SAMPLE EXAM #2
... 15. According to the kinetic molecular theory for gases, particles of a gas a. are very large particles. b. are very far apart. c. lose their valence electrons. d. move slowly. e. decrease kinetic energy as temperature increases. 16. Which relationship is INCORRECT? a. as the temperature of a gas in ...
... 15. According to the kinetic molecular theory for gases, particles of a gas a. are very large particles. b. are very far apart. c. lose their valence electrons. d. move slowly. e. decrease kinetic energy as temperature increases. 16. Which relationship is INCORRECT? a. as the temperature of a gas in ...
Diagnosis Test: EDEXCEL ADDITIONAL SCIENCE Biology
... QWC Suggested marking guidance (Total 6 marks) Marks awarded for this answer will be determined by the Quality of Written Communication (QWC) as well as the standard of the scientific response. Teachers should apply a ‘best-fit’ approach to the marking. ...
... QWC Suggested marking guidance (Total 6 marks) Marks awarded for this answer will be determined by the Quality of Written Communication (QWC) as well as the standard of the scientific response. Teachers should apply a ‘best-fit’ approach to the marking. ...
Physical and Chemical change: Introduction
... broken up in any way. When water is heated for example, the temperature and energy of the water molecules increases and the liquid water evaporates to form water vapour. When this happens, some kind of change has taken place, but the molecular structure of the water has not changed. This is an examp ...
... broken up in any way. When water is heated for example, the temperature and energy of the water molecules increases and the liquid water evaporates to form water vapour. When this happens, some kind of change has taken place, but the molecular structure of the water has not changed. This is an examp ...
Reaction Rate Graphs C12-3
... For each “station”, determine the appropriate graph and the appropriate units for reaction rate when given examples of rate changes observed in everyday life. ...
... For each “station”, determine the appropriate graph and the appropriate units for reaction rate when given examples of rate changes observed in everyday life. ...
welcome to ap chemistry - Garnet Valley School District
... The work is split into two assignments: One for all students and an additional one for students who have not taken Honors Chemistry. The work is split into a weekly schedule, but you may also complete it at your own pace. However, I would recommend you do not procrastinate, and that you give yoursel ...
... The work is split into two assignments: One for all students and an additional one for students who have not taken Honors Chemistry. The work is split into a weekly schedule, but you may also complete it at your own pace. However, I would recommend you do not procrastinate, and that you give yoursel ...
Chapter 4 Acids and bases
... Because HI(l) and HBr(l) are strong acids, both transfer their protons essentially completely to give H3O+. In effect, solutions of HI and HBr behave as though they are solutions of H3O+ regardless HI is intrinsincally stronger than HBr. Water is therefore said to have a leveling effect that brings ...
... Because HI(l) and HBr(l) are strong acids, both transfer their protons essentially completely to give H3O+. In effect, solutions of HI and HBr behave as though they are solutions of H3O+ regardless HI is intrinsincally stronger than HBr. Water is therefore said to have a leveling effect that brings ...
rate
... Basic Idea: As a rule, an increase in temperature * increases the rate of both endothermic and exothermic reactions. However, endothermic reactions are increased a greater extent Reason: An increase in temperature, indicates that more energy has been added to the reacting species. This increase in e ...
... Basic Idea: As a rule, an increase in temperature * increases the rate of both endothermic and exothermic reactions. However, endothermic reactions are increased a greater extent Reason: An increase in temperature, indicates that more energy has been added to the reacting species. This increase in e ...
chemical equilibrium
... Chemical equilibrium is a state of balance in which the rate of a forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction and the concentrations of products and reactants remain unchanged. H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) Only a very small fraction of the collisions between H2 and I2 result in the format ...
... Chemical equilibrium is a state of balance in which the rate of a forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction and the concentrations of products and reactants remain unchanged. H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) Only a very small fraction of the collisions between H2 and I2 result in the format ...
JF Physical Chemistry 2010-2011. JF CH 1101: Introduction to
... a pH of 9.45. Note that the ion product of water Kw = 1 x 10-14. (a) 1.8 x 10-10 M ; (b) 1.0 x 10-14 M ; (c) 2.8 x 10-5 M ; (d) 0.35 M ; (e) 3.5 x 10-10 M. Correct answer: c 3. A buffer contains equal concentrations of a weak acid HA and its conjugate base A-. If the value of KA for the weak acid is ...
