DNA
... • RNA molecules usually exist as single polypeptide chains • DNA molecules have two polynucleotides spiraling around an imaginary axis, forming a double helix • In the DNA double helix, the two backbones run in opposite 5ʹ→ 3ʹ directions from each other, an arrangement referred to as antiparallel ...
... • RNA molecules usually exist as single polypeptide chains • DNA molecules have two polynucleotides spiraling around an imaginary axis, forming a double helix • In the DNA double helix, the two backbones run in opposite 5ʹ→ 3ʹ directions from each other, an arrangement referred to as antiparallel ...
Unit 9: DNA and RNA
... additional proteins attach to each strand, holding them apart. The areas where the double helix separates are called replication forks. ...
... additional proteins attach to each strand, holding them apart. The areas where the double helix separates are called replication forks. ...
DANDY Deoxyribonucleic Acid
... • Which of our friendly organelles makes protein? • Where in the cell are they? • Where are the chromosomes? ...
... • Which of our friendly organelles makes protein? • Where in the cell are they? • Where are the chromosomes? ...
ecture 3: the building blocks of life
... genetics, is the “amino acid” • An amino acid is a molecule that has two main elements: a constant part [shown in pink in the next slide] and a variable part. This variable part has specific chemical properties which are essential to its function. • In proteins [chains of amino acids] the constant r ...
... genetics, is the “amino acid” • An amino acid is a molecule that has two main elements: a constant part [shown in pink in the next slide] and a variable part. This variable part has specific chemical properties which are essential to its function. • In proteins [chains of amino acids] the constant r ...
Nucleic Acids
... • Ribosomes are a complex of proteins and rRNA • The synthesis of proteins from amino acids and ATP occurs in the ribosome • The rRNA provides both structure and catalysis ...
... • Ribosomes are a complex of proteins and rRNA • The synthesis of proteins from amino acids and ATP occurs in the ribosome • The rRNA provides both structure and catalysis ...
Understanding DNA
... I. Scientist who proved that DNA was responsible for heredity A. Fredrick Griffith (microbiologist) – 1928 1. Worked with the bacteria that cause pneumonia in mice 2. Discovered the process of transformation a. genetic material can be transferred from one cell to another to give an advantage for sur ...
... I. Scientist who proved that DNA was responsible for heredity A. Fredrick Griffith (microbiologist) – 1928 1. Worked with the bacteria that cause pneumonia in mice 2. Discovered the process of transformation a. genetic material can be transferred from one cell to another to give an advantage for sur ...
Antibiotics - West Chester University of Pennsylvania
... -Irreversible inhibits transpeptidase, which cross-links the peptidoglycan ...
... -Irreversible inhibits transpeptidase, which cross-links the peptidoglycan ...
DNA
... 7) DNA ligase catalyzes the formation of the final phosphoester bond and close the nick in the DNA strand. 8) The primary DNA repair enzyme is DNA polymerase I but DNA polymersae II can serve as an alternate repair polymerase and can replicate DNA under circumstances in which the template is damage ...
... 7) DNA ligase catalyzes the formation of the final phosphoester bond and close the nick in the DNA strand. 8) The primary DNA repair enzyme is DNA polymerase I but DNA polymersae II can serve as an alternate repair polymerase and can replicate DNA under circumstances in which the template is damage ...
DNA - Experiments and Discoveries
... – American biologist & British physicist who built the first accurate structural model of DNA, after viewing Rosalind Franklin’s work. -Watson & Crick’s model of DNA was a double helix, in which 2 strands were wound around each other. ...
... – American biologist & British physicist who built the first accurate structural model of DNA, after viewing Rosalind Franklin’s work. -Watson & Crick’s model of DNA was a double helix, in which 2 strands were wound around each other. ...
Name
... an oligonucleotide and a primer? Nothing. It is the usage which differs. A primer is always used with a polymerase. An oligo is simply a chain of nucleotides ...
... an oligonucleotide and a primer? Nothing. It is the usage which differs. A primer is always used with a polymerase. An oligo is simply a chain of nucleotides ...
Study Guide
... • Why did they use viruses and bacteria to figure out whether protein or DNA was genetic material? ...
... • Why did they use viruses and bacteria to figure out whether protein or DNA was genetic material? ...
2_Notes_DNA Structure and Replication
... • Always an ___________ ______________ of A and T • Always an equal number of ____ and ____ Review Questions 1. What two parts of a nucleotide make up the “backbone”? 2. How many different bases exist in DNA? What are they? 3. What bases bond together in DNA? 4. Why is DNA called a “double h ...
... • Always an ___________ ______________ of A and T • Always an equal number of ____ and ____ Review Questions 1. What two parts of a nucleotide make up the “backbone”? 2. How many different bases exist in DNA? What are they? 3. What bases bond together in DNA? 4. Why is DNA called a “double h ...
DNA
... In 1953 Watson and Crick noted that DNA consists of two polynucleotide strands, running in opposite directions and coiled around each other in a double helix Strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between specific pairs of bases Adenine (A) and thymine (T) form strong hydrogen bonds to each oth ...
... In 1953 Watson and Crick noted that DNA consists of two polynucleotide strands, running in opposite directions and coiled around each other in a double helix Strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between specific pairs of bases Adenine (A) and thymine (T) form strong hydrogen bonds to each oth ...
DNA - Central Magnet School
... Think – Pair - Share Look at the picture and try to figure out what ...
