• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Transcription Activity Guide
Transcription Activity Guide

... The process of deciphering DNA to produce a protein requires two major stages: (1) transcription and (2) translation. Transcription is the process in which DNA is used as a template to produce a singlestranded RNA molecule. Translation is the process in which the DNA code, now contained in the singl ...
Human Genome Project and Sequencing
Human Genome Project and Sequencing

... Less than 2% of DNA codes for genes. Most genes are clustered in “urban centers” (not randomly spread out). Over 50% of DNA is “not human” – hitchhiking “junk” DNA. ...
Biology Question Paper and Marking Scheme
Biology Question Paper and Marking Scheme

... proceeds from hydric to mesic condition to form a stable community. (b) Why is secondary succession faster than primary succession. ...
CHNOPS Lab
CHNOPS Lab

Bio07_TR__U04_CH14.QXD
Bio07_TR__U04_CH14.QXD

Mutations
Mutations

... Remove and replace incorrect bases (can be done at any time in cell cycle) ...
File
File

... Scientists extracted DNA from the blood on the broken glass. The scientists analysed the DNA from the glass and DNA from three suspects, A, B and C. The scientists used a method called DNA fingerprinting. Figure 2 shows the scientists’ results. ...
F - cell
F - cell

... Cultivating bacteria on a solid medium (bacterial isolation) A solid medium is required for obtaining a pure culture of microorganism. Agar: an algae extract, polysaccharide in nature, which very few bacteria can degrade. The agar plate contains 1.5% of agar. Colony: population of bacterial cells ar ...
RNA Ribonucleic Acid - McKinney ISD Staff Sites
RNA Ribonucleic Acid - McKinney ISD Staff Sites

... the code from the nucleus into the cytoplasm then to the ribosome.  Transfer RNA (tRNA)  Transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes.  Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)  Part of the ribosome, links up proteins ...
Unit 12 Handout - Chavis Biology
Unit 12 Handout - Chavis Biology

... More controversial is _______________________, the insertion of genes into a normal individual to influence a particular trait (“designer babies”) ...
Microbial Physiology
Microbial Physiology

... Cultivating bacteria on a solid medium (bacterial isolation) A solid medium is required for obtaining a pure culture of microorganism. Agar: an algae extract, polysaccharide in nature, which very few bacteria can degrade. The agar plate contains 1.5% of agar. Colony: population of bacterial cells ar ...
DNA: Transcription & Translation
DNA: Transcription & Translation

... DNA/ Genes/ Codons • DNA is made of approximately 80,000 genes • Genes are sections of DNA that code for a single protein ...
Slides - gserianne.com
Slides - gserianne.com

... • The genetic code is the set of specific instructions for translating nucleic acid information into proteins • The life-span of proteins in the cell is limited by degradation by proteases in complexes called ...
1 Biology 437 Fall 2015 Syllabus Biology 437: LABORATORY ON
1 Biology 437 Fall 2015 Syllabus Biology 437: LABORATORY ON

... GMO corn. Training rationale for this project: Learning the details of mRNA analysis, including tissue preparation, RNA purification, cDNA synthesis, RT-PCR, q-PCR, global gene expression profiling. (eg. many studies on global gene expression profiling of human cancer cells are unraveling what genes ...
Ch - TeacherWeb
Ch - TeacherWeb

... One DNA double helix has now been turned into two DNA helices, each with one original strand and one new strand. This method depends on specific base pairing. ...
Genetics
Genetics

... Most figured protein.” Binary letters vs the alpabet “ ...
The antenatal diagnosis of sickle cell disease
The antenatal diagnosis of sickle cell disease

... chains, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon, Zeta. Epsilon, Gamma, Delta chains are similar to a Beta chain. While Zeta is similar to an alpha chain. There are 9 different genetic loci which code for the 6 globin genes. In addition, there are at least 3 pseudo genes which have sequences similar to ot ...
Bio Unit 7b DNA packet
Bio Unit 7b DNA packet

... are separated by an enzyme ______________________________ when DNA copies itself. protein 16. Changes in the order of amino acids will change the ___________________________ produced. Messenger RNA or mRNA 17. ______________________________ carries the code for amino acids. Genes 18. _______________ ...
Molecular Biochemistry (Bioc432) student part 2
Molecular Biochemistry (Bioc432) student part 2

... synthesized pieces, thereby forming two new double helices. ...
1. Which gene could be X-linked? If it is a male, then only one X
1. Which gene could be X-linked? If it is a male, then only one X

... 7. False. The light is released as a result of an enzymatic reaction which requires ATP. The ATP is generated from the pyrophosphate released from the incorporation of a deoxynucleotide into a DNA chain. 8. The flowgram is generated by sequentially running the four nucleotide precursors over the fi ...
Biotechnology
Biotechnology

... of a gene or other DNA segment • To work directly with specific genes, scientists prepare gene-sized pieces of DNA in identical copies, a process called DNA cloning • Most methods for cloning pieces of DNA in the laboratory share general features, such as the use of bacteria and their plasmids • Pla ...
Genetics Course Outcome Summary Course Information
Genetics Course Outcome Summary Course Information

... b. Describe the roles restriction enzymes and vectors play in recombinant DNA technology. c. Explain how genes can be transferred to eukaryotic cells. d. Describe how polymerase chain reaction makes DNA copies without host cells. e. Describe the genomic library and its role in cloning. f. Describe t ...
BIOL 222 - philipdarrenjones.com
BIOL 222 - philipdarrenjones.com

... 2. Diagram a DNA replication bubble and label it using all of the following terms wherever appropriate (may be used more than once): helicase, topoisomerase, 5’, 3’, DNA polymerase, ligase, replication fork, leading strand, lagging strand, single strand binding protein, origin of replication, Okazak ...
Part VI - OCCC.edu
Part VI - OCCC.edu

... Fill in the second strand of DNA above. Now use the second strand of DNA to make the mRNA: Translate the mRNA into protein; what is the result? What effect do you think this would have on the functioning of the hemoglobin molecule? _____________________________________ 3. If you look up the HBB gene ...
Ch19EukaryoticGeneControl - Environmental
Ch19EukaryoticGeneControl - Environmental

... control of transcription by regulatory proteins  operon system no introns, small amount of non-coding DNA  regulatory sequences: promoters, operators ...
< 1 ... 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 ... 652 >

Molecular cloning



Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. The use of the word cloning refers to the fact that the method involves the replication of one molecule to produce a population of cells with identical DNA molecules. Molecular cloning generally uses DNA sequences from two different organisms: the species that is the source of the DNA to be cloned, and the species that will serve as the living host for replication of the recombinant DNA. Molecular cloning methods are central to many contemporary areas of modern biology and medicine.In a conventional molecular cloning experiment, the DNA to be cloned is obtained from an organism of interest, then treated with enzymes in the test tube to generate smaller DNA fragments. Subsequently, these fragments are then combined with vector DNA to generate recombinant DNA molecules. The recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism (typically an easy-to-grow, benign, laboratory strain of E. coli bacteria). This will generate a population of organisms in which recombinant DNA molecules are replicated along with the host DNA. Because they contain foreign DNA fragments, these are transgenic or genetically modified microorganisms (GMO). This process takes advantage of the fact that a single bacterial cell can be induced to take up and replicate a single recombinant DNA molecule. This single cell can then be expanded exponentially to generate a large amount of bacteria, each of which contain copies of the original recombinant molecule. Thus, both the resulting bacterial population, and the recombinant DNA molecule, are commonly referred to as ""clones"". Strictly speaking, recombinant DNA refers to DNA molecules, while molecular cloning refers to the experimental methods used to assemble them.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report