characterization of a printed circuit board via
... effects on the capacitance and inductance of the via will be studied as its physical geometry is altered. Specifically, capacitance and inductance will be monitored as the radius of the pad, cylinder, and ground-backoff are varied. An equivalent circuit for the via is developed that can accurately m ...
... effects on the capacitance and inductance of the via will be studied as its physical geometry is altered. Specifically, capacitance and inductance will be monitored as the radius of the pad, cylinder, and ground-backoff are varied. An equivalent circuit for the via is developed that can accurately m ...
harmonic treatment in industrial power systems
... effect for all equipment not covered by the standard prior to 1987. - The objective of EN 61000-3-2 (harmonics) is to test the equipment under the conditions that will produce the maximum harmonic amplitudes under normal operating conditions for each harmonic component. To establish limits for simil ...
... effect for all equipment not covered by the standard prior to 1987. - The objective of EN 61000-3-2 (harmonics) is to test the equipment under the conditions that will produce the maximum harmonic amplitudes under normal operating conditions for each harmonic component. To establish limits for simil ...
Complex Numbers, Phasors and Circuits
... a differential equation. The key to the success of phasors is that with the exponential representation one can immediately separate frequency and phase information. Direct solution of the timedependent differential equation is only necessary for transients. Integro-differential equations ...
... a differential equation. The key to the success of phasors is that with the exponential representation one can immediately separate frequency and phase information. Direct solution of the timedependent differential equation is only necessary for transients. Integro-differential equations ...
Design and Implementation of a 7-8 GHz Low-Noise Amplifier Sajid Zaheer
... anyone to read, to download, to print out single copies for your own use and to use it unchanged for any non-commercial research and educational purpose. Subsequent transfers of copyright cannot revoke this permission. All other uses of the document are conditional on the consent of the copyright ow ...
... anyone to read, to download, to print out single copies for your own use and to use it unchanged for any non-commercial research and educational purpose. Subsequent transfers of copyright cannot revoke this permission. All other uses of the document are conditional on the consent of the copyright ow ...
Advanced Sequence Elements for Line Current Differential
... the current ratio of phase and sequence elements under various fault conditions. This paper established that, in three-pole tripping applications, phase elements are limited in sensitivity. It is possible to extend this sensitivity through the use of sequence elements. In single-pole tripping applic ...
... the current ratio of phase and sequence elements under various fault conditions. This paper established that, in three-pole tripping applications, phase elements are limited in sensitivity. It is possible to extend this sensitivity through the use of sequence elements. In single-pole tripping applic ...
LCR Parallel Circuits - Electronics for fun!
... theory only of course, but their use makes understanding of basic concepts (hopefully) easier. It allows consideration of the effects of L and C, ignoring any circuit resistance that would be present in a practical circuit. Fig 10.1.2 shows phasor diagrams for the circuit in Fig 10.1.1 under three d ...
... theory only of course, but their use makes understanding of basic concepts (hopefully) easier. It allows consideration of the effects of L and C, ignoring any circuit resistance that would be present in a practical circuit. Fig 10.1.2 shows phasor diagrams for the circuit in Fig 10.1.1 under three d ...
Impedance probe technique to detect the absolute number density M. Wakabayashi
... configuration with single antenna, remarkable EMC char- DDS device. Another improvement is put on the capaciacteristics for compatibility with other instruments, and en- tance bridge circuit by using a high-speed differential amdurance of environmental factor. It also does not need spin plifier IC w ...
... configuration with single antenna, remarkable EMC char- DDS device. Another improvement is put on the capaciacteristics for compatibility with other instruments, and en- tance bridge circuit by using a high-speed differential amdurance of environmental factor. It also does not need spin plifier IC w ...
3 Basic Electrical Measurements
... low price. The most important advantage is that the majority of such instruments can work without any additional power supply. Since people’s eyes are sensitive to movement also this psycho-physiological aspect of analogue indicating instruments (with moving pointer) is appreciated. On the other han ...
... low price. The most important advantage is that the majority of such instruments can work without any additional power supply. Since people’s eyes are sensitive to movement also this psycho-physiological aspect of analogue indicating instruments (with moving pointer) is appreciated. On the other han ...
APN1015: A Dual-Band Switchable IF VCO for GSM/PCS Handsets
... and 0.62 GHz bands using these two concepts. In the intraresonator-switching scheme in Figure 3a, the capacitance changes from 10 pF to 5.8 pF. In this case, 4.2 pF was added to jump to the lower frequency band. Alternately, in the interresonator switching scheme, 2 pF was added to the switching pat ...
