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AII - AIDS Education and Training Centers
AII - AIDS Education and Training Centers

...  Viral suppression: plasma VL below the detection limit of the assay used (generally <20-75 copies/mL)  Confirm HIV RNA or CD4 count/% with a second test before making decisions about initiating or changing therapy based on HIV RNA or CD4 count/%  Changes in HIV RNA copies/mL of less than 5-fold ...
Appendix L - Health and Social Services
Appendix L - Health and Social Services

... All NSAIDs: Use with caution in patients with actual or risk of renal impairment, including those with diabetes. 97 acetylsalicylic acid ...
Management of Patients with Psychostimulant Toxicity: Guidelines
Management of Patients with Psychostimulant Toxicity: Guidelines

... 5. paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) 6. paramethoxymethamphetamine (PMMA) ...
In children with moderate dehydration, oral rehydration reduced ED
In children with moderate dehydration, oral rehydration reduced ED

... Although evidence suggests that failure rates of ORT and IVT are not clinically different, existing trials were designed to test efficacy rather than equivalence. Therefore, although we can conclude that there is no evidence of a treatment difference, we cannot claim that the treatments are equivale ...
Access to cannabis for medical and scientific purposes RIS
Access to cannabis for medical and scientific purposes RIS

... Access to cannabis for medicinal purposes through the first pathway, such as occurred for Sativex, requires a robust dossier of clinical trial and other data and is commonly submitted after some years of significant commercial investment. Access through the second pathway is a matter of either seeki ...
Sharps Safety Policy 2015
Sharps Safety Policy 2015

... Ensure that all staff receives induction training in line with Trust requirements and implementation this policy. Ensure staff are aware of how to protect themselves at work, including provision of information and training on blood borne viruses and accidental exposure. Carry out local risk assessme ...
Guide to Good Prescribing - World Health Organization
Guide to Good Prescribing - World Health Organization

... they need to provide. This is usually because their earlier pharmacology training has concentrated more on theory than on practice. The material was probably 'drug-centred', and focused on indications and side effects of different drugs. But in clinical practice the reverse approach has to be taken, ...
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Toxic epidermal necrolysis

... The findings of numerous studies have revealed a correlation between SJS/TEN and over 200 different drugs, with the high-risk group including sulphonamides (cotrimoxazole, sulfasalazine), anticonvulsants (lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin) as well as allopurinol, nevirapine and no ...
Smart Infusion Pumps Reduce Intravenous Medication - jppr
Smart Infusion Pumps Reduce Intravenous Medication - jppr

... the infusions in the post-intervention period, suggests there is a need for ongoing education and promotional activities. The modest uptake of Guardrails was possibly influenced by factors, such as the appointment of new nursing staff and the use of contract or casual nursing staff unfamiliar with s ...
National Code of Practice for the Control of Work
National Code of Practice for the Control of Work

... HBV can survive in blood and body fluids/substances outside the body. HBV is not usually transmitted by casual contact between persons. A vaccine is available to prevent against HBV infection. People who use contaminated injecting drug equipment have a greatly increased risk of infection with HBV. ...
phospholipid: as novel excipient
phospholipid: as novel excipient

... masking of bitter taste of orally applied drugs.Technological strategies to achieve these effects are highly diverseand offer various possibilities of liquid, semi-liquid and solid lipid basedformulations for drug delivery optimization. Keyword: Phospholipid, Sources, enzymatic Hydrolysis, Novel Exc ...
Chapter 1 ppt
Chapter 1 ppt

...  From Greek pharmakon, meaning medicine or drug and poiein, meaning to make  List of all drugs used in apothecary, individual ingredients, strengths and purity, and how to prepare them  United States Pharmacopeia first published in 1820 Understanding Pharmacology for Health Professionals, 5th Ed. ...
Access to cannabis for medical and scientific purposes RIS
Access to cannabis for medical and scientific purposes RIS

... Access to cannabis for medicinal purposes through the first pathway, such as occurred for Sativex, requires a robust dossier of clinical trial and other data and is commonly submitted after some years of significant commercial investment. Access through the second pathway is a matter of either seeki ...
Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia
Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia

... be overlooked. On occasion, outpatients with drug-induced thrombocytopenia are treated for autoimmune thrombocytopenia and can have two or three recurrences before the drug causing the disorder is identified.1 In acutely ill, hospitalized patients, drug-induced thrombocytopenia can be overlooked bec ...
Botika ng Bayan Overview - The Center for Health Market
Botika ng Bayan Overview - The Center for Health Market

... companies, done in the wake of the enactment of the Cheaper Medicines Act. These issues require more intensive scrutiny beyond the scope of this study. The study involved a review of published and unpublished literature. Fortunately, there already exists a wealth of data from studies produced in rec ...
economics TB Drug Development t he o f
economics TB Drug Development t he o f

... treatment regimen lie tremendous social and economic benefits. Furthermore, such a drug will allow public health agencies to redirect their scarce resources away from the costly and labourintensive observed treatment and toward, for example, buying more drugs. This report not only provides key infor ...
Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia
Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia

