Optimization and the Robustness of BOX A1R PCR for DNA
... The rep-PCR DNA fingerprint technique using BOX A1R primer was investigated. DNA fingerprints were generated from Escherichia coli strains isolated from human, duck, goose, gull, and heron sources. Optimization tools (use of restriction enzymes, BSA, DMSO, and storage buffer) were used in an attempt ...
... The rep-PCR DNA fingerprint technique using BOX A1R primer was investigated. DNA fingerprints were generated from Escherichia coli strains isolated from human, duck, goose, gull, and heron sources. Optimization tools (use of restriction enzymes, BSA, DMSO, and storage buffer) were used in an attempt ...
Highly sensitive DNA sensor based on upconversion nanoparticles
... polymer chains, known as hybridization, is very specific and it is based on the cooperative hydrogen bonds produced between the base pairs, rendering a double helix structure. The DNA base-pair complementarity has shown great potential in nanotechnology as a structural material in DNA origami,1 poly ...
... polymer chains, known as hybridization, is very specific and it is based on the cooperative hydrogen bonds produced between the base pairs, rendering a double helix structure. The DNA base-pair complementarity has shown great potential in nanotechnology as a structural material in DNA origami,1 poly ...
A Highly Efficient Method for the Construction of a Plasmid
... library. The new method was based on the addition of complementary single stranded oligomers to cDNA and vector as 5' overhangs and annealing of the 5' overhangs before ligation to increase ligation efficiency. To generate the long, complementary 5' overhangs to cDNA and vector DNA a common un phosp ...
... library. The new method was based on the addition of complementary single stranded oligomers to cDNA and vector as 5' overhangs and annealing of the 5' overhangs before ligation to increase ligation efficiency. To generate the long, complementary 5' overhangs to cDNA and vector DNA a common un phosp ...
Use of novel assays to measure in vivo base excision DNA repair
... cleavage of the N-glycosyl bond between the lesion and deoxyribose in the backbone, resulting in an AP site. Being a bifunctional DNA glycosylase, hOGGl has both DNA glycosylase and DNA lyase activities. Thus, following removal of the 8oxodG lesion, the lyase activity allows the enzyme to cleave the ...
... cleavage of the N-glycosyl bond between the lesion and deoxyribose in the backbone, resulting in an AP site. Being a bifunctional DNA glycosylase, hOGGl has both DNA glycosylase and DNA lyase activities. Thus, following removal of the 8oxodG lesion, the lyase activity allows the enzyme to cleave the ...
Poly ADP-ribosylation: a histone shuttle mechanism in DNA excision
... or indirectly following enzymatic incision (for review see Friedberg, 1985; Lambert and Laval, 1989). Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is activated in vivo concomitant with the appearence of DNA strand breaks (e.g. see Cohen and Berger, 1981; Berger and Sikorski, 1981; Cohen et al., 1982; McCurry and Jac ...
... or indirectly following enzymatic incision (for review see Friedberg, 1985; Lambert and Laval, 1989). Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is activated in vivo concomitant with the appearence of DNA strand breaks (e.g. see Cohen and Berger, 1981; Berger and Sikorski, 1981; Cohen et al., 1982; McCurry and Jac ...
Document
... • Adenine must pair with Thymine • Guanine must pair with Cytosine • Their amounts in a given DNA molecule will be about the same. ...
... • Adenine must pair with Thymine • Guanine must pair with Cytosine • Their amounts in a given DNA molecule will be about the same. ...
Reconstruction of the original mycoflora in pelleted feed by PCR
... quantify fungal DNA in these feed types, PCR-based methods were applied. The DNA bands in SSCP gel were analyzed with the GELCOMPAR II program. The results show that the similarities of DNA band profiles from both feed types (ground vs. pellet) were > 85% up to 97.6%. The within-group variability o ...
... quantify fungal DNA in these feed types, PCR-based methods were applied. The DNA bands in SSCP gel were analyzed with the GELCOMPAR II program. The results show that the similarities of DNA band profiles from both feed types (ground vs. pellet) were > 85% up to 97.6%. The within-group variability o ...
The HARP domain dictates the annealing helicase
... Mutations in HepA-related protein (HARP); also known as DNA-dependent ATPase A and SMARCAL1 (SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a-like 1)) cause Schimke immunoosseous dysplasia (SIOD), a rare, autosomal recessive disease characterized by spondyloepi ...
... Mutations in HepA-related protein (HARP); also known as DNA-dependent ATPase A and SMARCAL1 (SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a-like 1)) cause Schimke immunoosseous dysplasia (SIOD), a rare, autosomal recessive disease characterized by spondyloepi ...
Studies on Polynucleotides
... gene (2). Using these systems, the nucleotide sequence beyond the 3’ end of the primers was determined by the DNA polymerase I-catalyzed addition of nucleotides by using a restricted number of deoxyribonucleoside 5’-triphosphates. In agreement with Altman and Smith (3), it was found that the sequenc ...
