FullReport
... substance that was interesting to me caffeine was immediately my first pick. It is a substance that can be found in multiple forms and is completely legal. Caffeine has been around for centuries. Throughout history, the most common types of caffeinated products were coffee, tea, and chocolate. The u ...
... substance that was interesting to me caffeine was immediately my first pick. It is a substance that can be found in multiple forms and is completely legal. Caffeine has been around for centuries. Throughout history, the most common types of caffeinated products were coffee, tea, and chocolate. The u ...
Daclatasvir - Daklinza - Bristol
... Daclatasvir was administered orally to pregnant rats at doses of 0, 50, 200, or 1000 mg/kg/day on gestation days 6 to 15. Maternal toxicity (mortality, adverse clinical signs, body-weight losses, and reduced food consumption) was noted at doses of 200 and 1000 mg/kg/day. In the offspring, malformati ...
... Daclatasvir was administered orally to pregnant rats at doses of 0, 50, 200, or 1000 mg/kg/day on gestation days 6 to 15. Maternal toxicity (mortality, adverse clinical signs, body-weight losses, and reduced food consumption) was noted at doses of 200 and 1000 mg/kg/day. In the offspring, malformati ...
Drug and Alcohol Policy - Frederick Community College
... Frederick Community College is committed to an alcohol, tobacco, and drugfree learning and working environment and adheres to the responsibilities set forth in applicable local, state, and federal laws. All members of the College community, visitors, and guests are required to comply. The College pr ...
... Frederick Community College is committed to an alcohol, tobacco, and drugfree learning and working environment and adheres to the responsibilities set forth in applicable local, state, and federal laws. All members of the College community, visitors, and guests are required to comply. The College pr ...
Transnasal Drug Delivery
... companies in life sciences, software technology, energy and management consulting, two of which have been acquired by major corporations. He has served as a planning and technology commercialisation consultant to NASA at the Johnson Space Center and was a co-founder of the SBIR Institute, a technolo ...
... companies in life sciences, software technology, energy and management consulting, two of which have been acquired by major corporations. He has served as a planning and technology commercialisation consultant to NASA at the Johnson Space Center and was a co-founder of the SBIR Institute, a technolo ...
Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Alcohol and Opioids
... – The processes by which drugs get to their site of action (movement of drugs through the body) – Includes absorption, distribution, elimination z Pharmacodynamics ...
... – The processes by which drugs get to their site of action (movement of drugs through the body) – Includes absorption, distribution, elimination z Pharmacodynamics ...
Local anaesthetics
... pH of the ECF B.HCL + HCO3 - = B + H2CO3 + CLSo the LA is present in both ionised (BH+) & non –ionised forms(B) in tissues The proportion of each depends on Pka of drug and the ph medium into which it is adimistered ...
... pH of the ECF B.HCL + HCO3 - = B + H2CO3 + CLSo the LA is present in both ionised (BH+) & non –ionised forms(B) in tissues The proportion of each depends on Pka of drug and the ph medium into which it is adimistered ...
... else. When you swallow a tablet, the substance in it is absorbed and distributed in the body, before being metabolized and/or eliminated. The science that deals with this is pharmacokinetics, abbreviated PK. It involves a modelling part in which data obtained from clinical studies are used to descri ...
Reanalysis of Carbamazepine and Carbamazepine
... CBZ and CBZ-E pharmacokinetics of the two formulations were investigated and compared using noncompartmental analysis. It is worthy to further develop pharmacokinetic model to study the fate of CBZ and CBZ-E following the multiple dosing of the two controlled release formulations. A linear pharmacok ...
... CBZ and CBZ-E pharmacokinetics of the two formulations were investigated and compared using noncompartmental analysis. It is worthy to further develop pharmacokinetic model to study the fate of CBZ and CBZ-E following the multiple dosing of the two controlled release formulations. A linear pharmacok ...
Public Assessment Report Scientific discussion Ursochol 600
... functions explained. The current strength is an addition to the range of other strengths marketed by the MAH (150 mg, 300 mg and 450 mg). The drug product is fully dose proportional to the other three strengths. No clinical studies with the proposed strength have been performed, instead dissolution ...
... functions explained. The current strength is an addition to the range of other strengths marketed by the MAH (150 mg, 300 mg and 450 mg). The drug product is fully dose proportional to the other three strengths. No clinical studies with the proposed strength have been performed, instead dissolution ...
Testing for Overdose of Acetaminophen
... Administration of the antidote N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst, Sandoz, Princeton NJ) within 8 to 24 hours of ingestion prevents or minimizes hepatotoxicity, apparently by serving as a glutathione substitute to detoxify the acetaminophen metabolite. The decision to administer the antidote is based on det ...