... and 0.62 GHz bands using these two concepts. In the intraresonator-switching scheme in Figure 3a, the capacitance changes from 10 pF to 5.8 pF. In this case, 4.2 pF was added to jump to the lower frequency band. Alternately, in the interresonator switching scheme, 2 pF was added to the switching pat ...
instruction manual - Fenwal
... This "discrete" sensing capability offers greater sensitivity and response than systems relying on the "averaging" technique in which the whole sensing system must reach a certain average temperature level to create an alarm. Further, the system is the only system in which a single controller can be ...
... This "discrete" sensing capability offers greater sensitivity and response than systems relying on the "averaging" technique in which the whole sensing system must reach a certain average temperature level to create an alarm. Further, the system is the only system in which a single controller can be ...
2. delay elements
... 5. REFERENCES: 1. A 0.5–5-GHz Wide-Range Multiphase DLL With a Calibrated Charge Pump Chi-Nan Chuang, Student Member, IEEE, and Shen-Iuan Liu, Senior Member, IEEE,2007 2. A Novel Low‐Power and High‐Performance Dual‐Loop DLL with Linear Delay Element, M. Gharib, Department of Electrical Engineering ...
... 5. REFERENCES: 1. A 0.5–5-GHz Wide-Range Multiphase DLL With a Calibrated Charge Pump Chi-Nan Chuang, Student Member, IEEE, and Shen-Iuan Liu, Senior Member, IEEE,2007 2. A Novel Low‐Power and High‐Performance Dual‐Loop DLL with Linear Delay Element, M. Gharib, Department of Electrical Engineering ...
CMOS Phase-Locked-Loop Applications (Rev. B)
... section where there are a number of references that support the descriptions and explanations given in this application report. The symbols and terminology used in this application report primarily follow the book, Phase-Lock Techniques.[1] The details of derivations of the equations can be found in ...
... section where there are a number of references that support the descriptions and explanations given in this application report. The symbols and terminology used in this application report primarily follow the book, Phase-Lock Techniques.[1] The details of derivations of the equations can be found in ...
A SiGe BiCMOS LNA FOR mm-WAVE APPLICATIONS
... simulator. The electrical characteristics of the passive structures are exported to a SPICE netlist which is included in a circuit simulator to evaluate and investigate the LNA performance. Two LNAs are designed and prototyped using the 0.13 µm SiGe BiCMOS process from IBM as part of the experimenta ...
... simulator. The electrical characteristics of the passive structures are exported to a SPICE netlist which is included in a circuit simulator to evaluate and investigate the LNA performance. Two LNAs are designed and prototyped using the 0.13 µm SiGe BiCMOS process from IBM as part of the experimenta ...
Presentation Title Here
... • Connect the low-side FET’s source to the input- cap ground directly on the same layer, then connect to the ground plane ...
... • Connect the low-side FET’s source to the input- cap ground directly on the same layer, then connect to the ground plane ...
lecture guide – unit 19
... Wet – Positive plate is aluminum foil; negative plate actually an electrolyte made from borax solution. Second piece of foil in contact with electrolyte becomes negative terminal. Electrolyte is very thin – reverse current will dissolve, but correcting current direction can restore film. Dry – simil ...
... Wet – Positive plate is aluminum foil; negative plate actually an electrolyte made from borax solution. Second piece of foil in contact with electrolyte becomes negative terminal. Electrolyte is very thin – reverse current will dissolve, but correcting current direction can restore film. Dry – simil ...
ADL5387 数据手册DataSheet 下载
... Local Oscillator. External LO input is at 2xLO frequency. A single-ended LO at 0 dBm can be applied through a 1000 pF capacitor to LOIP. LOIN should be ac-grounded, also using a 1000 pF. These inputs can also be driven differentially through a balun (recommended balun is M/A-COM ETC1-1-13). I-Channe ...
... Local Oscillator. External LO input is at 2xLO frequency. A single-ended LO at 0 dBm can be applied through a 1000 pF capacitor to LOIP. LOIN should be ac-grounded, also using a 1000 pF. These inputs can also be driven differentially through a balun (recommended balun is M/A-COM ETC1-1-13). I-Channe ...
Electroacoustic modelling of the subwoofer enclosures
... it generates a volume velocity SD u. Due to air load and possible loading from the box where the driver is mounted, this creates a counterforce SD pD , which in turn resists movement of the diaphragm. This is seen as reduction in the driver electrical impedance. ZAB is the acoustic load impedance of ...
... it generates a volume velocity SD u. Due to air load and possible loading from the box where the driver is mounted, this creates a counterforce SD pD , which in turn resists movement of the diaphragm. This is seen as reduction in the driver electrical impedance. ZAB is the acoustic load impedance of ...
