þ 2 jnpn ¼ 2i, and from it to the same superposition o ...
Terahertz quantum cascade lasers operating up to ∼ 200 K with
... plings and several scattering mechanisms. The tunneling coupling strengths between the four states are calculated using a tight-binding approach. The temperature, at which the gain coefficient of gisb ! 35 cm−1 was maintained, was targeted to be maximized, without constraining the threshold current ...
... plings and several scattering mechanisms. The tunneling coupling strengths between the four states are calculated using a tight-binding approach. The temperature, at which the gain coefficient of gisb ! 35 cm−1 was maintained, was targeted to be maximized, without constraining the threshold current ...
New Spin-Orbit-Induced Universality Class in the Integer Quantum Hall Regime
... random field that couples to the electron spin S. Their conclusion is that, at least for random field which varies smoothly in space, the quantum-Hall transition splits, but the critical behavior remains unchanged. Indeed we checked that within the Hr S model, even if the correlation length of t ...
... random field that couples to the electron spin S. Their conclusion is that, at least for random field which varies smoothly in space, the quantum-Hall transition splits, but the critical behavior remains unchanged. Indeed we checked that within the Hr S model, even if the correlation length of t ...
Dephasing of electrons in mesoscopic metal wires * F. Pierre, A. B. Gougam,
... The time during which the quantum coherence of an electron is maintained is of fundamental importance in mesoscopic physics. The observability of many phenomena specific to this field relies on a long enough phase coherence time.1 Amongst these are the weak localization correction to the conduct ...
... The time during which the quantum coherence of an electron is maintained is of fundamental importance in mesoscopic physics. The observability of many phenomena specific to this field relies on a long enough phase coherence time.1 Amongst these are the weak localization correction to the conduct ...
Ionization
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. Ionization can result from the loss of an electron after collisions with sub atomic particles, collisions with other atoms, molecules and ions, or through the interaction with light. Heterolytic bond cleavage and heterolytic substitution reactions can result in the formation of ion pairs. Ionization can occur through radioactive decay by the internal conversion process, in which an excited nucleus transfers its energy to one of the inner-shell electrons causing it to be ejected.