Predictability Modulates Human Brain Response to Reward
... (predictable or unpredictable) was randomized across subjects. Because the time to adapt to either predictability or unpredictability was unknown and because frequent switching of conditions might cause an interaction with each other, i.e. the “predictability of predictability”, we chose to separate ...
... (predictable or unpredictable) was randomized across subjects. Because the time to adapt to either predictability or unpredictability was unknown and because frequent switching of conditions might cause an interaction with each other, i.e. the “predictability of predictability”, we chose to separate ...
A visual motion detection circuit suggested by Drosophila
... connectome of the repeating module of the medulla. Within this module, we identified cell types constituting a motion detection circuit, and showed that the connections onto individual motion-sensitive neurons in this circuit were consistent with their direction selectivity. Our results identify cel ...
... connectome of the repeating module of the medulla. Within this module, we identified cell types constituting a motion detection circuit, and showed that the connections onto individual motion-sensitive neurons in this circuit were consistent with their direction selectivity. Our results identify cel ...
Pergamon - Anatomical Neuropharmacology Unit
... of information flow through the basal ganglia, i.e. the striatoentopeduncular and striatonigral pathways. Although there is an association of receptor immunoreactivity with afferent synaptic inputs a high proportion is located at extrasynaptic sites. ...
... of information flow through the basal ganglia, i.e. the striatoentopeduncular and striatonigral pathways. Although there is an association of receptor immunoreactivity with afferent synaptic inputs a high proportion is located at extrasynaptic sites. ...
Now you see it: frontal eye field responses to invisible targets
... more effective masking 4,5. Thompson and Schall trained monkeys to first fix their gaze on a point of light at the center of a computer screen. On most trials, a dim target spot was flashed at one of eight locations around the fixation point, one of which was within the receptive field of the FEF ne ...
... more effective masking 4,5. Thompson and Schall trained monkeys to first fix their gaze on a point of light at the center of a computer screen. On most trials, a dim target spot was flashed at one of eight locations around the fixation point, one of which was within the receptive field of the FEF ne ...
I joined the Smith lab in the spring of 2000, as a
... I’ll summarize the rationale for these projects in the next paragraphs. The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical structures in the central nervous system involve with planning, learning and execution of motor activity. Dysfunction of these nuclei results in severe motor disorders. In the basal g ...
... I’ll summarize the rationale for these projects in the next paragraphs. The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical structures in the central nervous system involve with planning, learning and execution of motor activity. Dysfunction of these nuclei results in severe motor disorders. In the basal g ...
Viewpoint Synaptic Connectivity and Neuronal Morphology: Two
... A shortcoming of the axons-only network is that each axon has to make its way to every cell body. Since all the signals received by a neuron are merged in the cell body, the same functionality can be achieved by a single process reaching out in the direction of axons and meeting them halfway (Chklov ...
... A shortcoming of the axons-only network is that each axon has to make its way to every cell body. Since all the signals received by a neuron are merged in the cell body, the same functionality can be achieved by a single process reaching out in the direction of axons and meeting them halfway (Chklov ...
Realistic synaptic inputs for model neural networks
... set e q d to the excitatory ne.The two -yes intersect at rates corresponding to a d e n t state, E = 0, an unstable intermediate state and a stable self-sustainedfiring state for whidt the firing rate is essentially the maximum srnglenevron rate. The firing rate for this state is unrealistically hig ...
... set e q d to the excitatory ne.The two -yes intersect at rates corresponding to a d e n t state, E = 0, an unstable intermediate state and a stable self-sustainedfiring state for whidt the firing rate is essentially the maximum srnglenevron rate. The firing rate for this state is unrealistically hig ...
free - Piero Scaruffi
... create the first PET (positron emission tomography) scans that allow scientists to map brain function 5. 1990: Seiji Ogawa's "functional MRI" measures brain activity based on blood flow ...
... create the first PET (positron emission tomography) scans that allow scientists to map brain function 5. 1990: Seiji Ogawa's "functional MRI" measures brain activity based on blood flow ...
