Dopamine-Serotonin System Stabilizer
... Aripiprazole, a novel antipsychotic agent, is assumed to be a “dopamine-serotonin system stabilizer”. According to preclinical studies, aripiprazole exerts partial agonistic action on D2 and 5-HT1A receptors. Thus, it may block a receptor if it is overstimulated and stimulate a receptor when activit ...
... Aripiprazole, a novel antipsychotic agent, is assumed to be a “dopamine-serotonin system stabilizer”. According to preclinical studies, aripiprazole exerts partial agonistic action on D2 and 5-HT1A receptors. Thus, it may block a receptor if it is overstimulated and stimulate a receptor when activit ...
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions
... a traditional beverage in the Pacific Islands. During the past few decades, kava has also gained popularity in Western countries as well, due to its anxiolytic and sedative properties. However, in recent years, kava has been implicated in several liver failure cases which led to its ban in many coun ...
... a traditional beverage in the Pacific Islands. During the past few decades, kava has also gained popularity in Western countries as well, due to its anxiolytic and sedative properties. However, in recent years, kava has been implicated in several liver failure cases which led to its ban in many coun ...
Prescribing Information
... In the adult PROVIGIL controlled trials, psychiatric symptoms resulting in treatment discontinuation (at a frequency ≥0.3%) and reported more often in patients treated with PROVIGIL compared to those treated with placebo were anxiety (1%), nervousness (1%), insomnia (<1%), confusion (<1%), agitation ...
... In the adult PROVIGIL controlled trials, psychiatric symptoms resulting in treatment discontinuation (at a frequency ≥0.3%) and reported more often in patients treated with PROVIGIL compared to those treated with placebo were anxiety (1%), nervousness (1%), insomnia (<1%), confusion (<1%), agitation ...
Assessment of zopiclone - World Health Organization
... to return to normal performance, which could occur e.g., in military operational settings. Zopiclone was the strongest sleep-inducing treatment of the four in terms of both subjective drowsiness and sleep recorded by EEG during 4-min eyes-closed rest periods, and its impairing effects in demanding p ...
... to return to normal performance, which could occur e.g., in military operational settings. Zopiclone was the strongest sleep-inducing treatment of the four in terms of both subjective drowsiness and sleep recorded by EEG during 4-min eyes-closed rest periods, and its impairing effects in demanding p ...
Effects of Cannabis Use on Human Behavior, Including Cognition
... what proportion of psychosis risk can be attributed to cannabis use and the extent to which individuals without genetic predisposition can be precipitated into the illness. Despite this ambiguity, there is strong physiological and epidemiological evidence supporting a mechanistic link between cannab ...
... what proportion of psychosis risk can be attributed to cannabis use and the extent to which individuals without genetic predisposition can be precipitated into the illness. Despite this ambiguity, there is strong physiological and epidemiological evidence supporting a mechanistic link between cannab ...
Effects of Cannabis Use on Human Behavior, Including
... what proportion of psychosis risk can be attributed to cannabis use and the extent to which individuals without genetic predisposition can be precipitated into the illness. Despite this ambiguity, there is strong physiological and epidemiological evidence supporting a mechanistic link between cannab ...
... what proportion of psychosis risk can be attributed to cannabis use and the extent to which individuals without genetic predisposition can be precipitated into the illness. Despite this ambiguity, there is strong physiological and epidemiological evidence supporting a mechanistic link between cannab ...
British Association for Psychopharmacology consensus statement
... The nature of sleep changes with age. Older age is associated with poorer objectively measured sleep with shorter sleep time, diminished sleep efficiency, and more arousals, and these changes may be more marked in men than in women, according to a very large study of elderly people living at home in t ...
... The nature of sleep changes with age. Older age is associated with poorer objectively measured sleep with shorter sleep time, diminished sleep efficiency, and more arousals, and these changes may be more marked in men than in women, according to a very large study of elderly people living at home in t ...
Characteristics and Consequences of Use of Anabolic Androgenic
... Initially, the discovery of testosterone was hailed as a panacea for many illnesses; “neurastemia”, anaemias, osteoporosis, mammary carcinoma and catabolic states such as cachexia (e.g. survivors from concentrations camps), burns and trauma. Psychiatry was also quick to adopt testosterone as a curea ...
... Initially, the discovery of testosterone was hailed as a panacea for many illnesses; “neurastemia”, anaemias, osteoporosis, mammary carcinoma and catabolic states such as cachexia (e.g. survivors from concentrations camps), burns and trauma. Psychiatry was also quick to adopt testosterone as a curea ...
product monograph
... epinephrine may be needed to overcome the bronchospasm, while on the other, these doses can be associated with excessive alpha adrenergic stimulation with consequent hypertension, reflex bradycardia and heart-block and possible potentiation of bronchospasm. Alternatives to the use of large doses of ...
