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ppt
ppt

... • PCR is used to selectively amplify certain VNTR loci so the number of repeats can be ...
DNA Methylation studies
DNA Methylation studies

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Exploring Mutant Organisms Teacher Extended Background
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... is also mutated. The cell can no longer do the job it was meant for and it cannot destroy itself. It can only make more cells just like itself continuously. Cancer is also understood to be associated with an accumulation of mutations in the cell. That is, the cell requires a certain number of mutati ...
BACTERIAL TRANSFORMATION Lab 15
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Bioinformatics Protein Synthesis Amino Acid Table Amino Acids
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Introduction to Genetics - Course ON-LINE

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No Slide Title
No Slide Title

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Recombinant Expression of PDI in E. coli

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Molecular cloning



Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. The use of the word cloning refers to the fact that the method involves the replication of one molecule to produce a population of cells with identical DNA molecules. Molecular cloning generally uses DNA sequences from two different organisms: the species that is the source of the DNA to be cloned, and the species that will serve as the living host for replication of the recombinant DNA. Molecular cloning methods are central to many contemporary areas of modern biology and medicine.In a conventional molecular cloning experiment, the DNA to be cloned is obtained from an organism of interest, then treated with enzymes in the test tube to generate smaller DNA fragments. Subsequently, these fragments are then combined with vector DNA to generate recombinant DNA molecules. The recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism (typically an easy-to-grow, benign, laboratory strain of E. coli bacteria). This will generate a population of organisms in which recombinant DNA molecules are replicated along with the host DNA. Because they contain foreign DNA fragments, these are transgenic or genetically modified microorganisms (GMO). This process takes advantage of the fact that a single bacterial cell can be induced to take up and replicate a single recombinant DNA molecule. This single cell can then be expanded exponentially to generate a large amount of bacteria, each of which contain copies of the original recombinant molecule. Thus, both the resulting bacterial population, and the recombinant DNA molecule, are commonly referred to as ""clones"". Strictly speaking, recombinant DNA refers to DNA molecules, while molecular cloning refers to the experimental methods used to assemble them.
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