BACnet Flow Controller for Fan Filter Units
... BACnet - MS/TP is based on a RS-485 network. It must be wired in a daisy chain configuration. A daisy chain means that there is only one main cable, and every network device is connected directly along its path. ...
... BACnet - MS/TP is based on a RS-485 network. It must be wired in a daisy chain configuration. A daisy chain means that there is only one main cable, and every network device is connected directly along its path. ...
Single-Port TDR, TDR/TDT, and 2-Port TDR
... many of which are illustrated in this application note series. If your applications involve signals with rise times shorter than one nanosecond, transmission line properties of the interconnects are important. TDR is a versatile tool to provide a window into the performance of your interconnects to ...
... many of which are illustrated in this application note series. If your applications involve signals with rise times shorter than one nanosecond, transmission line properties of the interconnects are important. TDR is a versatile tool to provide a window into the performance of your interconnects to ...
Lecture 9: EM Transmission Lines and Smith Chart
... lines, we will simplify our discussion by using a simple model consisting of distributed inductors and capacitors. This model is valid if any dimension of the line transverse to the direction of propagation is much less than the wavelength in a free space. The transmission lines considered here supp ...
... lines, we will simplify our discussion by using a simple model consisting of distributed inductors and capacitors. This model is valid if any dimension of the line transverse to the direction of propagation is much less than the wavelength in a free space. The transmission lines considered here supp ...
Slide 1 - Oxford University Press
... Figure 16.39 The basic principle of tuned amplifiers is illustrated using a MOSFET with a tuned-circuit load. Bias details are not shown. Microelectronic Circuits, Sixth Edition ...
... Figure 16.39 The basic principle of tuned amplifiers is illustrated using a MOSFET with a tuned-circuit load. Bias details are not shown. Microelectronic Circuits, Sixth Edition ...
The Dipole
... A dipole can be thought of as a two wire transmission line in which the two conductors are folded out at right angles to each other. Dipole Length, l ...
... A dipole can be thought of as a two wire transmission line in which the two conductors are folded out at right angles to each other. Dipole Length, l ...
Microwave Amplifiers Design Peter Kijanga
... external matching circuits and Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) amplifier. First step in this project was to select radio frequency transistor suitable for specified design targets. Design process was done by AWR microwave office software tool. The AWR microwave office was used to chec ...
... external matching circuits and Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) amplifier. First step in this project was to select radio frequency transistor suitable for specified design targets. Design process was done by AWR microwave office software tool. The AWR microwave office was used to chec ...
Distributed element filter
A distributed element filter is an electronic filter in which capacitance, inductance and resistance (the elements of the circuit) are not localised in discrete capacitors, inductors and resistors as they are in conventional filters. Its purpose is to allow a range of signal frequencies to pass, but to block others. Conventional filters are constructed from inductors and capacitors, and the circuits so built are described by the lumped element model, which considers each element to be ""lumped together"" at one place. That model is conceptually simple, but it becomes increasingly unreliable as the frequency of the signal increases, or equivalently as the wavelength decreases. The distributed element model applies at all frequencies, and is used in transmission line theory; many distributed element components are made of short lengths of transmission line. In the distributed view of circuits, the elements are distributed along the length of conductors and are inextricably mixed together. The filter design is usually concerned only with inductance and capacitance, but because of this mixing of elements they cannot be treated as separate ""lumped"" capacitors and inductors. There is no precise frequency above which distributed element filters must be used but they are especially associated with the microwave band (wavelength less than one metre).Distributed element filters are used in many of the same applications as lumped element filters, such as selectivity of radio channel, bandlimiting of noise and multiplexing of many signals into one channel. Distributed element filters may be constructed to have any of the bandforms possible with lumped elements (low-pass, band-pass, etc.) with the exception of high-pass, which is usually only approximated. All filter classes used in lumped element designs (Butterworth, Chebyshev, etc.) can be implemented using a distributed element approach.There are many component forms used to construct distributed element filters, but all have the common property of causing a discontinuity on the transmission line. These discontinuities present a reactive impedance to a wavefront travelling down the line, and these reactances can be chosen by design to serve as approximations for lumped inductors, capacitors or resonators, as required by the filter.The development of distributed element filters was spurred on by the military need for radar and electronic counter measures during World War II. Lumped element analogue filters had long before been developed but these new military systems operated at microwave frequencies and new filter designs were required. When the war ended, the technology found applications in the microwave links used by telephone companies and other organisations with large fixed-communication networks, such as television broadcasters. Nowadays the technology can be found in several mass-produced consumer items, such as the converters (figure 1 shows an example) used with satellite television dishes.