... gene (2). Using these systems, the nucleotide sequence beyond the 3’ end of the primers was determined by the DNA polymerase I-catalyzed addition of nucleotides by using a restricted number of deoxyribonucleoside 5’-triphosphates. In agreement with Altman and Smith (3), it was found that the sequenc ...
Document
... A group of three bases (a triplet) controls the production of a particular amino acid in the cytoplasm of the cell The different amino acids and the order in which they are joined up determines the sort of protein being produced ...
... A group of three bases (a triplet) controls the production of a particular amino acid in the cytoplasm of the cell The different amino acids and the order in which they are joined up determines the sort of protein being produced ...
Single-stranded heteroduplex intermediates in l Red homologous
... contains a selectable gene, is introduced into the middle of the copy. The incorporation of the linear dsDNA by HR incorporates the central heterologous sequence and so alters the target by ‘replacement’. This application of HR differs from endogenous HR because it does not involve the repair of a D ...
... contains a selectable gene, is introduced into the middle of the copy. The incorporation of the linear dsDNA by HR incorporates the central heterologous sequence and so alters the target by ‘replacement’. This application of HR differs from endogenous HR because it does not involve the repair of a D ...
Recent Advances in Developing Small Molecules Targeting Nucleic
... And the ring of indoloquinone forms a 45 toThe the helix axis,DNA as shown in Figure 5B. interacting with thethese corresponding biologicalcan partners, thus thechange transcription or replication process of As mentioned, small molecules modify and the overall conformation be blocked. by Thiscross-l ...
... And the ring of indoloquinone forms a 45 toThe the helix axis,DNA as shown in Figure 5B. interacting with thethese corresponding biologicalcan partners, thus thechange transcription or replication process of As mentioned, small molecules modify and the overall conformation be blocked. by Thiscross-l ...
The Preservation and Persistence of Human DNA in Soil during
... in prokaryotes (Griswold, 2008). Prokaryotes can also incorporate plasmids into their genome, which may either be linear or circular (Griswold, 2008); circular DNA is likely more protected from enzymatic breakdown than linear DNA (Nielsen et al., 2007). One form of eukaryotic DNA of both animals and ...
... in prokaryotes (Griswold, 2008). Prokaryotes can also incorporate plasmids into their genome, which may either be linear or circular (Griswold, 2008); circular DNA is likely more protected from enzymatic breakdown than linear DNA (Nielsen et al., 2007). One form of eukaryotic DNA of both animals and ...
Transcription blockage by stable H-DNA analogs in
... and another as a donor of the third strand (Figure 1A). During H-DNA formation, the donor stretch dissociates into two single strands. One strand winds back down the major groove of the acceptor stretch forming the triplex via Hoogsteen-type base pairing, while the other remains single-stranded. Bot ...
... and another as a donor of the third strand (Figure 1A). During H-DNA formation, the donor stretch dissociates into two single strands. One strand winds back down the major groove of the acceptor stretch forming the triplex via Hoogsteen-type base pairing, while the other remains single-stranded. Bot ...
Non-homologous end-joining factors of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are considered to be a severe form of DNA damage, because if left unrepaired, they can cause a cell death and, if misrepaired, they can lead to genomic instability and, ultimately, the development of cancer in multicellular organisms. The budding yeast Saccharomyces ce ...
... DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are considered to be a severe form of DNA damage, because if left unrepaired, they can cause a cell death and, if misrepaired, they can lead to genomic instability and, ultimately, the development of cancer in multicellular organisms. The budding yeast Saccharomyces ce ...
The Art of DNA Strings: Sixteen Years of DNA Coding Theory
... match. But in some situation, DNA strands may not form perfect base pairing and react in undesirable manner. One situation is formation of secondary structure in which first half strand of the DNA strand forms complementary with its own other half forming the hair pin like structure. This kind of st ...
... match. But in some situation, DNA strands may not form perfect base pairing and react in undesirable manner. One situation is formation of secondary structure in which first half strand of the DNA strand forms complementary with its own other half forming the hair pin like structure. This kind of st ...
Human RIF1 and protein phosphatase 1 stimulate DNA replication
... knockdown of Rif1 has a significant impact on the Orc1 phosphorylation levels, Orc1 stability and MCM2-7 loading. The authors observed that degradation of phosphorylated Orc1 through the known proteasome pathway is hyperactive in the absence of Rif1, as dephosphorylating of Orc1 is reduced. Cruciall ...
... knockdown of Rif1 has a significant impact on the Orc1 phosphorylation levels, Orc1 stability and MCM2-7 loading. The authors observed that degradation of phosphorylated Orc1 through the known proteasome pathway is hyperactive in the absence of Rif1, as dephosphorylating of Orc1 is reduced. Cruciall ...
Validation of picogram- and femtogram-input DNA libraries
... micrometers (Azam, 1998). These hotspots include marine snow particles, cell lysis and excretions by larger organisms such as phytoplankton exudates, which result in microscale chemical gradients that chemotactic bacteria can exploit (Azam & Malfatti, 2007; Stocker, 2012). Specific populations and t ...