... Administration of the antidote N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst, Sandoz, Princeton NJ) within 8 to 24 hours of ingestion prevents or minimizes hepatotoxicity, apparently by serving as a glutathione substitute to detoxify the acetaminophen metabolite. The decision to administer the antidote is based on det ...
shands - UF Health Professionals
... These drugs are targeted because the direct cost reduction potential for them is high. If total costs are considered, the savings are much more. The administration-associated costs must be considered for intravenous medications. These costs include tubing, diluents, time to prepare the medication, a ...
... These drugs are targeted because the direct cost reduction potential for them is high. If total costs are considered, the savings are much more. The administration-associated costs must be considered for intravenous medications. These costs include tubing, diluents, time to prepare the medication, a ...
AACE, TES, ATA Joint Position Statement on the Use and
... amounts of the same active drug ingredient, same dosage, same route of administration) and bioequivalent (see below). Drugs can be considered therapeutic equivalents even if they have different release mechanisms. Therapeutic equivalents can be substituted for one another with the expectation that t ...
... amounts of the same active drug ingredient, same dosage, same route of administration) and bioequivalent (see below). Drugs can be considered therapeutic equivalents even if they have different release mechanisms. Therapeutic equivalents can be substituted for one another with the expectation that t ...
1.4_Lee_FDA OTC Chelators Lee final
... delivery for introduction into interstate commerce of any article in violation of section … 505. • FDCA § 505; [21 USC § 355(a)] – No person shall introduce or deliver for introduction into interstate commerce any new drug, unless an approval of an application … is effective with respect to such dr ...
... delivery for introduction into interstate commerce of any article in violation of section … 505. • FDCA § 505; [21 USC § 355(a)] – No person shall introduce or deliver for introduction into interstate commerce any new drug, unless an approval of an application … is effective with respect to such dr ...
Polyenes (nystatin, amphotericin B)
... Many older azole antifungals (clotrimazole, miconazole) are available in over the counter (OTC) topical preparations for the treatment of fungal infections such as athlete’s foot, vaginal candidiasis, etc. The systemic antifungals more commonly used will be discussed here. These are ketoconazole, fl ...
... Many older azole antifungals (clotrimazole, miconazole) are available in over the counter (OTC) topical preparations for the treatment of fungal infections such as athlete’s foot, vaginal candidiasis, etc. The systemic antifungals more commonly used will be discussed here. These are ketoconazole, fl ...
ANTHELMINTIC DRUGS
... alopecia ,elevation of liver enzymes . used with caution under 2ys of age may cause convulsion in this group. enzyme inducers and inhibitors affect plasma level of the drug. hepatic parenchymal disease ...
... alopecia ,elevation of liver enzymes . used with caution under 2ys of age may cause convulsion in this group. enzyme inducers and inhibitors affect plasma level of the drug. hepatic parenchymal disease ...
Antifungal Agents
... because of their severe toxicity - Their mechanism of action and antifungal spectrum are the same as those of Ketoconazole ...
... because of their severe toxicity - Their mechanism of action and antifungal spectrum are the same as those of Ketoconazole ...
OPTION D: CORE ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
... Many medicines are either non-polar or relatively non-polar molecules. If their target area in the body is in an aqueous environment their low solubility in water, as a result of their non-polarity, will make their uptake slow as it will take time for the medicine, after administration, to reach its ...
... Many medicines are either non-polar or relatively non-polar molecules. If their target area in the body is in an aqueous environment their low solubility in water, as a result of their non-polarity, will make their uptake slow as it will take time for the medicine, after administration, to reach its ...
Antimalarial drug quality: methods to detect
... ARTs and ACTs have already been described from six countries in West, Central and East Africa 17–19] . Large shipments of these drugs have been recently intercepted [20,21] . The expense and desirability of ACTs, the shift in antimalarial treatment policy to this class of drugs in Africa, where a ...
... ARTs and ACTs have already been described from six countries in West, Central and East Africa 17–19] . Large shipments of these drugs have been recently intercepted [20,21] . The expense and desirability of ACTs, the shift in antimalarial treatment policy to this class of drugs in Africa, where a ...
1- Systemic antifungals
... • Fluconazole binds to the fungal p450 enzymes and stops the cells making ergosterol, the main component of the cell wall ...
... • Fluconazole binds to the fungal p450 enzymes and stops the cells making ergosterol, the main component of the cell wall ...
Drugs Classification
... leaves to be used as "coca tea" has been actively promoted by the governments of Peru and Bolivia for many years as a drink having medicinal powers. Visitors to the city of Cuzco in Peru, and La Paz in Bolivia are greeted with the offering of coca leaf infusions (prepared in tea pots with whole co ...
... leaves to be used as "coca tea" has been actively promoted by the governments of Peru and Bolivia for many years as a drink having medicinal powers. Visitors to the city of Cuzco in Peru, and La Paz in Bolivia are greeted with the offering of coca leaf infusions (prepared in tea pots with whole co ...
