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Gene Expression
Gene Expression

... w RNA poly continues transcribing downstream for a ways before disconnecting. ...
Sal I (R0754) - Datasheet - Sigma
Sal I (R0754) - Datasheet - Sigma

... activity under non-optimal conditions. 100 units of Sal I can be heat inactivated after 15 minutes at 65 °C. Sal I Storage and Dilution Buffer: 10 mM Tris-HCl, 1.0 mM EDTA, 10 mM dithioerythritol, and 50% (v/v) glycerol, pH 7.5 Activity: 10,000 units/ml Cutting: 100% Unit Definition: One unit is the ...
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... experimentally, UV is one of the most extensively studied mutagens. It can damage the DNA in several ways, but the most common is by causing the formation of a pair of covalent bonds between adjacent thymine residues in a DNA strand, generating what is known as a thymine dimer. Thymine dimers cause ...
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... by reduction of the ions to yield catalytic sites for the cluster growth [4]. By this method, palladium and platinum clusters grow on DNA molecule templates to fabricate palladium and platinum nanowires [5,6]. The conductivity results have demonstrated that wire-like metallic structures can be used ...
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DNA
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... The main role of DNA is information storage. It is transmitted from generation to generation: all the information required to make and maintain a new organism is stored in its DNA. The information required to reproduce even very complex organisms is stored on a relatively small number of DNA molecul ...
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Molecular cloning



Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. The use of the word cloning refers to the fact that the method involves the replication of one molecule to produce a population of cells with identical DNA molecules. Molecular cloning generally uses DNA sequences from two different organisms: the species that is the source of the DNA to be cloned, and the species that will serve as the living host for replication of the recombinant DNA. Molecular cloning methods are central to many contemporary areas of modern biology and medicine.In a conventional molecular cloning experiment, the DNA to be cloned is obtained from an organism of interest, then treated with enzymes in the test tube to generate smaller DNA fragments. Subsequently, these fragments are then combined with vector DNA to generate recombinant DNA molecules. The recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism (typically an easy-to-grow, benign, laboratory strain of E. coli bacteria). This will generate a population of organisms in which recombinant DNA molecules are replicated along with the host DNA. Because they contain foreign DNA fragments, these are transgenic or genetically modified microorganisms (GMO). This process takes advantage of the fact that a single bacterial cell can be induced to take up and replicate a single recombinant DNA molecule. This single cell can then be expanded exponentially to generate a large amount of bacteria, each of which contain copies of the original recombinant molecule. Thus, both the resulting bacterial population, and the recombinant DNA molecule, are commonly referred to as ""clones"". Strictly speaking, recombinant DNA refers to DNA molecules, while molecular cloning refers to the experimental methods used to assemble them.
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