Ultra-fast absorption of amorphous pure drug aerosols via deep lung inhalation.
... of drug delivery used in common clinical practice. By introducing drug into the bloodstream very quickly, it produces a transient peak in arterial drug levels as the drug passes for the first time through the body, before its dilution into the full circulatory volume and distribution into tissues.1– ...
... of drug delivery used in common clinical practice. By introducing drug into the bloodstream very quickly, it produces a transient peak in arterial drug levels as the drug passes for the first time through the body, before its dilution into the full circulatory volume and distribution into tissues.1– ...
STOMACH SPECIFIC MUCOADHESIVE MICROSPHERES AS CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM-A REVIEW Review Article
... mucosal surface which act to dehydrate and strengthen the mucus layer. Although this kind of “sticking” has been referred to as mucoadhesion it is important to clearly distinguish such processes from “wet-on-wet” adhesion in which swollen mucoadhesive polymers attach to mucosal surfaces. Hydration i ...
... mucosal surface which act to dehydrate and strengthen the mucus layer. Although this kind of “sticking” has been referred to as mucoadhesion it is important to clearly distinguish such processes from “wet-on-wet” adhesion in which swollen mucoadhesive polymers attach to mucosal surfaces. Hydration i ...
Shared Care Protocol for the use of Dexamfetamine
... Diagnosis of ADHD and decision to initiate treatment. Ensure baseline monitoring of height, weight, BP have been performed plus any additional relevant investigations such as ECG in case of family history of arrythmia or sudden death. Initiation and stabilisation of drug treatment. The GP is not exp ...
... Diagnosis of ADHD and decision to initiate treatment. Ensure baseline monitoring of height, weight, BP have been performed plus any additional relevant investigations such as ECG in case of family history of arrythmia or sudden death. Initiation and stabilisation of drug treatment. The GP is not exp ...
student objectives
... Comprehend foundational concepts associated with pharmacology. Defend the importance of following legal and ethical laws, regulations, and guidelines related to pharmacology. Use mathematic operations and formulas to calculate dosages. Explain classification of drugs. Administer medications. ...
... Comprehend foundational concepts associated with pharmacology. Defend the importance of following legal and ethical laws, regulations, and guidelines related to pharmacology. Use mathematic operations and formulas to calculate dosages. Explain classification of drugs. Administer medications. ...
Regulation documentation requirements
... if two products differ in their release controlling excipients or mechanism but show similar in vitro dissolution profiles these products can be considered belonging to same category of pharmaceutical form and are considered essentially similar after showing bioequivalence if the products differ in ...
... if two products differ in their release controlling excipients or mechanism but show similar in vitro dissolution profiles these products can be considered belonging to same category of pharmaceutical form and are considered essentially similar after showing bioequivalence if the products differ in ...
pharma 2
... cant be digested by peptidases that’s why it has longer half life+it is better as a drug ...
... cant be digested by peptidases that’s why it has longer half life+it is better as a drug ...
... delivered equivalent respirable fractions; (means: 58%, "Caps on": 57 and 52%, "Caps off', F=l.9, p=O.l9) and this was maintained when the product was stored with the cap secured after 60 days, (mean 60%, ~60=0.51). However, as shown in figure I, a marked deterioration in respirable fraction occurs ...
Table of Antidotes (Word Document, 20kB)
... contraindicated in patients who do not have an intact or protected airway. Otherwise, There are not known contraindications. ...
... contraindicated in patients who do not have an intact or protected airway. Otherwise, There are not known contraindications. ...
Opioids part 2
... • Large pulmonary first pass, take up 75% of dose • 40% of remainder taken up by RBCs • Metabolized in liver, no active metabolites, main one is norfentanyl ...
... • Large pulmonary first pass, take up 75% of dose • 40% of remainder taken up by RBCs • Metabolized in liver, no active metabolites, main one is norfentanyl ...
Recreational Drugs - Immunodeficiency Clinic
... Potential Significance Increased levels of norcocaine may predispose patients to increased ...
... Potential Significance Increased levels of norcocaine may predispose patients to increased ...
Document
... Onset of symptoms : 24-48 hrs of life, or as late as 4wks, depend on several factors: a. The dosage of heroine (<6 mg/day no or mild symptom) b. The duration of maternal addiction: (<1y 55%, >1y 73% incidence of withdrawal) c. The time of last maternal dose: ↑incidence if drug taken within 24 hrs o ...
... Onset of symptoms : 24-48 hrs of life, or as late as 4wks, depend on several factors: a. The dosage of heroine (<6 mg/day no or mild symptom) b. The duration of maternal addiction: (<1y 55%, >1y 73% incidence of withdrawal) c. The time of last maternal dose: ↑incidence if drug taken within 24 hrs o ...
