The distribution of DNA translocation times in solid
... electrical driving force = Q ∗ E assuming that Q ∗ does not change as solution viscosity changes. Both Q ∗ E and Fdrag are shown in figure 2(D). This analysis suggests that the estimated electrical driving force exerted on a DNA molecule would be ∼23 pN. The drag force calculated decreased as the so ...
... electrical driving force = Q ∗ E assuming that Q ∗ does not change as solution viscosity changes. Both Q ∗ E and Fdrag are shown in figure 2(D). This analysis suggests that the estimated electrical driving force exerted on a DNA molecule would be ∼23 pN. The drag force calculated decreased as the so ...
Polymerase Chain Reaction as a Diagnostic Tool for Detecting
... amplified fragment, between different Leishmania parasites: New World Dermotropic (Viannia) (approximately 230 bp), New World Dermotropic (Leishmania) (approximately 300 bp), Old World Dermotropic and Old and New World Visceral species (approximately 410 bp). We obtained a fragment of approximately ...
... amplified fragment, between different Leishmania parasites: New World Dermotropic (Viannia) (approximately 230 bp), New World Dermotropic (Leishmania) (approximately 300 bp), Old World Dermotropic and Old and New World Visceral species (approximately 410 bp). We obtained a fragment of approximately ...
Cryptography with DNA binary strands
... from the intercepted solution to be successful. After separation he or she can read out the message as described above. For the interceptor there is a rare chance to distinguish between the dummies and the message strand. The only way to get the message strand is to take it by chance or to guess the ...
... from the intercepted solution to be successful. After separation he or she can read out the message as described above. For the interceptor there is a rare chance to distinguish between the dummies and the message strand. The only way to get the message strand is to take it by chance or to guess the ...
Multiple Barriers to Nonhomologous DNA End Joining
... second division is much like mitosis, it is the unique first division that separates the two homologous chromosomes. Prior to the first division, each pair of homologous chromosomes is linked by a chiasma, which forms once a crossover has occurred between the homologs. The connections established by c ...
... second division is much like mitosis, it is the unique first division that separates the two homologous chromosomes. Prior to the first division, each pair of homologous chromosomes is linked by a chiasma, which forms once a crossover has occurred between the homologs. The connections established by c ...
Newsletter 1
... common male ancestor. A similar test for a common female ancestor is also available using ‘mitochondrial’ DNA, but as names in our society pass down the male line, this is less useful for many family history purposes. Specific parts of the Y-chromosome known as ‘markers’ are used to make such compar ...
... common male ancestor. A similar test for a common female ancestor is also available using ‘mitochondrial’ DNA, but as names in our society pass down the male line, this is less useful for many family history purposes. Specific parts of the Y-chromosome known as ‘markers’ are used to make such compar ...
Supercoils in plant DNA: nucleoid
... germinated for 16 h. Two distinct nucleoid bands were observed under u.v. illumination; the presence of the two bands was confirmed upon automated fractionation of the gradients (Fig. 1). The same phenomenon was observed with nuclei from all other maize tissues tested (dry embryos, root tip meristem ...
... germinated for 16 h. Two distinct nucleoid bands were observed under u.v. illumination; the presence of the two bands was confirmed upon automated fractionation of the gradients (Fig. 1). The same phenomenon was observed with nuclei from all other maize tissues tested (dry embryos, root tip meristem ...
Kodaq 2X PCR MasterMix
... exceptional 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity that endows it with superior accuracy over competitor polymerases. This novel enzyme has intrinsically high processivity and is engineered to have an improved binding affinity for DNA resulting in highly successful PCR. abm’s Kodaq 2X PCR MasterMix is a read ...
... exceptional 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity that endows it with superior accuracy over competitor polymerases. This novel enzyme has intrinsically high processivity and is engineered to have an improved binding affinity for DNA resulting in highly successful PCR. abm’s Kodaq 2X PCR MasterMix is a read ...
DNA is the genetic material
... the 4.6 million base pairs in its single chromosome and divide to form two identical daughter cells. • A human cell can copy its 6 billion base pairs and divide into daughter cells in only a few hours. • This process is remarkably accurate, with only one error per 10 billion nucleotides. • More than ...
... the 4.6 million base pairs in its single chromosome and divide to form two identical daughter cells. • A human cell can copy its 6 billion base pairs and divide into daughter cells in only a few hours. • This process is remarkably accurate, with only one error per 10 billion nucleotides. • More than ...
NPA White Paper: DNA Barcoding for Botanical Authentication Issue
... final, highly processed, finished product, the researchers used a technique called DNA barcoding to identify a small segment of DNA, akin to scanning a product code or stock keeping unit (SKU) at a store, to authenticate botanical ingredients. Additionally, they suggested their test products were co ...
