Test Methodologies for Today`s Fastest Digital Data Interfaces
... Timing and Voltage Requirements – The Rambus 800Mbps data transfer rate requires timing margins to be maintained with high degree of accuracy. – Rambus signals use low voltage swings of 0.8V. – Signal reflections caused by impedance discontinuities reduce timing and voltage margins. – All the Rambus ...
... Timing and Voltage Requirements – The Rambus 800Mbps data transfer rate requires timing margins to be maintained with high degree of accuracy. – Rambus signals use low voltage swings of 0.8V. – Signal reflections caused by impedance discontinuities reduce timing and voltage margins. – All the Rambus ...
A Low-Loss VHF/UHF Diplexer
... isolation to the UHF port. Similarly, the UHF path (between UHF and common ports) yields low IL at UHF and high isolation to the VHF port. If we consider that both bands are sufficiently distant (fUHF / f VHF ≈3 in this case), several possibilities arise to solve the diplexer design problem. We coul ...
... isolation to the UHF port. Similarly, the UHF path (between UHF and common ports) yields low IL at UHF and high isolation to the VHF port. If we consider that both bands are sufficiently distant (fUHF / f VHF ≈3 in this case), several possibilities arise to solve the diplexer design problem. We coul ...
7 Series FPGAs PCB Design Guide (UG483)
... About This Guide Xilinx® 7 series FPGAs include four FPGA families that are all designed for lowest power to enable a common design to scale across families for optimal power, performance, and cost. The Spartan®7 family is the lowest density with the lowest cost entry point into the 7 series portfol ...
... About This Guide Xilinx® 7 series FPGAs include four FPGA families that are all designed for lowest power to enable a common design to scale across families for optimal power, performance, and cost. The Spartan®7 family is the lowest density with the lowest cost entry point into the 7 series portfol ...
Pettersson - Tampereen teknillinen yliopisto
... The results show that all topologies included in the study have good filtering performance, but the efficiency of the voltage source topologies is much better than that of the current source topology with conventional dc-link structure. However, by using the hybrid energy storage and the enhanced dc ...
... The results show that all topologies included in the study have good filtering performance, but the efficiency of the voltage source topologies is much better than that of the current source topology with conventional dc-link structure. However, by using the hybrid energy storage and the enhanced dc ...
Noise Suppression by EMIFILr Digital Equipment
... noise antenna. As shown in the diagram above, the IC2 output terminal, which is open in the previous experiment, is connected to an approx. 10cm signal pattern, and the signal pattern is terminated with IC3. The noise radiation measurement from this PWB is shown in the chart above. From noting the h ...
... noise antenna. As shown in the diagram above, the IC2 output terminal, which is open in the previous experiment, is connected to an approx. 10cm signal pattern, and the signal pattern is terminated with IC3. The noise radiation measurement from this PWB is shown in the chart above. From noting the h ...
to the possibility of calculation
... received considerable attentions owing to their larger dynamic range and wider bandwidth with respect to operational amplifier based circuits. As a result, current-mode active components have been increasingly used to realize active filters, sinusoidal oscillators and immittances. Quadrature oscilla ...
... received considerable attentions owing to their larger dynamic range and wider bandwidth with respect to operational amplifier based circuits. As a result, current-mode active components have been increasingly used to realize active filters, sinusoidal oscillators and immittances. Quadrature oscilla ...
12. CMOS Active Filters - Classes
... place them at the beginning, middle and end of the filter. This will prevent the input offset from overloading the filter, and also will prevent the internal offsets of the filter from accumulating (and hence decreasing the available signal swing). • The amount of thermal noise at the filter output ...
... place them at the beginning, middle and end of the filter. This will prevent the input offset from overloading the filter, and also will prevent the internal offsets of the filter from accumulating (and hence decreasing the available signal swing). • The amount of thermal noise at the filter output ...
