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Pharmacotherapy for Anxiety Disorders: Drugs Available References
Pharmacotherapy for Anxiety Disorders: Drugs Available References

... subject, most patients with anxiety disorders try hard to maintain their usual activities. In these circum stances, imipramine may be a better choice than amitriptyline. While TCAs are undoubtedly useful in anxiety disorders the gains made during treatment are not always maintained following drug di ...
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released during the
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... neurotransmitter most responsible for vigilant concentration in contrast to its mostchemically-similar hormone, dopamine, which is most responsible for cognitive alertness. Areas of the body that produce or are affected by norepinephrine are described as noradrenergic. One of the most important func ...
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Clinical Pharmacology
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The Physiological Basis Of Drug Addiction
The Physiological Basis Of Drug Addiction

... stress and exercise, can also have an effect of neurogenesis by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis. Mounting evidence suggests this for 3 reasons: small doses of opiates and psychostimulants increase coricosterone concentration in serum but with no effect of neurogenesis; althou ...
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Behavioral and Antinociceptive Effects of Different Psychostimulant
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... and rewarding effects are mediated by similar receptors and similar sites of action. It involves dopaminergic neurons that are located in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and project to various forebrain sites including the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Opioids cause the release of dopamine from these ne ...
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gangrenous ergotism
gangrenous ergotism

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Systematic Review of Treatment for Amphetamine

... information. We need systematic reviews to efficiently integrate valid information and provide a basis for rational decision making. Systematic reviews establish where the effects of healthcare are consistent and research results can be applied across populations, settings, and differences in treatm ...
Toxicokinetics and analytical toxicology of amphetamine
Toxicokinetics and analytical toxicology of amphetamine

... detectable. To check whether this effect was due to the instability of the catechols, we incubated the drugs with both, microsomes and cytosol plus S-adenosyl-methionine. Thus, the catechols could be stabilized in statu nascendi by catechol-Omethyl-transferase (COMT) catalyzed methylation. Using thi ...
Routine analysis of amphetamine class drugs as their
Routine analysis of amphetamine class drugs as their

... run with every batch of samples. Amphetamines were quantified at 450 nm instead of 260 nm since the latter wavelength was found to be less specific. This was at the expense of sensitivity as UV ...
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Stimulant



Stimulants (also referred to as psychostimulants) are psychoactive drugs that induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both. Examples of these kinds of effects may include enhanced alertness, wakefulness, and locomotion, among others. Due to their rendering a characteristic ""up"" feeling, stimulants are also occasionally referred to as ""uppers"". Depressants or ""downers"", which decrease mental and/or physical function, are in stark contrast to stimulants and are considered to be their functional opposites. Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines and without prescription both as legal substances and illicit substances of recreational use or abuse.
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