... final, highly processed, finished product, the researchers used a technique called DNA barcoding to identify a small segment of DNA, akin to scanning a product code or stock keeping unit (SKU) at a store, to authenticate botanical ingredients. Additionally, they suggested their test products were co ...
Isolation of High-Quality DNA from a Desert Plant
... polymerase and 0.5 mmol/L of UBC-807 primer (AGA GAG AGA GAG AGA GT). The amplification reaction were carried out on a thermocycler (Biometra) and programmed for an initial pre-denaturing at 94°C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles of 1 min at 94°C (denaturation), 1 min at 48°C (annealing temperature), ...
... polymerase and 0.5 mmol/L of UBC-807 primer (AGA GAG AGA GAG AGA GT). The amplification reaction were carried out on a thermocycler (Biometra) and programmed for an initial pre-denaturing at 94°C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles of 1 min at 94°C (denaturation), 1 min at 48°C (annealing temperature), ...
R - Genetics
... represent separate (unlinked) transforming agents affecting capsule synthesis. As indicated by the vertical bars or symbols, mutations on any one of these agents can cause different degrees of impairment. Replacement of a mutated agent by its normal homologue restores the normal (SIIIN) phenotype. I ...
... represent separate (unlinked) transforming agents affecting capsule synthesis. As indicated by the vertical bars or symbols, mutations on any one of these agents can cause different degrees of impairment. Replacement of a mutated agent by its normal homologue restores the normal (SIIIN) phenotype. I ...
Interaction of Rat Testis Protein, TP, with Nucleic Acids in Vitro
... (equivalent to fish protamine) and TP3 during stages 16-19 (4, 5 ) ; protein S1 is the only basic protein present in the mature spermatozoa of the epididymis. Among the testis-specific transition proteins, TP is a major and a rather interestingprotein in that it is a smallbut highly basic protein ma ...
... (equivalent to fish protamine) and TP3 during stages 16-19 (4, 5 ) ; protein S1 is the only basic protein present in the mature spermatozoa of the epididymis. Among the testis-specific transition proteins, TP is a major and a rather interestingprotein in that it is a smallbut highly basic protein ma ...
the use of a small molecule to improve the thermostability of dna
... means to stabilize four-way DNA junctions (4WJs) composed of natural DNA and chimeric nucleic acids. The long-term goal of the project is utilizing the 4WJs as extracellular therapeutic inhibitors of DNA binding proteins [i.e. Histones and High Mobility Group Protein B (HMGB1b)]. A number of studies ...
... means to stabilize four-way DNA junctions (4WJs) composed of natural DNA and chimeric nucleic acids. The long-term goal of the project is utilizing the 4WJs as extracellular therapeutic inhibitors of DNA binding proteins [i.e. Histones and High Mobility Group Protein B (HMGB1b)]. A number of studies ...
Technological applications arising from the interactions of DNA
... Moreover, a large number of nucleic acid sequences can be efficiently and cost-effectively generated by employing automated solid-phase synthetic processes. Finally, nucleic acids are highly stable entities that can be manipulated under a wide range of environmental conditions. Metal ions, which hav ...
... Moreover, a large number of nucleic acid sequences can be efficiently and cost-effectively generated by employing automated solid-phase synthetic processes. Finally, nucleic acids are highly stable entities that can be manipulated under a wide range of environmental conditions. Metal ions, which hav ...
Globicatella sulfidifaciens sp. nov., isolated from purulent infections
... Together, these data indicate that the human and animal isolates examined are closely related and obviously represent the same genus. Given the clear biochemical differences between both taxa, the differences in whole-cell-protein patterns, and the mean DNA–DNA binding level of 68 %, it is appropria ...
... Together, these data indicate that the human and animal isolates examined are closely related and obviously represent the same genus. Given the clear biochemical differences between both taxa, the differences in whole-cell-protein patterns, and the mean DNA–DNA binding level of 68 %, it is appropria ...
Overcoming Transcription Activator
... and used to specifically regulate or modify genes of interest (1). Although successfully used in different cellular contexts, engineered TALE DNA binding domains have recently been reported to be affected by the presence of 5-methylated cytosine (5mC) in their endogenous cognate target (7). Often co ...
... and used to specifically regulate or modify genes of interest (1). Although successfully used in different cellular contexts, engineered TALE DNA binding domains have recently been reported to be affected by the presence of 5-methylated cytosine (5mC) in their endogenous cognate target (7). Often co ...
Trans-Lesion DNA Polymerases May Be Involved in Yeast Meiosis
... et al. 2012). PolZeta, being composed of 4 subunits, is the most complex TLSP to date. The fact that Pol31 and Pol32 may be associated with either PolDelta or PolZeta facilitates the switch between these two polymerases when the former encounters a lesion on the template. Well-established evidence ...
