Neurotransmitters
... Whether a neuron “responds” or not, depends on temporal and spatial summation of EPSPs and IPSPs These channels open and close rapidly providing a means for rapid activation or rapid inhibition of postsynaptic neurons. There might be EPSP’s firing at the same time as IPSP’s. Add up all the charges ...
... Whether a neuron “responds” or not, depends on temporal and spatial summation of EPSPs and IPSPs These channels open and close rapidly providing a means for rapid activation or rapid inhibition of postsynaptic neurons. There might be EPSP’s firing at the same time as IPSP’s. Add up all the charges ...
ch15 autonomic nervous system
... A. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates the activity of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and certain glands. B. Operation of the ANS to maintain homeostasis, however, depends on a continual flow of sensory afferent input, from receptors in organs, and efferent motor output to the same effector ...
... A. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates the activity of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and certain glands. B. Operation of the ANS to maintain homeostasis, however, depends on a continual flow of sensory afferent input, from receptors in organs, and efferent motor output to the same effector ...
the giant serotonergic neuron of aplysia: a multi
... of synapses on axonal processes and cell bodies of neurons in the buccal ganglion and, unexpectedly, it forms appositions most often with glial cells which form the lining of intraganglionic hemal sinuses. Thus, GCN, through contacts on a variety of postsynaptic targets, has the potential of mediati ...
... of synapses on axonal processes and cell bodies of neurons in the buccal ganglion and, unexpectedly, it forms appositions most often with glial cells which form the lining of intraganglionic hemal sinuses. Thus, GCN, through contacts on a variety of postsynaptic targets, has the potential of mediati ...
DECISION MAKING AND THE BRAIN: NEUROLOGISTS` VIEW
... frontal cortex where the programmes and decisions finally transform into acts; these connections are called cortico-subcortico-frontal pathways. These connections are anatomical substrate for understanding the relationship between behaviour such as decision making and the brain. There are five pathw ...
... frontal cortex where the programmes and decisions finally transform into acts; these connections are called cortico-subcortico-frontal pathways. These connections are anatomical substrate for understanding the relationship between behaviour such as decision making and the brain. There are five pathw ...
Neural Substrate Expansion for the Restoration of Brain
... reduces the number of computational processing units, such as cortical columns, that are available for transforming convergent inputs into patterned divergent outputs while injury to gray and white matter disrupts connectivity, hindering the flow of information within and among computational centers ...
... reduces the number of computational processing units, such as cortical columns, that are available for transforming convergent inputs into patterned divergent outputs while injury to gray and white matter disrupts connectivity, hindering the flow of information within and among computational centers ...
Article
... a time-dependent fashion after each input, which in turn produces time-dependent neuronal responses. In essence, in the same manner that long-term plasticity may provide a memory of a learning experience (Martin et al., 2000), SDNs use short-term synaptic plasticity to provide a memory trace of the ...
... a time-dependent fashion after each input, which in turn produces time-dependent neuronal responses. In essence, in the same manner that long-term plasticity may provide a memory of a learning experience (Martin et al., 2000), SDNs use short-term synaptic plasticity to provide a memory trace of the ...
NIH Public Access
... interplay between cortical morphology, age, and cognitive function. Here, researchers found that children of differing intelligence demonstrate different rates of maturation, particularly in frontal and temporal cortical regions, and that these trajectories interact with age (Shaw et al. 2006). In F ...
... interplay between cortical morphology, age, and cognitive function. Here, researchers found that children of differing intelligence demonstrate different rates of maturation, particularly in frontal and temporal cortical regions, and that these trajectories interact with age (Shaw et al. 2006). In F ...
bupropion and the autonomic nervous system
... bodies (or neurons) that travel to a large extent with the blood vessels to all parts of the body. Through these nervous pathways, the autonomic nerves convey stimuli resulting in largely unconscious, reflex, bodily adjustments such as in the size of the pupil, the digestive functions of the stomach ...
... bodies (or neurons) that travel to a large extent with the blood vessels to all parts of the body. Through these nervous pathways, the autonomic nerves convey stimuli resulting in largely unconscious, reflex, bodily adjustments such as in the size of the pupil, the digestive functions of the stomach ...