Molecular and anatomical signatures of sleep deprivation in the
... Sleep deprivation (SD) leads to a suite of cognitive and behavioral impairments, and yet the molecular consequences of SD in the brain are poorly understood. Using a systematic immediate-early gene (IEG) mapping to detect neuronal activation, the consequences of SD were mapped primarily to forebrain ...
... Sleep deprivation (SD) leads to a suite of cognitive and behavioral impairments, and yet the molecular consequences of SD in the brain are poorly understood. Using a systematic immediate-early gene (IEG) mapping to detect neuronal activation, the consequences of SD were mapped primarily to forebrain ...
Cation-Chloride Cotransporters and Neuronal Function
... GABAA and glycine receptors, CCCs also show close interactions with glutamatergic signaling. A crosstalk among CCCs and trophic factors is important in short-term and long-term modification of neuronal properties. CCCs appear to be multifunctional proteins that are also involved in shaping neuronal ...
... GABAA and glycine receptors, CCCs also show close interactions with glutamatergic signaling. A crosstalk among CCCs and trophic factors is important in short-term and long-term modification of neuronal properties. CCCs appear to be multifunctional proteins that are also involved in shaping neuronal ...
Prefrontal abilities
... regions are two areas of heteromodal association cortex. It is here that unimodal percepts are associated with information from other sensory modalities and from prior experiences (memories). Most simple cross-modal associations occur in the inferior parietal cortex. However, many, probably most, hi ...
... regions are two areas of heteromodal association cortex. It is here that unimodal percepts are associated with information from other sensory modalities and from prior experiences (memories). Most simple cross-modal associations occur in the inferior parietal cortex. However, many, probably most, hi ...
Inhibitory Plasticity Balances Excitation and Inhibition in Sensory
... in response to natural stimuli and fits well with a recently observed interaction of excitatory and inhibitory receptive field plasticity. The introduction of inhibitory plasticity in suitable recurrent networks provides a homeostatic mechanism that leads to asynchronous irregular network states. Fu ...
... in response to natural stimuli and fits well with a recently observed interaction of excitatory and inhibitory receptive field plasticity. The introduction of inhibitory plasticity in suitable recurrent networks provides a homeostatic mechanism that leads to asynchronous irregular network states. Fu ...
9.14 Questions on chapter 1 of Brain Structure and Its
... 4) What are three different types of structures of primary sensory neurons? Where are these three types found in a mammal? 5) What are the different types of muscle cells? 6) What secondary sensory nuclei receive input from axons of the eighth cranial nerve? 7) What are the two main types of motor n ...
... 4) What are three different types of structures of primary sensory neurons? Where are these three types found in a mammal? 5) What are the different types of muscle cells? 6) What secondary sensory nuclei receive input from axons of the eighth cranial nerve? 7) What are the two main types of motor n ...
CV - The Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience
... sensilla. In this manner, the activities of the neurons can also be monitored upon stimulation with odorants. There are 22 different types of sensilla containing olfactory receptor neurons in Drosophila, of differing abundances, and identifying which sensilla is being recorded from usually requires ...
... sensilla. In this manner, the activities of the neurons can also be monitored upon stimulation with odorants. There are 22 different types of sensilla containing olfactory receptor neurons in Drosophila, of differing abundances, and identifying which sensilla is being recorded from usually requires ...
Phantom Limbs and Neural Plasticity
... are important for 2 reasons: First, they suggest that, contrary to the static picture of brain maps provided by neuroanatomists, topography is extremely labile. Even in the adult brain, massive reorganization can occur over extremely short periods, and referred sensations can therefore be used as a ...
... are important for 2 reasons: First, they suggest that, contrary to the static picture of brain maps provided by neuroanatomists, topography is extremely labile. Even in the adult brain, massive reorganization can occur over extremely short periods, and referred sensations can therefore be used as a ...
6th ANNUAL NEUROSCIENCE, BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH RESEARCH FORUM The University of Vermont
... Microsecond MD simulations to reveal the dynamics and mechanisms of a Class B GPCR Chenyi Liao and Jianing Li Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 We have studied a class B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), pituitary adenylate cyclaseactivating polypeptide receptor ( ...
... Microsecond MD simulations to reveal the dynamics and mechanisms of a Class B GPCR Chenyi Liao and Jianing Li Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 We have studied a class B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), pituitary adenylate cyclaseactivating polypeptide receptor ( ...