Techo notes – Capacitors – fixed value
... MKT or plastic capacitors: These are available in values from 0.0001 uF to perhaps 10.0 uF with the most commonly used values in the range of 0.001 uF to 1.0 uF. They are available with tolerance ratings from 5% to 20% and voltage ratings from 63 to 630 Volt. Quite often referred to as film capacito ...
... MKT or plastic capacitors: These are available in values from 0.0001 uF to perhaps 10.0 uF with the most commonly used values in the range of 0.001 uF to 1.0 uF. They are available with tolerance ratings from 5% to 20% and voltage ratings from 63 to 630 Volt. Quite often referred to as film capacito ...
Large Dynamic Range Dynamically Biased Log-Domain
... This dissertation investigates the enhancement of the dynamic range per unit power consumption of analog filters using dynamic biasing. A technique for realizing dynamically biased log-domain filters while maintaining input-output linearity is presented. This method is much simpler than previously k ...
... This dissertation investigates the enhancement of the dynamic range per unit power consumption of analog filters using dynamic biasing. A technique for realizing dynamically biased log-domain filters while maintaining input-output linearity is presented. This method is much simpler than previously k ...
XAPP231
... This application note describes how to use LVDS signaling for high-performance multi-drop applications with Virtex-E FPGAs. Multi-drop LVDS allows many receivers to be driven by one Virtex-E LVDS driver. Simulation results indicate that the reference design described here will operate from DC up to ...
... This application note describes how to use LVDS signaling for high-performance multi-drop applications with Virtex-E FPGAs. Multi-drop LVDS allows many receivers to be driven by one Virtex-E LVDS driver. Simulation results indicate that the reference design described here will operate from DC up to ...
Single-Time-Constant Circuits
... To construct the Bode Plot for the different STC circuits To draw the Bode Plot of the amplifier gain given its transfer characteristics ...
... To construct the Bode Plot for the different STC circuits To draw the Bode Plot of the amplifier gain given its transfer characteristics ...
Highly Linear 2.45 GHz Low-Noise Amplifier Design LiU-ITN-TEK-A-15/042-SE
... One critical component of the communication receiver of front-end system is the low-noise amplifier (LNA). For good sensitivity and dynamic range, the LNA should provide a low noise figure and maximum attainable power gain. Another concern is the linearity of the LNA. Strong signals produce intermod ...
... One critical component of the communication receiver of front-end system is the low-noise amplifier (LNA). For good sensitivity and dynamic range, the LNA should provide a low noise figure and maximum attainable power gain. Another concern is the linearity of the LNA. Strong signals produce intermod ...
Distance Relays - GE Grid Solutions
... characteristic toward the R axis and beyond at very low values of current. This effect can be neglected in the normal application of reactance relays. It should be noted in passing that, if the torque equation is of the general form T = K1I 2 – K2VI cos (θ – τ) – K 3 , and if τ is made some value ot ...
... characteristic toward the R axis and beyond at very low values of current. This effect can be neglected in the normal application of reactance relays. It should be noted in passing that, if the torque equation is of the general form T = K1I 2 – K2VI cos (θ – τ) – K 3 , and if τ is made some value ot ...
AD5933 英文数据手册DataSheet 下载
... The AD5933 is a high precision impedance converter system solution that combines an on-board frequency generator with a 12-bit, 1 MSPS, analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The frequency generator allows an external complex impedance to be excited with a known frequency. The response signal from the i ...
... The AD5933 is a high precision impedance converter system solution that combines an on-board frequency generator with a 12-bit, 1 MSPS, analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The frequency generator allows an external complex impedance to be excited with a known frequency. The response signal from the i ...
Circuits with Resistor Combinations (2.6, 8.7)
... Solving Circuits with Series and Parallel Combinations • The combination of series and parallel impedances can be used to find voltages and currents in circuits. • This process can often yield the fastest solutions to networks. • This process may not apply to complicated networks. ECE201 Lect-7 ...