... a pH of 9.45. Note that the ion product of water Kw = 1 x 10-14. (a) 1.8 x 10-10 M ; (b) 1.0 x 10-14 M ; (c) 2.8 x 10-5 M ; (d) 0.35 M ; (e) 3.5 x 10-10 M. Correct answer: c 3. A buffer contains equal concentrations of a weak acid HA and its conjugate base A-. If the value of KA for the weak acid is ...
Reaction of niobium with water
... Ti(s) + 2Br2(g) TiBr4(s) [orange] Ti(s) + 2I2(g) TiI4(s) [dark brown] Reaction of titanium with acids Dilute aqueous hydrofluoric acid, HF, reacts with titanium to form the complex anion [TiF6]3together with hydrogen, H2. 2Ti(s) + 12HF(aq) 2[TiF6]3-(aq) + 3H2(g) + 6H+(aq) Titanium metal does n ...
... Ti(s) + 2Br2(g) TiBr4(s) [orange] Ti(s) + 2I2(g) TiI4(s) [dark brown] Reaction of titanium with acids Dilute aqueous hydrofluoric acid, HF, reacts with titanium to form the complex anion [TiF6]3together with hydrogen, H2. 2Ti(s) + 12HF(aq) 2[TiF6]3-(aq) + 3H2(g) + 6H+(aq) Titanium metal does n ...
Practice Exam 3
... b. The cadmium combines with spent uranium fuel to produce a non-radioactive product. c. The rods focus the neutrons toward the center of the reactor. d. The cadmium acts as a catalyst, enabling fission to occur at lower temperatures. e. The rods move forward and backward, driving the pistons that t ...
... b. The cadmium combines with spent uranium fuel to produce a non-radioactive product. c. The rods focus the neutrons toward the center of the reactor. d. The cadmium acts as a catalyst, enabling fission to occur at lower temperatures. e. The rods move forward and backward, driving the pistons that t ...
Paper 3 - TheAllPapers
... (iv) Both of these fats are hydrolysed by boiling with aqueous sodium hydroxide. What type of compounds are formed? and ...
... (iv) Both of these fats are hydrolysed by boiling with aqueous sodium hydroxide. What type of compounds are formed? and ...
IGCSE Revision Guide (Double Award) | PDF
... Use dot and cross diagrams to represent the electron arrangement and covalent bonding in the following complex molecules: oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and ethene. Recall that substances with simple molecular ...
... Use dot and cross diagrams to represent the electron arrangement and covalent bonding in the following complex molecules: oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and ethene. Recall that substances with simple molecular ...
Document
... 2 The questions may be answered in any order but all answers are to be written in the spaces provided in this answer book, and must be written clearly and legibly in ink. 3 Rough work, if any should be necessary, should be written in this book and then scored through when the fair copy has been wr ...
... 2 The questions may be answered in any order but all answers are to be written in the spaces provided in this answer book, and must be written clearly and legibly in ink. 3 Rough work, if any should be necessary, should be written in this book and then scored through when the fair copy has been wr ...
Chemistry Spell check on
... 2 The questions may be answered in any order but all answers are to be written in the spaces provided in this answer book, and must be written clearly and legibly in ink. 3 Rough work, if any should be necessary, should be written in this book and then scored through when the fair copy has been wr ...
... 2 The questions may be answered in any order but all answers are to be written in the spaces provided in this answer book, and must be written clearly and legibly in ink. 3 Rough work, if any should be necessary, should be written in this book and then scored through when the fair copy has been wr ...
Balancing Redox Equations
... Oxidation Number - The charge that an atom would have if the compound in which it were found were ionic. The rules: 1) The sum of the oxidation numbers of the atoms in a molecule must be equal to the overall charge on the molecule. 2) To assign a number to a transition metal ion (not listed in the t ...
... Oxidation Number - The charge that an atom would have if the compound in which it were found were ionic. The rules: 1) The sum of the oxidation numbers of the atoms in a molecule must be equal to the overall charge on the molecule. 2) To assign a number to a transition metal ion (not listed in the t ...
