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Staying alive  Department of Science
Staying alive Department of Science

... cells. They are found in the cytoplasm of the cell and have a double membrane surrounding them. The number of plastids in a cell varies. This number depends on the changing of environmental conditions that the plant encounters and how the plant adjusts to these changes. The number of plastids in a c ...
Chapter 8 Prokaryotes
Chapter 8 Prokaryotes

... In asexual reproduction, all the offspring are exactly the same. This is the biggest drawback of this type of reproduction. Why? Lack of genetic variation increases the risk of extinction. Without variety, there may be no organisms that can survive a major change in the environment. Prokaryotes have ...
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40_Animal tissues

... • An animal’s size and shape directly affect how it exchanges energy and materials with its surroundings. • Exchange occurs as substances dissolved in the aqueous medium diffuse and are transported across the cells’ plasma membranes. • A single-celled protist living in water has a sufficient surface ...
PowerPoint PDF Printout
PowerPoint PDF Printout

... Images: Cyanobacteria, Bob Baylock; Elodea plant cells, T. Port Chloroplast diagram, Wiki ...
Respiratory System
Respiratory System

... A word or two more needs to be said about Clara cells. In most of our slides Clara cells are not readily identifiable. One of their morphological characteristics is that they tend to bulge into the airway lumen (Ross, Fig. 19.13, p. 678). Their apical ends are either dome-shaped or pointed like the ...
Body Symmetry - Cloudfront.net
Body Symmetry - Cloudfront.net

... • They may walk, swim, crawl, burrow, or fly—or not move at all • As you will see, each major group, or phylum, has its own typical body plan ...
vet ch 1 and 2
vet ch 1 and 2

... 2. The female not only provides the ovum for fertilization, but she also cares for the young ...
doc - Peace Corps Tanzania
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... Main parts of a cell - Cell membrane, nucleus, cell wall, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, cell vacuole Cell Membrane - Made of living material. Its function is to enclose and protect the inner parts of the cell by selectively allowing certain substances to pass through while preventing others making it sel ...
LAB 1: Scientific Method/Tools of Scientific Inquiry
LAB 1: Scientific Method/Tools of Scientific Inquiry

... cell such as a cheek cell has a diameter of 40 µm. While this may not seem like much, in terms of volume this is a huge difference. For example, two spherical cells 7 m and 40 m across differ almost 200-fold in volume. Prokaryotes reproduce by a simple asexual cell division process called binary f ...
Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems
Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems

... chemical properties that are responsible for their participation in virtually every process occurring within and between cells. The three-dimensional structure of proteins is a direct consequence of the nature of the covalently-bonded sequence of amino acids, their chemical and physical properties, ...
Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems
Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems

... chemical properties that are responsible for their participation in virtually every process occurring within and between cells. The three-dimensional structure of proteins is a direct consequence of the nature of the covalently-bonded sequence of amino acids, their chemical and physical properties, ...
Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems
Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems

... chemical properties that are responsible for their participation in virtually every process occurring within and between cells. The three-dimensional structure of proteins is a direct consequence of the nature of the covalently-bonded sequence of amino acids, their chemical and physical properties, ...
Cell Compounds
Cell Compounds

... Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons. Remember that electrons move very fast and thus can be shared, effectively filling or emptying the outer shells of the atoms involved in the bond. Such bonds are referred to as electron-sharing bonds. An analogy can be made to child custody: the childr ...
MS Word Version - Interactive Physiology
MS Word Version - Interactive Physiology

... (3) The hydrogen ion moves into the filtrate in exchange (4) In the filtrate, H+ combines with filtered bicarbonate to form carbonic acid. Carbonic anhydrase for Na+, to maintain electrical neutrality, through a then breaks apart the carbonic acid into carbon dioxide sodium ion/hydrogen ion antipor ...
fertilization details - Fall River Public Schools
fertilization details - Fall River Public Schools

... iii. Now seeing decline in age of first menarche 6. Reaction Norm a. Now that we see the biological basis of human development, we will see how the environment plays a role. b. Environment can play a part in shaping the adult organism c. Ie, the genotype may have potential to be 70 inches if environ ...
Sponges are sessile, feed by phagocytosis, and reproduce sexually
Sponges are sessile, feed by phagocytosis, and reproduce sexually

... Sponges are monoecious; depending on the species, production of gametes may be continuous through the year or dependent on water temperature. In nature, sponges are sessile as adults; however, under laboratory conditions, sponge cells are capable of localized creeping movements through organizationa ...
Tissues - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
Tissues - Fullfrontalanatomy.com

... What is the simple squamous layer that lines blood vessels called? ...
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... In mammals such as humans, each lung is invested in the lining of its own pleural cavity. [What might the selective advantage of having separate pleural cavities be?] The lining of the pleural cavities is called the pleura and consists of a serous mesothelium and underlying lamina propria. The port ...
Animal Phylum poster Porifera
Animal Phylum poster Porifera

... Hydraulic skeleton - gastrovascular fluid; longitudinal and circular muscles ...
Biology Class IX for SA-I 2016-17
Biology Class IX for SA-I 2016-17

... Vishwanatham, Principal, KV Raichur for their kind suggestions and motivation while preparing this Question Bank. I would like to place on record my thanks to respected sir Shri. P. K. Chandran, Principal, presently working in KV Bambolim. I have started my career in KVS under his guidance, suggesti ...
Science Grade 7 2015 - HSS-High
Science Grade 7 2015 - HSS-High

... ecosystem has less ability to withstand the same environmental stress. The biodiversity of an ecosystem depends on limiting factors, or factors that limit the ability of that habitat to sustain a population. Ecological succession is the dynamic and predictable transition of organisms that make up a ...
Biology 3A
Biology 3A

... Watching T.V. D Sleeping 12. Where do plants get the glucose that they use for respiration? A From nutrients in the soil B From osmosis of water C From photosynthesis D From respiration 13. When might your body experience an oxygen debt? A After waking up in the morning B After going for a long walk ...
Grade 12, University Preparation Biology Version A
Grade 12, University Preparation Biology Version A

... that occur in our bodies, we must have a strong understanding of Biochemistry. Biochemists study the elements, compounds and chemical reactions that are controlled by enzymes and take place in all living organisms. It is focused on the structure and function of cellular components, such as carbohydr ...
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Cell theory



In biology, cell theory is a scientific theory which describes the properties of cells. These cells are the basic unit of structure in all organisms and also the basic unit of reproduction. With continual improvements made to microscopes over time, magnification technology advanced enough to discover cells in the 17th century. This discovery is largely attributed to Robert Hooke, and began the scientific study of cells, also known as cell biology. Over a century later, many debates about cells began amongst scientists. Most of these debates involved the nature of cellular regeneration, and the idea of cells as a fundamental unit of life. Cell theory was eventually formulated in 1838. This is usually credited to Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann. However, many other scientists like Rudolf Virchow contributed to the theory. Cell theory has become the foundation of biology and is the most widely accepted explanation of the function of cells.The three tenets to the cell theory are as described below: All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life. All cells arise from pre-existing, living cells, by biogenesis.
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