... epinephrine may be needed to overcome the bronchospasm, while on the other, these doses can be associated with excessive alpha adrenergic stimulation with consequent hypertension, reflex bradycardia and heart-block and possible potentiation of bronchospasm. Alternatives to the use of large doses of ...
Melatonin - Integrative Hormone Consulting
... Melatonin can affect the normal production of certain hormones in your body such as thyroid hormone, growth hormone, and other hormones for normal body development. Since melatonin may affect the result of laboratory test for these hormones, inform your physician before you have any blood work done. ...
... Melatonin can affect the normal production of certain hormones in your body such as thyroid hormone, growth hormone, and other hormones for normal body development. Since melatonin may affect the result of laboratory test for these hormones, inform your physician before you have any blood work done. ...
pharmacological manipulation of cb1 receptor
... support a role for the endocannabinoid (EC) system in many Little information exists, however on the role of the aspects of EtOH-drinking related behaviours. CB1 receptor function in behavioural tolerance to EtOH. Manipulation of CB1 receptors results in alterations in Compelling evidence in favour ...
... support a role for the endocannabinoid (EC) system in many Little information exists, however on the role of the aspects of EtOH-drinking related behaviours. CB1 receptor function in behavioural tolerance to EtOH. Manipulation of CB1 receptors results in alterations in Compelling evidence in favour ...
as a PDF
... College of Physicians and Surgeons, Colombia University, New York, NY, USA (Received 11 July 2005; first review notified 18 August 2005; accepted in revised form 30 August 2005; accepted 9 September 2005; advance access publication 10 October 2005) ...
... College of Physicians and Surgeons, Colombia University, New York, NY, USA (Received 11 July 2005; first review notified 18 August 2005; accepted in revised form 30 August 2005; accepted 9 September 2005; advance access publication 10 October 2005) ...
Presentations Indications Dosage and Administration
... Cranial lesions and high intracranial pressure. The respiratory depressant effects of methadone and its capacity to increase the cerebrospinal fluid pressure can be considerably increased in the presence of an increase of the intracranial pressure; furthermore narcotics produce undesirable effects, ...
... Cranial lesions and high intracranial pressure. The respiratory depressant effects of methadone and its capacity to increase the cerebrospinal fluid pressure can be considerably increased in the presence of an increase of the intracranial pressure; furthermore narcotics produce undesirable effects, ...
chapter ii nicotine: pharmacokinetics, metabolism
... to decreasing responsiveness to a drug or chemical such that larger doses are required to produce the same magnitude of effect. Tolerance to many actions of nicotine occurs in animals and humans. Evidence for tolerance to nicotine and mechanisms of tolerance development will be reviewed in this Chap ...
... to decreasing responsiveness to a drug or chemical such that larger doses are required to produce the same magnitude of effect. Tolerance to many actions of nicotine occurs in animals and humans. Evidence for tolerance to nicotine and mechanisms of tolerance development will be reviewed in this Chap ...
S F R SAMHSA
... doses up to 32 mg have been safely given to opiate-experienced – but not physically dependent – subjects (Sporer, 2004). Buprenorphine’s partial agonist properties also produce a ceiling effect on respiration, suggesting a lower risk of severe respiratory depression or apnea (Vocci & Ling, 2005). Ne ...
... doses up to 32 mg have been safely given to opiate-experienced – but not physically dependent – subjects (Sporer, 2004). Buprenorphine’s partial agonist properties also produce a ceiling effect on respiration, suggesting a lower risk of severe respiratory depression or apnea (Vocci & Ling, 2005). Ne ...
A Multifaceted GABAA Receptor Modulator
... general anesthetic etomidate. The negligible activities displayed by methaqualone at numerous neurotransmitter receptors and transporters in an elaborate screening for additional putative central nervous system (CNS) targets suggest that it is a selective GABAAR modulator. The mode of action of meth ...
... general anesthetic etomidate. The negligible activities displayed by methaqualone at numerous neurotransmitter receptors and transporters in an elaborate screening for additional putative central nervous system (CNS) targets suggest that it is a selective GABAAR modulator. The mode of action of meth ...
Pricing and Inventories at Unlicensed Online Pharmacies
... From a set of 583 candidate pharmacies, we removed false positives (non-pharmaceutical sites), parked domains, and pharmacies for which we could not easily retrieve inventories. We subsequently obtained complete inventories for a total of 265 online pharmacies that advertise through variants of sear ...
... From a set of 583 candidate pharmacies, we removed false positives (non-pharmaceutical sites), parked domains, and pharmacies for which we could not easily retrieve inventories. We subsequently obtained complete inventories for a total of 265 online pharmacies that advertise through variants of sear ...
A Practitioner`s Handbook Of Materia Medica And Therapeutics The
... Many authorities claim that the chemic actions of drugs are much more prominent than their so-called vital actions. It is not always the more gross chemic action of acid and base, oxidation or interchange, but rather a certain affinity of the drug for some form of living protoplasm. When such drug a ...