... be overlooked. On occasion, outpatients with drug-induced thrombocytopenia are treated for autoimmune thrombocytopenia and can have two or three recurrences before the drug causing the disorder is identified.1 In acutely ill, hospitalized patients, drug-induced thrombocytopenia can be overlooked bec ...
i-Cheaper Medicines Program Review - DBM
i-Cheaper Medicines Program Review - DBM

... companies, done in the wake of the enactment of the Cheaper Medicines Act. These issues require more intensive scrutiny beyond the scope of this study. The study involved a review of published and unpublished literature. Fortunately, there already exists a wealth of data from studies produced in rec ...
Microstructured Transdermal System
Microstructured Transdermal System

... The 3M hollow Microstructured Transdermal System (hMTS) dramatically changes the landscape of transdermal delivery by offering a means of reproducibly and easily administering high volume liquid formulations into the skin. Like the sMTS, the hMTS platform utilizes medical-grade polymeric microstruct ...
Strategies for Addressing Hepatitis C Prevalence and Treatment in
Strategies for Addressing Hepatitis C Prevalence and Treatment in

... transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, individuals with a history of IV drug use are more affected by the infection. Moreover, Hepatitis C is more than three times more prevalent than HIV among this population.25According to the Drug Policy Alliance, “people of color are far more likely to be s ...
Article: Prevent Med Errors
Article: Prevent Med Errors

... System alerts can also assist in converting intravenous medications to less expensive oral route formulations. A computerized system was able to promote the conversion or discontinuation of 372 intravenous medications in 1,045 patients that were eligible for oral medications [24]. Automation of crit ...
Answering the enquiry
Answering the enquiry

... For new drugs, adverse reaction information in the SPC comes from clinical trials, data are limited and uncommon idiosyncratic reactions are unlikely to be included. The SPCs for more established drugs include adverse reactions identified by postmarketing surveillance studies and ...
Drugs and the Law - Police Foundation
Drugs and the Law - Police Foundation

... which we received from them underpinned the entire Inquiry and enabled us to commission research and seek evidence which would not otherwise have been available to us and which played an important part in informing our decisions. At most of our meetings we were privileged to be able to discuss the m ...
Patient Starter Book - Adipex-P
Patient Starter Book - Adipex-P

... in patients taking phentermine and phentermine-like products. Tell your doctor if you have shortness of breath, chest or heart pain, or experience fainting or swelling in your lower legs. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience any decrease in the amount of exercise you are normally able t ...
Review and Critique of Opioid Rotation Practices
Review and Critique of Opioid Rotation Practices

... opioid improve after being rotated to another opioid [7,8]. Another study of patients with chronic noncancer pain found that 81% of patients (N = 86) required a switch to another opioid with as many as five different extendedrelease opioids in succession to establish an effective level of pain contr ...
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Harm reduction



Harm reduction (or harm minimization) is a range of public health policies designed to reduce the harmful consequences associated with various human behaviors, both legal and illegal. Harm reduction policies are used to manage behaviors such as recreational drug use and sexual activity in numerous settings that range from services through to geographical regions. Critics of harm reduction typically believe that tolerating risky or illegal behaviour sends a message to the community that such behaviours are acceptable and that some of the actions proposed by proponents of harm reduction do not reduce harm over the long term.Needle-exchange programmes reduce the likelihood of users of heroin and other drugs sharing the syringes and using them more than once. Syringe-sharing can lead to infections such as HIV or hepatitis C can spread from user to users through the reuse of syringes contaminated with infected blood. Needle and syringe programme (NSP) and Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) outlets in some settings offer basic primary health care. Safe injection site are legally sanctioned, medically supervised facilities designed to address public nuisance associated with drug use and provide a hygienic and stress-free environment for drug consumers. The facilities provide sterile injection equipment, information about drugs and basic health care, treatment referrals, and access to medical staff.Opioid replacement therapy (ORT), or opioid substitution therapy (OST), is the medical procedure of replacing an illegal opioid, such as heroin, with a longer acting but less euphoric opioid; methadone or buprenorphine are typically used and the drug is taken under medical supervision. Another approach is Heroin assisted treatment, in which medical prescriptions for pharmaceutical heroin (diacetylmorphine) are provided to heroin-dependent people. Toronto's Seaton House became the first homeless shelter in Canada to operate a ""wet shelter"" on a ""managed alcohol"" principle in which clients are served a glass of wine once an hour unless staff determine that they are too inebriated to continue. Previously, homeless alcoholics opted to stay on the streets often seeking alcohol from unsafe sources such as mouthwash, rubbing alcohol or industrial products which, in turn, resulted in frequent use of emergency medical facilities.A high amount of media coverage exists informing users of the dangers of driving drunk. Most alcohol users are now aware of these dangers and safe ride techniques like 'designated drivers' and free taxicab programmes are reducing the number of drunk-driving accidents. Many schools now provide safer sex education to teen and pre-teen students, who may engage in sexual activity. Since some adolescents are going to have sex, a harm-reductionist approach supports a sexual education which emphasizes the use of protective devices like condoms and dental dams to protect against unwanted pregnancy and the transmission of STIs. Since 1999 some countries have legalized prostitution, such as Germany (2002) and New Zealand (2003).Many street-level harm-reduction strategies have succeeded in reducing HIV transmission in injecting drug users and sex-workers. HIV education, HIV testing, condom use, and safer-sex negotiation greatly decreases the risk to the disease.
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