Physiological and Morphological Analysis of Synaptic Transmission
... in depolarization of the VE-4 membrane potential. This means that transmitter release from the inhtbitor often occurs in the absence of depolarization of VI-2 by current injection. Graded increases in the intensity of depolarizing current injected into VI-2 caused graded increases in the hyperpolari ...
... in depolarization of the VE-4 membrane potential. This means that transmitter release from the inhtbitor often occurs in the absence of depolarization of VI-2 by current injection. Graded increases in the intensity of depolarizing current injected into VI-2 caused graded increases in the hyperpolari ...
Evolution of Animal Neural Systems
... of the early evolution of neurons, and, more broadly, how to interpret genomic data in a way that best enlightens the deep origins of complex tissues types [4,9-12]. In the last two years alone, there have been five journal issues dedicated completely or in part to the early evolution of nervous sys ...
... of the early evolution of neurons, and, more broadly, how to interpret genomic data in a way that best enlightens the deep origins of complex tissues types [4,9-12]. In the last two years alone, there have been five journal issues dedicated completely or in part to the early evolution of nervous sys ...
Abstract Book Brain Circuits for Positive Emotions
... published several articles about this subject. The last one has for title „Professional musicians listen differently to music“. ...
... published several articles about this subject. The last one has for title „Professional musicians listen differently to music“. ...
A mathematical model on REM-NREM cycle
... The central nervous system [CNS] is composed entirely of two kinds of specialized cells: neurons and glia. Neurons are the basic information processing structures in the CNS. The function of a neuron is to receive INPUT ”information” from other neurons, to process that information, then to send ”inf ...
... The central nervous system [CNS] is composed entirely of two kinds of specialized cells: neurons and glia. Neurons are the basic information processing structures in the CNS. The function of a neuron is to receive INPUT ”information” from other neurons, to process that information, then to send ”inf ...
PDF file
... serotonin. Firing of these neurons indicate stress. Serotonin in the central nervous system originates in the raphe nuclei of the brainstem.[10] The serotonin and dopamine systems appear to act on motor neurons. When a motor neuron receives dopamine, it is more likely to fire. When a motor neuron re ...
... serotonin. Firing of these neurons indicate stress. Serotonin in the central nervous system originates in the raphe nuclei of the brainstem.[10] The serotonin and dopamine systems appear to act on motor neurons. When a motor neuron receives dopamine, it is more likely to fire. When a motor neuron re ...
Why are brain pathways
... With respect to neurons: • Threshold (the magnitude of a stimulus sufficient to depolarize the sensory neuron) • Adequate Stimulus (the form of energy to which a particular sensory cell is most sensitive - light, touch, sound, etc.) • Law of specific nerve energies (depolarization of neurons in a p ...
... With respect to neurons: • Threshold (the magnitude of a stimulus sufficient to depolarize the sensory neuron) • Adequate Stimulus (the form of energy to which a particular sensory cell is most sensitive - light, touch, sound, etc.) • Law of specific nerve energies (depolarization of neurons in a p ...
cp_kellermann_launay_17092010
... manufacturing serotonin or noradrenaline. The cells, isolated and characterised by the two research teams, allowed them to reveal using pharmacological and molecular approaches, the functional links between Prozac, miR-16, serotonin transporter and the signal-molecule trigger, known as S100Beta. The ...
... manufacturing serotonin or noradrenaline. The cells, isolated and characterised by the two research teams, allowed them to reveal using pharmacological and molecular approaches, the functional links between Prozac, miR-16, serotonin transporter and the signal-molecule trigger, known as S100Beta. The ...
Study Guide Solutions
... patients with left or right visual field damage may be ‘blind’ to visual stimuli presented to the damaged visual field, careful testing has shown that there is some level of awareness of the presented item. This phenomenon is called blindsight (see page 164-165). For a discussion of affective blinds ...
... patients with left or right visual field damage may be ‘blind’ to visual stimuli presented to the damaged visual field, careful testing has shown that there is some level of awareness of the presented item. This phenomenon is called blindsight (see page 164-165). For a discussion of affective blinds ...