153KB PDF - Clydeview Academy
... The reaction was carried out at several temperatures between 40 °C and 60 °C. The end of the reaction was indicated by a colour change from purple to colourless. (a) ...
... The reaction was carried out at several temperatures between 40 °C and 60 °C. The end of the reaction was indicated by a colour change from purple to colourless. (a) ...
Learning Activities
... Standard I: Understand the processes of scientific investigations and use inquiry and scientific ways of observing, experimenting, predicting, and validating to think critically. 9-12 Benchmark I: Use accepted scientific methods to collect, analyze, and interpret data and observations and to design ...
... Standard I: Understand the processes of scientific investigations and use inquiry and scientific ways of observing, experimenting, predicting, and validating to think critically. 9-12 Benchmark I: Use accepted scientific methods to collect, analyze, and interpret data and observations and to design ...
the ap chemistry summer assignment
... Welcome to AP Chemistry! You already have a background in chemistry from your general chemistry class, but AP Chemistry is very different. Rather than memorizing how to do particular types of problems, you must really understand the chemistry and be able to apply it to different kinds of problems. A ...
... Welcome to AP Chemistry! You already have a background in chemistry from your general chemistry class, but AP Chemistry is very different. Rather than memorizing how to do particular types of problems, you must really understand the chemistry and be able to apply it to different kinds of problems. A ...
Chapter 12 Packet
... Write and/or balance the following equations (remember the diatomic elements and to criss-cross charges for ionic compounds!!!) Use the mole ratios from the balanced equations to solve the following stoichiometry problems. Use units and labels in all conversions, and round your answer to sig figs. 1 ...
... Write and/or balance the following equations (remember the diatomic elements and to criss-cross charges for ionic compounds!!!) Use the mole ratios from the balanced equations to solve the following stoichiometry problems. Use units and labels in all conversions, and round your answer to sig figs. 1 ...
4. Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) is a controversial food preservative added
... 10. A gaseous mixture containing 7.50 mol H2(g) and 9.00 mol Cl2(g) reacts to form hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction. b) Which reactant is limiting? c) If all the limiting reactant is consumed, how many moles of hydrogen chloride are formed? d) How many moles ...
... 10. A gaseous mixture containing 7.50 mol H2(g) and 9.00 mol Cl2(g) reacts to form hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction. b) Which reactant is limiting? c) If all the limiting reactant is consumed, how many moles of hydrogen chloride are formed? d) How many moles ...
Lewis acid catalysis
In Lewis acid catalysis of organic reactions, a metal-based Lewis acid acts as an electron pair acceptor to increase the reactivity of a substrate. Common Lewis acid catalysts are based on main group metals such as aluminum, boron, silicon, and tin, as well as many early (titanium, zirconium) and late (iron, copper, zinc) d-block metals. The metal atom forms an adduct with a lone-pair bearing electronegative atom in the substrate, such as oxygen (both sp2 or sp3), nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The complexation has partial charge-transfer character and makes the lone-pair donor effectively more electronegative, activating the substrate toward nucleophilic attack, heterolytic bond cleavage, or cycloaddition with 1,3-dienes and 1,3-dipoles.Many classical reactions involving carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bond formation can be catalyzed by Lewis acids. Examples include the Friedel-Crafts reaction, the aldol reaction, and various pericyclic processes that proceed slowly at room temperature, such as the Diels-Alder reaction and the ene reaction. In addition to accelerating the reactions, Lewis acid catalysts are able to impose regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in many cases.Early developments in Lewis acid reagents focused on easily available compounds such as TiCl4, BF3, SnCl4, and AlCl3. The relative strengths of these (and other) Lewis acids may be estimated from NMR spectroscopy by the Childs method or the Gutmann-Beckett method. Over the years, versatile catalysts bearing ligands designed for specific applications have facilitated improvement in both reactivity and selectivity of Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions. More recently, Lewis acid catalysts with chiral ligands have become an important class of tools for asymmetric catalysis.Challenges in the development of Lewis acid catalysis include inefficient catalyst turnover (caused by catalyst affinity for the product) and the frequent requirement of two-point binding for stereoselectivity, which often necessitates the use of auxiliary groups.