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals Acquires Talon Therapeutics, Inc.
... acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in second or greater relapse or whose disease has progressed following two or more antileukemia therapies. Vincristine, a microtubule inhibitor, is widely used in combination regimens for treatment of adult and pediatric hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. Sp ...
... acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in second or greater relapse or whose disease has progressed following two or more antileukemia therapies. Vincristine, a microtubule inhibitor, is widely used in combination regimens for treatment of adult and pediatric hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. Sp ...
Prescribing Information
... ingested. Major withdrawal symptoms (convulsions and delirium) may occur within 16 hours and last up to 5 days after abrupt cessation of these drugs. Intensity of withdrawal symptoms gradually declines over a period of approximately 15 days. Treatment of barbiturate dependence consists of cautious a ...
... ingested. Major withdrawal symptoms (convulsions and delirium) may occur within 16 hours and last up to 5 days after abrupt cessation of these drugs. Intensity of withdrawal symptoms gradually declines over a period of approximately 15 days. Treatment of barbiturate dependence consists of cautious a ...
LIGNOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE (Lidocaine)
... If bolus unsuccessful/refractory VT or VF give further 0.5mg – 0.75mg/kg bolus every 5 – 10 minutes (cumulative maximum dose no greater than 3mg/kg – or 200-300mg- in 1 hour) If bolus successful, follow with an IV infusion. ...
... If bolus unsuccessful/refractory VT or VF give further 0.5mg – 0.75mg/kg bolus every 5 – 10 minutes (cumulative maximum dose no greater than 3mg/kg – or 200-300mg- in 1 hour) If bolus successful, follow with an IV infusion. ...
IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE SIDDHA DRUGS SEENTHIL SARKARAI... NILAVEMBU KUDINEER AGAINST LEPTOSPIRA
... antileptospiral activity. From the dilution of 100 µl to 2 ml , growth was observed but in the dilution of 2.5 ml full inhibition was observed. DISCUSSION It is seen worldwide upsurge in use of Siddha treatment for acute and chronic conditions for the sake of preventing the complications and to avoi ...
... antileptospiral activity. From the dilution of 100 µl to 2 ml , growth was observed but in the dilution of 2.5 ml full inhibition was observed. DISCUSSION It is seen worldwide upsurge in use of Siddha treatment for acute and chronic conditions for the sake of preventing the complications and to avoi ...
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics, sometimes abbreviated as PK (from Ancient Greek pharmakon ""drug"" and kinetikos ""moving, putting in motion""; see chemical kinetics), is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered externally to a living organism. The substances of interest include pharmaceutical agents, hormones, nutrients, and toxins. It attempts to discover the fate of a drug from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body.Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a specific drug after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the chemical changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug. Pharmacokinetic properties of drugs may be affected by elements such as the site of administration and the dose of administered drug. These may affect the absorption rate. Pharmacokinetics is often studied in conjunction with pharmacodynamics, the study of a drug's pharmacological effect on the body.A number of different models have been developed in order to simplify conceptualization of the many processes that take place in the interaction between an organism and a drug. One of these models, the multi-compartment model, gives the best approximation to reality; however, the complexity involved in using this type of model means that monocompartmental models and above all two compartmental models are the most-frequently used. The various compartments that the model is divided into are commonly referred to as the ADME scheme (also referred to as LADME if liberation is included as a separate step from absorption): Liberation - the process of release of a drug from the pharmaceutical formulation. See also IVIVC. Absorption - the process of a substance entering the blood circulation. Distribution - the dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body. Metabolization (or biotransformation, or inactivation) – the recognition by the organism that a foreign substance is present and the irreversible transformation of parent compounds into daughter metabolites. Excretion - the removal of the substances from the body. In rare cases, some drugs irreversibly accumulate in body tissue.The two phases of metabolism and excretion can also be grouped together under the title elimination.The study of these distinct phases involves the use and manipulation of basic concepts in order to understand the process dynamics. For this reason in order to fully comprehend the kinetics of a drug it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of a number of factors such as: the properties of the substances that act as excipients, the characteristics of the appropriate biological membranes and the way that substances can cross them, or the characteristics of the enzyme reactions that inactivate the drug.All these concepts can be represented through mathematical formulas that have a corresponding graphical representation. The use of these models allows an understanding of the characteristics of a molecule, as well as how a particular drug will behave given information regarding some of its basic characteristics. Such as its acid dissociation constant (pKa), bioavailability and solubility, absorption capacity and distribution in the organism.The model outputs for a drug can be used in industry (for example, in calculating bioequivalence when designing generic drugs) or in the clinical application of pharmacokinetic concepts. Clinical pharmacokinetics provides many performance guidelines for effective and efficient use of drugs for human-health professionals and in veterinary medicine.