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B left E
B left E

... 22. Which of the following is true about post-transcriptional RNA modifications in prokaryotes A. The 5’ end of the transcript is capped and the 3’ end is polyadenylated. B. Introns are spliced out of the transcript to form the mature mRNA. C. They do not occur, since translation and trascription ar ...
14–3 Human Molecular Genetics
14–3 Human Molecular Genetics

... DNA Fingerprinting DNA fingerprinting analyzes sections of DNA that have little or no known function but vary widely from one individual to another. Only identical twins are genetically identical. DNA samples can be obtained from blood, sperm, and hair strands with tissue at the base. ...
Posting ID: 49913
Posting ID: 49913

... reaction technique to RNA. The classical PCR technique can only be applied to DNA strands, but with the help of reverse transcriptase, RNA can be transcribed into DNA making PCR analysis of RNA molecules possible. The technique is collectively called: Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ...
File - Principles of Biology 103
File - Principles of Biology 103

... 39. Which enzyme assembles new strands of DNA during replication: A. Hybridization B. DNA polymerase C. Primers D. DNA ligase E. DNA synthase 40. Most DNA replication errors occur because: A. Damaged DNA cannot be repaired B. Mismatched bases cannot be corrected C. DNA polymerases work very fast D. ...
Biochemistry Lecture 20
Biochemistry Lecture 20

... • Bacterial DNA -- larger than viral – E. coli -- ~4.6 x 106 bp’s – Both chromosomal and extrachromosomal • Usually 1 chromosome/cell ...
The Epigenetic Memory Different timing of bud burst between epitypes
The Epigenetic Memory Different timing of bud burst between epitypes

... qualitative, while the differences between 23°C and 28°C conditions were mostly quantitative ...
BTCH Reg Course Rev Sem2
BTCH Reg Course Rev Sem2

... Describe the functions of a Punnett square. Explain Mendel’s three Laws (Principles) of Dominance, Segregation and Independent Assortment. Describe how dominant and recessive traits are inherited. Describe the non-Mendelian inheritance patterns of codominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles, ...
The Genetic Code
The Genetic Code

... You prepare four samples from cells: all of the mature mRNAs in heart cells, all of the mature mRNAs in liver cells, all of the proteins in heart cells, all of the proteins in liver cells. You load each sample into a separate lane in a gel, and separate the components by size via gel electrophoresis ...
pARA and pKAN-R
pARA and pKAN-R

... The plasmid pARA is 4058 base pairs (bp) in size. A “base pair” would be adenine:thymine or guanine:cytosine and is the common method used to express the size of DNA molecules. The plasmid carries the ampr gene, which encodes the protein beta lactamase, an enzyme that destroys the antibiotic ampicil ...
VGEC: Student Notes RESTRICTION ENZYME MAPPING OF THE λ
VGEC: Student Notes RESTRICTION ENZYME MAPPING OF THE λ

... gel is ideal for the determination of the sizes of the very largest DNA fragments. 3. You MUST deal with each gel separately when determining the sizes of the DNA fragments and plot separate standard curves for each. Measure the distance migrated by each marker DNA fragment. For each marker fragment ...
DNA - (www.ramsey.k12.nj.us).
DNA - (www.ramsey.k12.nj.us).

... inadvertently makes a discovery about how genetic information is passed from organism to organism His Experiment:  Grow two slightly different strains (types) of bacteria  One strain proven harmless and other deadly  Laboratory mice are injected with these strains ...
DNA Replication
DNA Replication

... cell’s hereditary material because it was more complex than DNA  Proteins were composed of 20 different amino acids in long polypeptide chains ...
DNA SEQUENCING
DNA SEQUENCING

... Each Nation/University has its own sequencing centre ...
Preparation of insolubilized-DNA film with three
Preparation of insolubilized-DNA film with three