EFFECT OF pH ON THE PARTITION CO
... To determine the physicochmeical parameter of the given chemical molecule using pH, log p, log D and pKa values PRINCIPLE: Physicochemical properties of a drug is highly related with its biological action .Various physicochemical properties like hydrogen bonding, ionization, oxidation, reduction pot ...
... To determine the physicochmeical parameter of the given chemical molecule using pH, log p, log D and pKa values PRINCIPLE: Physicochemical properties of a drug is highly related with its biological action .Various physicochemical properties like hydrogen bonding, ionization, oxidation, reduction pot ...
Drug-Associated Disease: Cytochrome P450 Interactions
... visited to ascertain the medications that they had in their homes and how frequently they used them. This information was cross-referenced with a drug-interaction database and with hospital records to clarify the impact of the possible interactions. The average age of patients was 75 years; the medi ...
... visited to ascertain the medications that they had in their homes and how frequently they used them. This information was cross-referenced with a drug-interaction database and with hospital records to clarify the impact of the possible interactions. The average age of patients was 75 years; the medi ...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
... dietician, and the nurse-educator. In most cases, if weight reduction is successful, plasma glucose and lipid levels will approach normal values, and the patient will usually become asymptomatic. If the plasma glucose still remains high, and particularly if the patient is still symptomatic, the sulf ...
... dietician, and the nurse-educator. In most cases, if weight reduction is successful, plasma glucose and lipid levels will approach normal values, and the patient will usually become asymptomatic. If the plasma glucose still remains high, and particularly if the patient is still symptomatic, the sulf ...
Bridging Studies
... To describe the characteristics of foreign clinical data that will facilitate their extrapolation to different populations and support their acceptance as a basis for registration of a medicine in a new region To describe regulatory strategies that minimize duplication of clinical data and facil ...
... To describe the characteristics of foreign clinical data that will facilitate their extrapolation to different populations and support their acceptance as a basis for registration of a medicine in a new region To describe regulatory strategies that minimize duplication of clinical data and facil ...
sheet#3 - DENTISTRY 2012
... Increase bleeding (due to increase of perfusion to tissues) Decrease in depth and duration of local anesthesia. Remember: Local anesthesia once it's injected it will lead to a quick effect of vasodilation. Vasoconstrictors are agents added to the LA to balance the LA activity and counteract the effe ...
... Increase bleeding (due to increase of perfusion to tissues) Decrease in depth and duration of local anesthesia. Remember: Local anesthesia once it's injected it will lead to a quick effect of vasodilation. Vasoconstrictors are agents added to the LA to balance the LA activity and counteract the effe ...
Measurement slides
... • Generally, it is easier for people to make relative vs. absolute judgments (more accuracy and consistency exists) • People rarely make absolute assessments in everyday activities (most choices are basically comparative) Limitation with relative assessments and the instances when absolute judgments ...
... • Generally, it is easier for people to make relative vs. absolute judgments (more accuracy and consistency exists) • People rarely make absolute assessments in everyday activities (most choices are basically comparative) Limitation with relative assessments and the instances when absolute judgments ...
1 PRODUCT INFORMATION TRUSOPT® Eye Drops, 20mg/mL
... lower doses and therefore with less systemic exposure. In clinical trials, this resulted in a reduction in IOP without the acid-base disturbances or alterations in electrolytes characteristic of oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. When topically applied, dorzolamide reaches the systemic circulation. ...
... lower doses and therefore with less systemic exposure. In clinical trials, this resulted in a reduction in IOP without the acid-base disturbances or alterations in electrolytes characteristic of oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. When topically applied, dorzolamide reaches the systemic circulation. ...
introduction – what is parkinson`s disease?
... movement disorder characterised by: – Coordination problems – Slowed movements – Generalised tremor • It is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and affects 1-2% of people over 60. There are currently more than 4 million people suffering from PD worldwide. ...
... movement disorder characterised by: – Coordination problems – Slowed movements – Generalised tremor • It is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and affects 1-2% of people over 60. There are currently more than 4 million people suffering from PD worldwide. ...
5-Antifungal Chemotherapy
... pathogen might, in this way, develop resistance to which of the following agents? • A fungal pathogen has been found accumulating low ergosterol in the cell membrane. Which drug probably would not work against this pathogen (due to development of resistance) if to be prescribed ? ...
... pathogen might, in this way, develop resistance to which of the following agents? • A fungal pathogen has been found accumulating low ergosterol in the cell membrane. Which drug probably would not work against this pathogen (due to development of resistance) if to be prescribed ? ...