Stochastic Model of Central Synapses: Slow Diffusion of Transmitter
... 1997). We compute the distribution of amplitudes, rise and decay times of AMPA mediated EPSCs, which turn out to be as broad as observed experimentally (Jonas et al., 1993; Spruston et al., 1995). In a third step we derive a novel chemical kinetic scheme describing individual, spatially distributed ...
... 1997). We compute the distribution of amplitudes, rise and decay times of AMPA mediated EPSCs, which turn out to be as broad as observed experimentally (Jonas et al., 1993; Spruston et al., 1995). In a third step we derive a novel chemical kinetic scheme describing individual, spatially distributed ...
8 pages - Science for Monks
... the brain is by itself. During my waking hours my brain is bombarded and is always busy sorting information. During deep sleep, when all our sensory input is blocked, the brain is by itself. In this particular state, when thalamocortical oscillations are almost hyperpolarized, we experience slow-wav ...
... the brain is by itself. During my waking hours my brain is bombarded and is always busy sorting information. During deep sleep, when all our sensory input is blocked, the brain is by itself. In this particular state, when thalamocortical oscillations are almost hyperpolarized, we experience slow-wav ...
How does an axon know where to go?
... 1. neurons are intrinsically different from one another 2. Differences in position are biochemical in nature 3. Differences are acquired early in development ...
... 1. neurons are intrinsically different from one another 2. Differences in position are biochemical in nature 3. Differences are acquired early in development ...
The Molecular and Neuroanatomical Basis for Estrogen Effects in
... Table 1 and Fig. 1) (2). Noteworthy among these novel actions of estrogens is the activation of phosphorylation of the transcription regulator, cAMP response element-binding protein (25, 26), and of the MAP kinase pathway (27), which represent novel ways in which estrogens can interact with signalin ...
... Table 1 and Fig. 1) (2). Noteworthy among these novel actions of estrogens is the activation of phosphorylation of the transcription regulator, cAMP response element-binding protein (25, 26), and of the MAP kinase pathway (27), which represent novel ways in which estrogens can interact with signalin ...
Document
... Schizophrenia – past view…resulting from mothers who were apathetic toward their children. New view: genetics. Takes guilt away. Managed care issues – if due to biology – will only pay for drug therapy. Homosexuality studies. LeVay (1991). ...
... Schizophrenia – past view…resulting from mothers who were apathetic toward their children. New view: genetics. Takes guilt away. Managed care issues – if due to biology – will only pay for drug therapy. Homosexuality studies. LeVay (1991). ...
Viral vector-based tools advance knowledge of basal ganglia
... physiology. J Neurophysiol 115: 2124 –2146, 2016. First published February 17, 2016; doi:10.1152/jn.01131.2015.—Viral vectors were originally developed to deliver genes into host cells for therapeutic potential. However, viral vector use in neuroscience research has increased because they enhance in ...
... physiology. J Neurophysiol 115: 2124 –2146, 2016. First published February 17, 2016; doi:10.1152/jn.01131.2015.—Viral vectors were originally developed to deliver genes into host cells for therapeutic potential. However, viral vector use in neuroscience research has increased because they enhance in ...
Motor and cognitive functions of the ventral premotor cortex
... monkeys were able to grasp the objects, but only after corrections made under tactile control. It has been suggested that mirror neurons might be involved in the understanding of actions made by others [31,32]. Usually an action is recognized even when its final part is out of vision. A recent study ...
... monkeys were able to grasp the objects, but only after corrections made under tactile control. It has been suggested that mirror neurons might be involved in the understanding of actions made by others [31,32]. Usually an action is recognized even when its final part is out of vision. A recent study ...
Synaptic Depression and the Temporal Response Characteristics of
... been observed in parallel in vivo and in vitro studies of rodent somatosensory cortex (C astro-Alamancos and Connors, 1996; Gil et al., 1997). Synaptic inputs. To isolate the role that synaptic depression plays in shaping the temporal characteristics of V1 responses, we drive the model simple cell e ...
... been observed in parallel in vivo and in vitro studies of rodent somatosensory cortex (C astro-Alamancos and Connors, 1996; Gil et al., 1997). Synaptic inputs. To isolate the role that synaptic depression plays in shaping the temporal characteristics of V1 responses, we drive the model simple cell e ...