... Many authorities claim that the chemic actions of drugs are much more prominent than their so-called vital actions. It is not always the more gross chemic action of acid and base, oxidation or interchange, but rather a certain affinity of the drug for some form of living protoplasm. When such drug a ...
Antidote–Opioids
... Pure opioid antagonists produce no clinical effects in opioid-naïve or nondependent patients even when administered in massive doses.7 When patients dependent on opioid agonists are exposed to opioid antagonists or agonist– antagonists such as pentazocine, they exhibit opioid withdrawal, including ...
... Pure opioid antagonists produce no clinical effects in opioid-naïve or nondependent patients even when administered in massive doses.7 When patients dependent on opioid agonists are exposed to opioid antagonists or agonist– antagonists such as pentazocine, they exhibit opioid withdrawal, including ...
GABAA receptors signal bidirectional reward transmission from the
... muscimol (5–50 ng) or antagonist bicuculline (5–50 ng) in either opiate-naive, or opiate-dependent and withdrawn rats. Both intra-VTA muscimol and intra-VTA bicuculline produced robust conditioned place preferences (CPP) over an order-of-magnitude dose range in both opiate-naive and opiate-dependent ...
... muscimol (5–50 ng) or antagonist bicuculline (5–50 ng) in either opiate-naive, or opiate-dependent and withdrawn rats. Both intra-VTA muscimol and intra-VTA bicuculline produced robust conditioned place preferences (CPP) over an order-of-magnitude dose range in both opiate-naive and opiate-dependent ...
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS Adolescents and Anabolic
... The use of a variety of substances has long accompanied efforts to enhance athletic performance.1 Such use is not limited to professional and Olympic athletes. Studies focusing on anabolic steroids have shown a continuing and significant increase of use among adolescent athletes and nonathletes alik ...
... The use of a variety of substances has long accompanied efforts to enhance athletic performance.1 Such use is not limited to professional and Olympic athletes. Studies focusing on anabolic steroids have shown a continuing and significant increase of use among adolescent athletes and nonathletes alik ...
Nasal Drug Delivery
... reaches the lungs (Chien and Chang, 1987). The human nose is divided into two symmetrical halves by the median septum; each half opens to the face through the nostrils and extends posteriorly to the nasopharynx (Chien et al., 1989). The nasal vestibule is the most anterior part of the nasal cavity; ...
... reaches the lungs (Chien and Chang, 1987). The human nose is divided into two symmetrical halves by the median septum; each half opens to the face through the nostrils and extends posteriorly to the nasopharynx (Chien et al., 1989). The nasal vestibule is the most anterior part of the nasal cavity; ...
Scientific Opinion on safety evaluation of Ephedra
... reported value of total alkaloid content of the herb ranges from about 0.5 to 49.9 mg/g, with the two main alkaloids, (-)-ephedrine and (+)-pseudoephedrine together accounting for 70-99 % of the total alkaloid content. The relative proportion of the individual alkaloids is also extremely variable, w ...
... reported value of total alkaloid content of the herb ranges from about 0.5 to 49.9 mg/g, with the two main alkaloids, (-)-ephedrine and (+)-pseudoephedrine together accounting for 70-99 % of the total alkaloid content. The relative proportion of the individual alkaloids is also extremely variable, w ...
BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF OPIOIDS, STIMULANTS, AND
... nature of NIH 11247 led to the hypothesis that entry to the central nervous system may be limited, thereby resulting in the lack of activity when administered s.c. However, the compounds were also inactive when administered i.c.v. The lack of opioid activity s.c. is probably due to their low binding ...
... nature of NIH 11247 led to the hypothesis that entry to the central nervous system may be limited, thereby resulting in the lack of activity when administered s.c. However, the compounds were also inactive when administered i.c.v. The lack of opioid activity s.c. is probably due to their low binding ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... factors15,16 including different age groups, children characteristics, and dissimilar sedation scores.We used simple nasal drops administration instead of nasal spray or mucosal atomisation device 12 We did not evaluate the onset time and peak effect of the two doses of intranasal dexmedetomidine or ...
... factors15,16 including different age groups, children characteristics, and dissimilar sedation scores.We used simple nasal drops administration instead of nasal spray or mucosal atomisation device 12 We did not evaluate the onset time and peak effect of the two doses of intranasal dexmedetomidine or ...
Stimulant
Stimulants (also referred to as psychostimulants) are psychoactive drugs that induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both. Examples of these kinds of effects may include enhanced alertness, wakefulness, and locomotion, among others. Due to their rendering a characteristic ""up"" feeling, stimulants are also occasionally referred to as ""uppers"". Depressants or ""downers"", which decrease mental and/or physical function, are in stark contrast to stimulants and are considered to be their functional opposites. Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines and without prescription both as legal substances and illicit substances of recreational use or abuse.