Ariel FARM 15 2
... The serum concentrations observed presented a wide dispersa1 among individual~which may be caused by biological variation, manufacturing technology, type of coating used, and the wide variability inter- and intra-individual in absorption reported in previous studies on erythromycin 18-20, The pharma ...
... The serum concentrations observed presented a wide dispersa1 among individual~which may be caused by biological variation, manufacturing technology, type of coating used, and the wide variability inter- and intra-individual in absorption reported in previous studies on erythromycin 18-20, The pharma ...
develpoment and evaluation of sustained release formulations of
... In the present study, Venlafaxine was chosen as a model drug which is a Anti-Depressant. Because of its short life (5-11hr) and its high water solubility it was chosen as a suitable candidate for sustain matrix tablet formulation. It was formulated in to matrix tablet using hydrophilic polymer such ...
... In the present study, Venlafaxine was chosen as a model drug which is a Anti-Depressant. Because of its short life (5-11hr) and its high water solubility it was chosen as a suitable candidate for sustain matrix tablet formulation. It was formulated in to matrix tablet using hydrophilic polymer such ...
International Warnings On Psychiatric And Other Drugs Causing
... mania] and mania [psychosis] have been reported in adult and pediatric patients being treated with [Paxil-like] antidepressants…both psychiatric and non-psychiatric.”18 March 22: Medsafe, New Zealand’s drug regulatory agency, sent a letter to prescribers regarding the use of Selective Serotonin Reup ...
... mania] and mania [psychosis] have been reported in adult and pediatric patients being treated with [Paxil-like] antidepressants…both psychiatric and non-psychiatric.”18 March 22: Medsafe, New Zealand’s drug regulatory agency, sent a letter to prescribers regarding the use of Selective Serotonin Reup ...
DRUGS - Bio-Guru
... These drugs can cause severe anxiety and unhappiness when discontinued, but there is no medical evidence that proves that they cause actual physiological withdrawal. So they may cause psychological dependence rather than physiological dependence. ...
... These drugs can cause severe anxiety and unhappiness when discontinued, but there is no medical evidence that proves that they cause actual physiological withdrawal. So they may cause psychological dependence rather than physiological dependence. ...
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics, sometimes abbreviated as PK (from Ancient Greek pharmakon ""drug"" and kinetikos ""moving, putting in motion""; see chemical kinetics), is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered externally to a living organism. The substances of interest include pharmaceutical agents, hormones, nutrients, and toxins. It attempts to discover the fate of a drug from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body.Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a specific drug after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the chemical changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug. Pharmacokinetic properties of drugs may be affected by elements such as the site of administration and the dose of administered drug. These may affect the absorption rate. Pharmacokinetics is often studied in conjunction with pharmacodynamics, the study of a drug's pharmacological effect on the body.A number of different models have been developed in order to simplify conceptualization of the many processes that take place in the interaction between an organism and a drug. One of these models, the multi-compartment model, gives the best approximation to reality; however, the complexity involved in using this type of model means that monocompartmental models and above all two compartmental models are the most-frequently used. The various compartments that the model is divided into are commonly referred to as the ADME scheme (also referred to as LADME if liberation is included as a separate step from absorption): Liberation - the process of release of a drug from the pharmaceutical formulation. See also IVIVC. Absorption - the process of a substance entering the blood circulation. Distribution - the dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body. Metabolization (or biotransformation, or inactivation) – the recognition by the organism that a foreign substance is present and the irreversible transformation of parent compounds into daughter metabolites. Excretion - the removal of the substances from the body. In rare cases, some drugs irreversibly accumulate in body tissue.The two phases of metabolism and excretion can also be grouped together under the title elimination.The study of these distinct phases involves the use and manipulation of basic concepts in order to understand the process dynamics. For this reason in order to fully comprehend the kinetics of a drug it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of a number of factors such as: the properties of the substances that act as excipients, the characteristics of the appropriate biological membranes and the way that substances can cross them, or the characteristics of the enzyme reactions that inactivate the drug.All these concepts can be represented through mathematical formulas that have a corresponding graphical representation. The use of these models allows an understanding of the characteristics of a molecule, as well as how a particular drug will behave given information regarding some of its basic characteristics. Such as its acid dissociation constant (pKa), bioavailability and solubility, absorption capacity and distribution in the organism.The model outputs for a drug can be used in industry (for example, in calculating bioequivalence when designing generic drugs) or in the clinical application of pharmacokinetic concepts. Clinical pharmacokinetics provides many performance guidelines for effective and efficient use of drugs for human-health professionals and in veterinary medicine.