... et al. 2012). PolZeta, being composed of 4 subunits, is the most complex TLSP to date. The fact that Pol31 and Pol32 may be associated with either PolDelta or PolZeta facilitates the switch between these two polymerases when the former encounters a lesion on the template. Well-established evidence ...
Rapid and simple method for DNA extraction from plant and algal
... the supernatant contains degraded RNA (Fig. 1a), suggesting the possibility that the protocol can be modified to improve RNA quality and then used for reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. In conclusion, we have developed a rapid and simple method for DNA extraction using the chelating resin Chelex 100. O ...
... the supernatant contains degraded RNA (Fig. 1a), suggesting the possibility that the protocol can be modified to improve RNA quality and then used for reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. In conclusion, we have developed a rapid and simple method for DNA extraction using the chelating resin Chelex 100. O ...
Identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA ligase IV
... NHEJ appears to be the predominant pathway for DSB repair in mammals, but represents a minor pathway in yeast; consequently, disruption of S.cerevisiae YKU70 or YKU80 only results in significantly increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation or MMS when homologous recombination is inoperative (Boulto ...
... NHEJ appears to be the predominant pathway for DSB repair in mammals, but represents a minor pathway in yeast; consequently, disruption of S.cerevisiae YKU70 or YKU80 only results in significantly increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation or MMS when homologous recombination is inoperative (Boulto ...
Recombinant DNA
... The sticky ends of the fragments containing the gene are then spliced to other DNA, often a plasmid that has been cut to produce matching sticky ends. Another enzyme, called a ligase, brings the correct sticky ends together and fuses them. The result is recombinant DNA composed of DNA from sources i ...
... The sticky ends of the fragments containing the gene are then spliced to other DNA, often a plasmid that has been cut to produce matching sticky ends. Another enzyme, called a ligase, brings the correct sticky ends together and fuses them. The result is recombinant DNA composed of DNA from sources i ...
Biology, 8th Edition
... breakdown by modifying it after replication. An enzyme adds a methyl group to one or more bases in each restriction site so that the restriction enzyme does not recognize and cut the bacterial DNA. Restriction enzymes enable scientists to cut DNA from chromosomes into shorter fragments in a controll ...
... breakdown by modifying it after replication. An enzyme adds a methyl group to one or more bases in each restriction site so that the restriction enzyme does not recognize and cut the bacterial DNA. Restriction enzymes enable scientists to cut DNA from chromosomes into shorter fragments in a controll ...
Paper Clip PCR.pub
... colored paper clips. Tell the students that they are now going to perform two rounds of PCR using paper clips as their DNA. Each color paper clip represents one of the four nucleotides in the DNA code. Students should follow their “Paper Clip PCR” activity, with all members of the group sharing the ...
... colored paper clips. Tell the students that they are now going to perform two rounds of PCR using paper clips as their DNA. Each color paper clip represents one of the four nucleotides in the DNA code. Students should follow their “Paper Clip PCR” activity, with all members of the group sharing the ...
Structural characterization and DNA-binding properties of
... of anticancer drugs due to the interaction between small molecules and DNA, which caused DNA damage in cancer cells, blocking the division of cancer cells and resulting in cell death [1,2]. Of these studies, the interaction of rare earth metals complexes containing multidentate aromatic ligands with ...
... of anticancer drugs due to the interaction between small molecules and DNA, which caused DNA damage in cancer cells, blocking the division of cancer cells and resulting in cell death [1,2]. Of these studies, the interaction of rare earth metals complexes containing multidentate aromatic ligands with ...
DNA repair
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as UV light and radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in as many as 1 million individual molecular lesions per cell per day. Many of these lesions cause structural damage to the DNA molecule and can alter or eliminate the cell's ability to transcribe the gene that the affected DNA encodes. Other lesions induce potentially harmful mutations in the cell's genome, which affect the survival of its daughter cells after it undergoes mitosis. As a consequence, the DNA repair process is constantly active as it responds to damage in the DNA structure. When normal repair processes fail, and when cellular apoptosis does not occur, irreparable DNA damage may occur, including double-strand breaks and DNA crosslinkages (interstrand crosslinks or ICLs).The rate of DNA repair is dependent on many factors, including the cell type, the age of the cell, and the extracellular environment. A cell that has accumulated a large amount of DNA damage, or one that no longer effectively repairs damage incurred to its DNA, can enter one of three possible states: an irreversible state of dormancy, known as senescence cell suicide, also known as apoptosis or programmed cell death unregulated cell division, which can lead to the formation of a tumor that is cancerousThe DNA repair ability of a cell is vital to the integrity of its genome and thus to the normal functionality of that organism. Many genes that were initially shown to influence life span have turned out to be involved in DNA damage repair and protection.