... Solving Circuits with Series and Parallel Combinations • The combination of series and parallel impedances can be used to find voltages and currents in circuits. • This process can often yield the fastest solutions to networks. • This process may not apply to complicated networks. ECE201 Lect-7 ...
Y L A 6/ 3
... In Part A, following a survey of the existing noise analysis of FM systems, use is made of a recent evaluation of the impulsive noise component which is due to Rice. It is shown that this excess-noise component predominates in the threshold region of most conventional FM systems. A new analytical ex ...
... In Part A, following a survey of the existing noise analysis of FM systems, use is made of a recent evaluation of the impulsive noise component which is due to Rice. It is shown that this excess-noise component predominates in the threshold region of most conventional FM systems. A new analytical ex ...
Audio Transformers - Jensen Transformers
... magnetic pole to the other and, like an electric current, always favors the paths of highest conductivity or least resistance. The equivalent of applied voltage in magnetic circuits is magnetizing force, symbolized H. It is directly proportional to “ampere-turns” (coil current I times its number of ...
... magnetic pole to the other and, like an electric current, always favors the paths of highest conductivity or least resistance. The equivalent of applied voltage in magnetic circuits is magnetizing force, symbolized H. It is directly proportional to “ampere-turns” (coil current I times its number of ...
K 1 - Elecraft
... board can be swapped in at any time. There are two plug-in options, including a noise blanker (KNB1) and automatic antenna tuner (KAT1). There's also an internal AA-cell battery option (KBT1). These options can be installed easily at any time. ...
... board can be swapped in at any time. There are two plug-in options, including a noise blanker (KNB1) and automatic antenna tuner (KAT1). There's also an internal AA-cell battery option (KBT1). These options can be installed easily at any time. ...
A p p l i c a t i o...
... parasitic capacitance of the diode. PIN diodes with its lightly doped intrinsic semiconductor region between the ptype and n-type region make capacitances of only a few tenths of a picofarad possible. However, the charge carrier life time of general purpose PIN diodes is in the microsecond range and ...
... parasitic capacitance of the diode. PIN diodes with its lightly doped intrinsic semiconductor region between the ptype and n-type region make capacitances of only a few tenths of a picofarad possible. However, the charge carrier life time of general purpose PIN diodes is in the microsecond range and ...
VANI INSTITUTE GATE/IES
... voltmeter method of determining the value of the resistance R using the circuit shown in the figure. The maximum possible errors of the voltmeter and ammeter are known to be 1% and 2% of their readings, respectively Neglecting the effects of meter resistances, the maximum possible percentage error i ...
... voltmeter method of determining the value of the resistance R using the circuit shown in the figure. The maximum possible errors of the voltmeter and ammeter are known to be 1% and 2% of their readings, respectively Neglecting the effects of meter resistances, the maximum possible percentage error i ...
Fundamentals Of Electric Circuits-Charles K. Alexander, Matthew
... sinusoidal sources; solutions of such circuits would be intractable otherwise. The notion of solving ac circuits using phasors was first introduced by Charles Steinmetz in 1893. Before we completely define phasors and apply them to circuit analysis, we need to be thoroughly familiar with complex num ...
... sinusoidal sources; solutions of such circuits would be intractable otherwise. The notion of solving ac circuits using phasors was first introduced by Charles Steinmetz in 1893. Before we completely define phasors and apply them to circuit analysis, we need to be thoroughly familiar with complex num ...
0724.PSpice Tutorial for Customer - TI E2E Community
... 8. Now let’s create THS1234 netlist. Open an empty text editor, type the following netlist and save it as THS1234.lib. In reality, Pspice does not really care if you want to name it THS1234.txt or THS1234.lib. However, our standard modeling procedure called for .lib file as our netlist ...
... 8. Now let’s create THS1234 netlist. Open an empty text editor, type the following netlist and save it as THS1234.lib. In reality, Pspice does not really care if you want to name it THS1234.txt or THS1234.lib. However, our standard modeling procedure called for .lib file as our netlist ...