Synaptic Depression and the Temporal Response Characteristics of
... been observed in parallel in vivo and in vitro studies of rodent somatosensory cortex (C astro-Alamancos and Connors, 1996; Gil et al., 1997). Synaptic inputs. To isolate the role that synaptic depression plays in shaping the temporal characteristics of V1 responses, we drive the model simple cell e ...
... been observed in parallel in vivo and in vitro studies of rodent somatosensory cortex (C astro-Alamancos and Connors, 1996; Gil et al., 1997). Synaptic inputs. To isolate the role that synaptic depression plays in shaping the temporal characteristics of V1 responses, we drive the model simple cell e ...
- D-Scholarship@Pitt
... At early stages of neural development, neurons send out axons to their appropriate target regions under the guidance of various molecular cues. Once growing axons arrived at their target area they begin to form relatively crude functional connections. These initial connections undergo substantial sy ...
... At early stages of neural development, neurons send out axons to their appropriate target regions under the guidance of various molecular cues. Once growing axons arrived at their target area they begin to form relatively crude functional connections. These initial connections undergo substantial sy ...
11 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... • Typically composed of two parts – Axon terminal of presynaptic neuron • Contains synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitter ...
... • Typically composed of two parts – Axon terminal of presynaptic neuron • Contains synaptic vesicles filled with neurotransmitter ...
from discrete neuronal ensembles to serial order
... influence on each other (Tsumoto, 1992). Thus, the original proposal made by Hebb, that coincidence of neuronal firing strengthens connections, appears to represent only half of the truth and had therefore to be modified. Because co-activation of two neurons strengthens their mutual connections and ...
... influence on each other (Tsumoto, 1992). Thus, the original proposal made by Hebb, that coincidence of neuronal firing strengthens connections, appears to represent only half of the truth and had therefore to be modified. Because co-activation of two neurons strengthens their mutual connections and ...
Neural basis of sensorimotor learning: modifying
... task where target color was no longer relevant, most of these neurons maintained their newly acquired sensitivity to the learned colors (as opposed to control colors, not used in learning; see Figure 2). This study implies that when an arbitrary sensory feature becomes behaviorally relevant, it can ...
... task where target color was no longer relevant, most of these neurons maintained their newly acquired sensitivity to the learned colors (as opposed to control colors, not used in learning; see Figure 2). This study implies that when an arbitrary sensory feature becomes behaviorally relevant, it can ...
Neuronal activity in dorsomedial frontal cortex and prefrontal cortex
... for juice reinforcement, but not when monkeys make saccades without primary reinforcement (Bon and Lucchetti 1992; Lee and Tehovnik 1995). DMF neurons also respond to juice delivery only in the context of instrumental behavior, not when juice is delivered randomly (Mann et al. 1988). Accordingly, we ...
... for juice reinforcement, but not when monkeys make saccades without primary reinforcement (Bon and Lucchetti 1992; Lee and Tehovnik 1995). DMF neurons also respond to juice delivery only in the context of instrumental behavior, not when juice is delivered randomly (Mann et al. 1988). Accordingly, we ...
Current Opinions in Neurological Science
... number one risk in Parkinson’s disease [1]. The various different genetic modulating agonists attest to mechanistic modes of pathogenesis linked especially to neuroinflammation and mitochondrial pathobiology. Particularly significant is overexpression of FAS-associated factor 1 and poly (ADP-ribose) ...
... number one risk in Parkinson’s disease [1]. The various different genetic modulating agonists attest to mechanistic modes of pathogenesis linked especially to neuroinflammation and mitochondrial pathobiology. Particularly significant is overexpression of FAS-associated factor 1 and poly (ADP-ribose) ...
Inside the Brain
... Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is a type of analysis applied to MRI images that is used to measure the volume of specific brain structures. By comparing healthy and diseased brains, researchers can detect the subtle structural changes that occur in neurological and psychiatric conditions. It can dete ...
... Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is a type of analysis applied to MRI images that is used to measure the volume of specific brain structures. By comparing healthy and diseased brains, researchers can detect the subtle structural changes that occur in neurological and psychiatric conditions. It can dete ...