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OverallQuiz2Ch5-8.doc
OverallQuiz2Ch5-8.doc

... 7. During photosynthesis, electrons are continuously lost from the reaction center of photosystem II. What source is used to replace these electrons? a. sunlight b. oxygen c. water d. carbon dioxide ...
Chapter 5 Test Review
Chapter 5 Test Review

... 8. cellular respiration Section 2 1. photosynthesis 2. chlorophyll 3. red (675 nm) and blue (450 nm) 4. green wavelengths (525 nm) are reflected 5. oxygen gas (O2) 6. enter the electron transport chain of the thylakoid membrane 7. water is split to replace 2e- that enter the electron transport chain ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis

... provide almost all the energy for life on Earth. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs rely on this chemical energy to support their own growth and reproduction! ...
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept

... ETC/chemiosmosis – 32-34 ATP – oxidative phosphorylation ...
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept

... ETC/chemiosmosis – 32-34 ATP – oxidative phosphorylation ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis

... Energy for the body • Trapped in chemical bonds of fats, proteins, and carbs (potential) • liberate energy – break bonds – release energy, CO2 and H20 – Energy is transferred to ATP for use in the body ...
CPS Activity: Photosynthesis Review
CPS Activity: Photosynthesis Review

... following is required in order for photosynthesis to occur? water chlorophyll light energy all of the above ...
The Working Cell: Energy from Sunlight
The Working Cell: Energy from Sunlight

... – Carotenoids are pigments that range in color from pale yellow to deep red • they are involved in the color changes of leaves in the fall • they funnel the energy from other wavelengths to chlorophyll a. ...
Cellular Respiration 2
Cellular Respiration 2

... Electron is passed to other molecules that have higher electronegativity • Reduces new acceptor ...
Unit 3 Study Guide: Energetics
Unit 3 Study Guide: Energetics

... 7) What is the proton-motive force? How does it result in the formation of ATP? 8) How is chemiosmosis involved in cellular respiration? 9) During respiration, in what pathway does most energy flow? 10) Describe three ways in which fermentation differs from respiration. 11) Sketch and label a chloro ...
Fermentation/ Citric Acid Cycle
Fermentation/ Citric Acid Cycle

... - Muscles are working hard (USING ATP) - You are breathing heavy (NOT GETTING ENOUGH OXYGEN) These are prefect conditions for FERMENTATION - After a hard workout, why are your muscles sore? o Answer: Lactic acid has built up in the CYTOSOL ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

... Photosystems  Within the chloroplasts, chlorophyll is found in clusters within the thylakoid membranes.  These clusters are called photosystems.  When light hits the photosystem, energy is absorbed and electrons are promoted to an electron acceptor at a higher energy level.  As the electrons fa ...
Bioenergetics and Mitosis Review Sheet
Bioenergetics and Mitosis Review Sheet

... 24. What are the two types of fermentation? What are the products of each? Which organisms use what type of fermentation in the lack of oxygen? Chapter 10 25. What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? 26. What are some photosynthetic pigments? What are the main ones? What color are they? 27. ...
Ch08Photosynthesis
Ch08Photosynthesis

... 4. Grana and stroma 5. Thylakoid membrane and compartment 6. Pigments Photosynthesis occurs in two essential phases. 1. Light-dependent: “photo” of photosynthesis. a. Power of sunlight excites electrons in pigment molecules. b. Excited electrons are carried down transport chain of redox reactions li ...
Ch. 9 – Cellular Respiration Why does the energy stored in different
Ch. 9 – Cellular Respiration Why does the energy stored in different

... In the ETC, the electron carriers, NADH and FADH2 that were produced in Glycolysis and Kreb’s are now going to drop off their high energy electrons and H+ ions onto the mitochondrial membrane. Once there, the energy of the electrons, with help from electron carrier proteins, will pump the H+ ions a ...
Electron transport chains in mitochondria
Electron transport chains in mitochondria

... called NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase; EC 1.6.5.3) two electrons are removed from NADH and transferred to a lipid-soluble carrier, ubiquinone (Q). The reduced product, ubiquinol (QH2) freely diffuses within the membrane, and Complex I translocates four protons (H+) across the membrane, thus producin ...
Photosynthesis - Weizmann Institute of Science
Photosynthesis - Weizmann Institute of Science