Advanced Mixers
... Getting rid of the LNA seems like a really bad idea. Isn’t an LNA a must ? The LNA input impedance is matched to the antenna (or filter) for optimal power transfer into the receiver. Furthermore, the impedance match simplified board design since transmission lines can be used to bring in the signal ...
... Getting rid of the LNA seems like a really bad idea. Isn’t an LNA a must ? The LNA input impedance is matched to the antenna (or filter) for optimal power transfer into the receiver. Furthermore, the impedance match simplified board design since transmission lines can be used to bring in the signal ...
1 - LIGO - Caltech
... about 10-4 starting at 100 Hz, which is in our bandwidth of interest. On the other hand, because the gravitational restoring force is lossless, the Q of the pendulum is high (~106), hence the mirror needs damping at its low frequency resonances to hold it steady for interferometry. OSEMs (Optical Se ...
... about 10-4 starting at 100 Hz, which is in our bandwidth of interest. On the other hand, because the gravitational restoring force is lossless, the Q of the pendulum is high (~106), hence the mirror needs damping at its low frequency resonances to hold it steady for interferometry. OSEMs (Optical Se ...
ChuasCircuitForHighSchoolStudents-PREPRINT
... sometimes irregular? Or water flowing through an obstacle in a way that can be either smooth (laminar) or turbulent? At some point in time we all notice these phenomenons, however they are usually very hard to explain. It was only after Edward Lorenz [Lorenz, 1963] came to conclude that his computer ...
... sometimes irregular? Or water flowing through an obstacle in a way that can be either smooth (laminar) or turbulent? At some point in time we all notice these phenomenons, however they are usually very hard to explain. It was only after Edward Lorenz [Lorenz, 1963] came to conclude that his computer ...
Distributed element filter
A distributed element filter is an electronic filter in which capacitance, inductance and resistance (the elements of the circuit) are not localised in discrete capacitors, inductors and resistors as they are in conventional filters. Its purpose is to allow a range of signal frequencies to pass, but to block others. Conventional filters are constructed from inductors and capacitors, and the circuits so built are described by the lumped element model, which considers each element to be ""lumped together"" at one place. That model is conceptually simple, but it becomes increasingly unreliable as the frequency of the signal increases, or equivalently as the wavelength decreases. The distributed element model applies at all frequencies, and is used in transmission line theory; many distributed element components are made of short lengths of transmission line. In the distributed view of circuits, the elements are distributed along the length of conductors and are inextricably mixed together. The filter design is usually concerned only with inductance and capacitance, but because of this mixing of elements they cannot be treated as separate ""lumped"" capacitors and inductors. There is no precise frequency above which distributed element filters must be used but they are especially associated with the microwave band (wavelength less than one metre).Distributed element filters are used in many of the same applications as lumped element filters, such as selectivity of radio channel, bandlimiting of noise and multiplexing of many signals into one channel. Distributed element filters may be constructed to have any of the bandforms possible with lumped elements (low-pass, band-pass, etc.) with the exception of high-pass, which is usually only approximated. All filter classes used in lumped element designs (Butterworth, Chebyshev, etc.) can be implemented using a distributed element approach.There are many component forms used to construct distributed element filters, but all have the common property of causing a discontinuity on the transmission line. These discontinuities present a reactive impedance to a wavefront travelling down the line, and these reactances can be chosen by design to serve as approximations for lumped inductors, capacitors or resonators, as required by the filter.The development of distributed element filters was spurred on by the military need for radar and electronic counter measures during World War II. Lumped element analogue filters had long before been developed but these new military systems operated at microwave frequencies and new filter designs were required. When the war ended, the technology found applications in the microwave links used by telephone companies and other organisations with large fixed-communication networks, such as television broadcasters. Nowadays the technology can be found in several mass-produced consumer items, such as the converters (figure 1 shows an example) used with satellite television dishes.