... polymerization. Poly(dA)-poly(dT) and poly(dG)poly(dC) were treated with the UV irradiation, and analyzed the increasing of the molecular weights by the agalose and acryiamide gels for electrophoresis. When UV irradiation was demonstrated to poly(dA)poly(dT) for 1 min, the molecular weight increased ...
DNA Structure DNA Structure
DNA Structure DNA Structure

... replication but some errors still occur replication, occur.  These mistakes or mutations are a mixed blessing. They provide the genetic variation that is essential for evolution but, unfortunately, most are harmful. ...
Models for homologous recombination
Models for homologous recombination

... In bacteria, the major biological role of homologous recombination is to repair DSBs In addition to repairing DSBs in chromosomal DNA, homologous recombination promotes genetic exchange in bacteria In eukaryotic cells, homologous recombination is critical for repairing DNA ...
New Measurements of DNA Twist Elasticity
New Measurements of DNA Twist Elasticity

... measure this effect directly due to the difficulty of applying external torques to a single molecule. The first single-molecule stretching experiments constrained only the locations of the two ends of the DNA strand. The unique feature of the experiment of Strick et al. was the added ability to cons ...
What is a chromosome?
What is a chromosome?

... Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The term chromosome comes from the Greek words for color (chroma) and body (soma). Scientists gave this name to chromo ...
UNIT 9 NOTES Genetics
UNIT 9 NOTES Genetics

... pigmented layer of corn grains, the position of transposons block pigment production in some cells. For example, if the transposon moves adjacent to a pigment-producing gene, the cells are unable to produce the purple pigment. Transposons may bring about mutation when they jump around in the genome. ...
PTC Assessment - Teacher Version
PTC Assessment - Teacher Version

... the sequence of DNA between the primers. This allows us to see the DNA when we run it on a gel 3: Restriction Digest – The restriction digest cuts DNA that carries the sequence recognized by the restriction enzymes. In this experiment it will allow us to determine which allele each fish has. 4. Gel ...
DNA Replication, Recomb, Etc. II
DNA Replication, Recomb, Etc. II

... d. Whole cell DNA polymerases have a very low affinity for AZTTP. This allows AZT to be specifically used as a drug for the treatment of AIDS. e. HIV reverse transcriptase doesn’t incorporate AZTTP into the growing DNA chain due to the presence of its 3’-azido group. It blocks further chain elongati ...
Alison Keiper - The Progress of Gene Therapy
Alison Keiper - The Progress of Gene Therapy

... Associated  Virus  Gene  Repair  Corrects  a  Mouse  Model  of  Hereditary  Tyrosinemia  In   Vivo,”  “numerous  in  vitro  studies  have  shown  AAV  capable  of  correcting  various   types  of  mutations  (insertions,  deletions,  substit ...
CHAPTER 18
CHAPTER 18

... Answer: If the physiological adaptation hypothesis had been correct, mutations should have occurred after the cells were plated on the media containing T1 bacteriophages. Because the same numbers of bacteria were streaked on each plate, we would have expected to see roughly the same number of resist ...
zChap11_140901 - Online Open Genetics
zChap11_140901 - Online Open Genetics

... sequencing reactions is called capillary electrophoresis (Fig. 11.6). In this method, a (Original-Deyholoscurrent pulls the sequencing products through a gel-like matrix that is encased in a CC:AN) fine tube of clear plastic. As in conventional electrophoresis, the smallest fragments move through th ...
DNA str, Replication, Damage & Repair
DNA str, Replication, Damage & Repair

... Early scientists thought protein was the cell’s hereditary material because it was more complex than DNA Proteins were composed of 20 different amino acids in long polypeptide chains ...
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Zinc finger nuclease

Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing a zinc finger DNA-binding domain to a DNA-cleavage domain. Zinc finger domains can be engineered to target specific desired DNA sequences and this enables zinc-finger nucleases to target unique sequences within complex genomes. By taking advantage of endogenous DNA repair machinery, these reagents can be used to precisely alter the genomes of higher organisms.
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