... enough to remove two electrons from each of two water molecules, making a molecule of O2 at a cost of four photons — one for each electron moved. Photosystem II performs this remarkable feat only when photosystem I is present to dispose of the electrons. Photosystem I grabs the four electrons and us ...
File
File

... light strikes PS II causing electrons in chlorophyll a in the reaction center to become excited  the excited electrons are picked up by the primary electron acceptor & passed down an electron transport chain which drives the synthesis of ATP by chemiosmosis  meanwhile, light strikes PS I causing e ...
Electron Transport Chain _ETC
Electron Transport Chain _ETC

... transport chain, as electrons are passed down the electron transport chain, they lose much of their free energy. Part of this energy can be captured and stored by the production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This process is called oxidative phosphorylation. The remainder of the free ...
File
File

... 2) The electrons are not passed on to NADP+ Reductase (which would produce NADPH). Instead the electrons are passed down the ETC back to P700. [Fig. 10.14]  This process is called cyclic photophosphorylation ...
Simplified Photosynthesis
Simplified Photosynthesis

... the thylakoid. This make the inside of the thylakoid positive and the outside negative. H+ ions are also passing thru ATP Synthase ( an enzyme) and changing ADP ATP ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

... • is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme. It is often called the "molecular unit of currency" of intracellular energy transfer.[1] ATP transports chemical energy within cells for ...
Oxygen pulls electrons from sugar
Oxygen pulls electrons from sugar

... See page 168 -169 for details ...
L.E.D. Labs
L.E.D. Labs

... range of frequencies, thus they can emit white light. ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration

... o Chloroplasts: The Sites of Photosynthesis in Plants o Tracking Atoms Through Photosynthesis o The Two Stages of Photosynthesis: A Preview Concept 10.2: The Light Reactions Convert Solar Energy To Chemical Energy o The Nature of Sunlight o Photosynthetic Pigments: The Light Receptors o Excitation o ...
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Light-dependent reactions

In photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions take place on the thylakoid membranes. The inside of the thylakoid membrane is called the lumen, and outside the thylakoid membrane is the stroma, where the light-independent reactions take place. The thylakoid membrane contains some integral membrane protein complexes that catalyze the light reactions. There are four major protein complexes in the thylakoid membrane: Photosystem II (PSII), Cytochrome b6f complex, Photosystem I (PSI), and ATP synthase. These four complexes work together to ultimately create the products ATP and NADPH.[.The two photosystems absorb light energy through pigments - primarily the chlorophylls, which are responsible for the green color of leaves. The light-dependent reactions begin in photosystem II. When a chlorophyll a molecule within the reaction center of PSII absorbs a photon, an electron in this molecule attains a higher energy level. Because this state of an electron is very unstable, the electron is transferred from one to another molecule creating a chain of redox reactions, called an electron transport chain (ETC). The electron flow goes from PSII to cytochrome b6f to PSI. In PSI, the electron gets the energy from another photon. The final electron acceptor is NADP. In oxygenic photosynthesis, the first electron donor is water, creating oxygen as a waste product. In anoxygenic photosynthesis various electron donors are used.Cytochrome b6f and ATP synthase work together to create ATP. This process is called photophosphorylation, which occurs in two different ways. In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, cytochrome b6f uses the energy of electrons from PSII to pump protons from the stroma to the lumen. The proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane creates a proton-motive force, used by ATP synthase to form ATP. In cyclic photophosphorylation, cytochrome b6f uses the energy of electrons from not only PSII but also PSI to create more ATP and to stop the production of NADPH. Cyclic phosphorylation is important to create ATP and maintain NADPH in the right proportion for the light-independent reactions.The net-reaction of all light-dependent reactions in oxygenic photosynthesis is:2H2O + 2NADP+ + 3ADP + 3Pi → O2 + 2NADPH + 3ATPThe two photosystems are protein complexes that absorb photons and are able to use this energy to create an electron transport chain. Photosystem I and II are very similar in structure and function. They use special proteins, called light-harvesting complexes, to absorb the photons with very high effectiveness. If a special pigment molecule in a photosynthetic reaction center absorbs a photon, an electron in this pigment attains the excited state and then is transferred to another molecule in the reaction center. This reaction, called photoinduced charge separation, is the start of the electron flow and is unique because it transforms light energy into chemical forms.
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