... Think – Pair - Share Look at the picture and try to figure out what ...
Test Review ANSWERS
... 12. What is produced during transcription? Where does transcription occur? mRNA is made from the DNA template and it happens in the nucleus. 13. How many codons are needed to specify one amino acid? Two amino acids? Three amino acids? One codon per amino acid (3 bases per codon). Then there is a sto ...
... 12. What is produced during transcription? Where does transcription occur? mRNA is made from the DNA template and it happens in the nucleus. 13. How many codons are needed to specify one amino acid? Two amino acids? Three amino acids? One codon per amino acid (3 bases per codon). Then there is a sto ...
File - Gillam Biology
... 19. What enzyme reads/copies the DNA molecule during replication. 23. What is the name of the sugar in RNA? 24. In bacteria gene expression can be controlled when repressor proteins knot the DNA by attaching to the -?- site on the DNA strand. 25. According to figure 12-18 , what is another name for ...
... 19. What enzyme reads/copies the DNA molecule during replication. 23. What is the name of the sugar in RNA? 24. In bacteria gene expression can be controlled when repressor proteins knot the DNA by attaching to the -?- site on the DNA strand. 25. According to figure 12-18 , what is another name for ...
26. Replication
... • mechanisms: replication origins - base sequences recognized by enzymes which open double strand replication bubbles (replication forks at each end) (fig. 16 – 12 & ppt. 13) - helix opened up by combined action of helicase & single strand binding proteins (fig. 16 – 13) Bio 102, spr. 2013 lec. 25 - ...
... • mechanisms: replication origins - base sequences recognized by enzymes which open double strand replication bubbles (replication forks at each end) (fig. 16 – 12 & ppt. 13) - helix opened up by combined action of helicase & single strand binding proteins (fig. 16 – 13) Bio 102, spr. 2013 lec. 25 - ...
CHAPTER 13, DNA STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION QUIZ
... a) Unwinding of the DNA molecule occurs as hydrogen bonds break. b) Replication occurs as each base is paired with another exactly like it. c) The process is known as semiconservative replication because one old strand is conserved in the new molecule. d) The enzyme that catalyzes DNA replication is ...
... a) Unwinding of the DNA molecule occurs as hydrogen bonds break. b) Replication occurs as each base is paired with another exactly like it. c) The process is known as semiconservative replication because one old strand is conserved in the new molecule. d) The enzyme that catalyzes DNA replication is ...
DNA and RNA
... Watson and Crick 1953 - Built a 3-D model DNA composition - 2 long chains of nucleotides held by hydrogen bonds Looks like a twisted ladder or spiral staircase. Nucleotide: made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base DNA Bases A=T and C =G (Base Pairing) Sugar in DNA = Deo ...
... Watson and Crick 1953 - Built a 3-D model DNA composition - 2 long chains of nucleotides held by hydrogen bonds Looks like a twisted ladder or spiral staircase. Nucleotide: made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base DNA Bases A=T and C =G (Base Pairing) Sugar in DNA = Deo ...
TEST DNA stuff 2012 Multiple Choice
... The diagram below shows a short section of DNA molecule before and after replication. If the nucleotides used to replicate the DNA were radioactive, which strands in the replicated molecules would be radioactive? ...
... The diagram below shows a short section of DNA molecule before and after replication. If the nucleotides used to replicate the DNA were radioactive, which strands in the replicated molecules would be radioactive? ...
Nucleic Acid • Nucleosides consist of a nitrogenous base and a
... o Eukaryotes even have “spacer” DNA that doesn’t code for RNA In eukaryotes, DNA commonly transcribed into RNA is stored as euchromatin o Which is lightly-packed DNA, which is easy to unfold and reference DNA not commonly needed is stored as heterochromatin o Which is more tightly packed away The en ...
... o Eukaryotes even have “spacer” DNA that doesn’t code for RNA In eukaryotes, DNA commonly transcribed into RNA is stored as euchromatin o Which is lightly-packed DNA, which is easy to unfold and reference DNA not commonly needed is stored as heterochromatin o Which is more tightly packed away The en ...
Nucleic Acid • Nucleosides consist of a nitrogenous base and a
... o Eukaryotes even have “spacer” DNA that doesn’t code for RNA In eukaryotes, DNA commonly transcribed into RNA is stored as euchromatin o Which is lightly-packed DNA, which is easy to unfold and reference DNA not commonly needed is stored as heterochromatin o Which is more tightly packed away The en ...
... o Eukaryotes even have “spacer” DNA that doesn’t code for RNA In eukaryotes, DNA commonly transcribed into RNA is stored as euchromatin o Which is lightly-packed DNA, which is easy to unfold and reference DNA not commonly needed is stored as heterochromatin o Which is more tightly packed away The en ...
Helicase
Helicases are a class of enzymes vital to all living organisms. Their main function is to unpackage an organism's genes. They are motor proteins that move directionally along a nucleic acid phosphodiester backbone, separating two annealed nucleic acid strands (i.e., DNA, RNA, or RNA-DNA hybrid) using energy derived from ATP hydrolysis. There are many helicases resulting from the great variety of processes in which strand separation must be catalyzed. Approximately 1% of eukaryotic genes code for helicases. The human genome codes for 95 non-redundant helicases: 64 RNA helicases and 31 DNA helicases. Many cellular processes, such as DNA replication, transcription, translation, recombination, DNA repair, and ribosome biogenesis involve the separation of nucleic acid strands that necessitates the use of helicases.