... micrometers (Azam, 1998). These hotspots include marine snow particles, cell lysis and excretions by larger organisms such as phytoplankton exudates, which result in microscale chemical gradients that chemotactic bacteria can exploit (Azam & Malfatti, 2007; Stocker, 2012). Specific populations and t ...
Unit VI – Structure and Function of DNA and RNA Unit VI: Structure
... The DNA is stretched out in the nucleus as chromatin before cell division so that it can be read. DNA is the blueprint for the synthesis of proteins, and proteins determine the traits of an organism. Proteins are made up of amino acids. Each amino acid is determined by a sequence of 3 base pairs of ...
... The DNA is stretched out in the nucleus as chromatin before cell division so that it can be read. DNA is the blueprint for the synthesis of proteins, and proteins determine the traits of an organism. Proteins are made up of amino acids. Each amino acid is determined by a sequence of 3 base pairs of ...
Protein–Nucleic Acid Interactions
... In cells, RNA is often found in single-stranded form, and may fold into compact structures, such as an RNA hairpin (Figure 10.3a), especially if it contains regions of self-complementarity. The segment of RNA that separates the complementary sequences forms a loop in which the bases are exposed. Suc ...
... In cells, RNA is often found in single-stranded form, and may fold into compact structures, such as an RNA hairpin (Figure 10.3a), especially if it contains regions of self-complementarity. The segment of RNA that separates the complementary sequences forms a loop in which the bases are exposed. Suc ...
1Representation and analysis of DNA sequences
... Another significant result is that the cumulated phase has an approximately piecewise linear variation in prokaryotes, while drifting around zero in eukaryotes. The breaking points of the cumulated phase in prokaryotes can be put in correspondence with the limits of the chromosome “replichores”: the ...
... Another significant result is that the cumulated phase has an approximately piecewise linear variation in prokaryotes, while drifting around zero in eukaryotes. The breaking points of the cumulated phase in prokaryotes can be put in correspondence with the limits of the chromosome “replichores”: the ...
Factorindependent transcription pausing caused by recognition of
... Maoileidigh et al, 2011). RNAP pausing is an important mechanism of transcriptional regulation both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (Landick, 2006). Promoter-proximal s-dependent pausing is crucial for the regulation of phage development, and was also recently suggested to be a common way of regulatio ...
... Maoileidigh et al, 2011). RNAP pausing is an important mechanism of transcriptional regulation both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (Landick, 2006). Promoter-proximal s-dependent pausing is crucial for the regulation of phage development, and was also recently suggested to be a common way of regulatio ...
Solving a Crime Using DNA Analysis and Chemistry
... This protocol will require running a polyacrylamide gel. You will need glass plates and the accompanying gel electrophoresis apparatus. You can purchase precast 6% polyacrylamide gels from GE Life Sciences and Invitrogen, but you will also need the appropriate gel electrophoresis apparatus for the p ...
... This protocol will require running a polyacrylamide gel. You will need glass plates and the accompanying gel electrophoresis apparatus. You can purchase precast 6% polyacrylamide gels from GE Life Sciences and Invitrogen, but you will also need the appropriate gel electrophoresis apparatus for the p ...
Infertility and aneuploidy in mice lacking a type IA
... animals, over time and through successive generations, particularly in the male germ cells. Therefore, we examined the meiotic metaphases in infertile top3⫺/⫺ males and in TOP3⫹/⫹ control animals by fluorescence in situ hybridization. A mixture of differently tagged probes that specifically hybrid ...
... animals, over time and through successive generations, particularly in the male germ cells. Therefore, we examined the meiotic metaphases in infertile top3⫺/⫺ males and in TOP3⫹/⫹ control animals by fluorescence in situ hybridization. A mixture of differently tagged probes that specifically hybrid ...
DNA replication
DNA replication is the process of producing two identical replicas from one original DNA molecule. This biological process occurs in all living organisms and is the basis for biological inheritance. DNA is made up of two strands and each strand of the original DNA molecule serves as a template for the production of the complementary strand, a process referred to as semiconservative replication. Cellular proofreading and error-checking mechanisms ensure near perfect fidelity for DNA replication.In a cell, DNA replication begins at specific locations, or origins of replication, in the genome. Unwinding of DNA at the origin and synthesis of new strands results in replication forks growing bidirectional from the origin. A number of proteins are associated with the replication fork which helps in terms of the initiation and continuation of DNA synthesis. Most prominently, DNA polymerase synthesizes the new DNA by adding complementary nucleotides to the template strand.DNA replication can also be performed in vitro (artificially, outside a cell). DNA polymerases isolated from cells and artificial DNA primers can be used to initiate DNA synthesis at known sequences in a template DNA molecule. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a common laboratory technique, cyclically applies such artificial synthesis to amplify a specific target DNA fragment from a pool of DNA.