Anabolic Steroids
... Anabolic steroids are a diverse group of drugs that mimic, to varying degrees, the actions of endogenous testosterone. For the last 50 years the use of these drugs within elite sport (along with a diverse number of other performance-enhancing substances) has been a concern for sports authorities. In ...
... Anabolic steroids are a diverse group of drugs that mimic, to varying degrees, the actions of endogenous testosterone. For the last 50 years the use of these drugs within elite sport (along with a diverse number of other performance-enhancing substances) has been a concern for sports authorities. In ...
leprosy - Dr. Raj Kumar Sharma
... MDT is available free of charge from WHO The drugs used in WHO-MDT are a combination of Rifampicin, clofazimine and Dapsone for MB leprosy patients and Rifampicin and Dapsone for PB leprosy patients. Treatment of leprosy with only one anti leprosy drug will always result in development of drug resis ...
... MDT is available free of charge from WHO The drugs used in WHO-MDT are a combination of Rifampicin, clofazimine and Dapsone for MB leprosy patients and Rifampicin and Dapsone for PB leprosy patients. Treatment of leprosy with only one anti leprosy drug will always result in development of drug resis ...
Yanyan Cui, Mona I. Churchwell, Letha H. Couch, Daniel
... metabolism of PY74 by 3-MC-induced microsomes plateaued between 5 and 10 mg/ml BSA (results not shown) and, therefore, we used 5 mg/ml BSA in subsequent studies. The metabolic activity increased significantly when the concentration of microsomal protein was increased from 100 g/ml to 500 g/ml, pla ...
... metabolism of PY74 by 3-MC-induced microsomes plateaued between 5 and 10 mg/ml BSA (results not shown) and, therefore, we used 5 mg/ml BSA in subsequent studies. The metabolic activity increased significantly when the concentration of microsomal protein was increased from 100 g/ml to 500 g/ml, pla ...
Aldactone - Hemingways.org
... by spironolactone, or its metabolites, have appeared in the literature. Neither the extent nor the potential clinical significance of its interference (which may be assay-specific) has been fully established. Carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, impairment of fertility: Orally administered spironolactone ha ...
... by spironolactone, or its metabolites, have appeared in the literature. Neither the extent nor the potential clinical significance of its interference (which may be assay-specific) has been fully established. Carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, impairment of fertility: Orally administered spironolactone ha ...
VALIUM brand of diazepam TABLETS Rx Only WARNING: RISKS
... lower peak concentrations appear due to a slower rate of absorption, with the time required to achieve peak concentrations on average 20 - 25 minutes greater in the presence of antacids. However, this difference was not statistically significant. Compounds Which Inhibit Certain Hepatic Enzymes There ...
... lower peak concentrations appear due to a slower rate of absorption, with the time required to achieve peak concentrations on average 20 - 25 minutes greater in the presence of antacids. However, this difference was not statistically significant. Compounds Which Inhibit Certain Hepatic Enzymes There ...
Xl Annual Scientific Meeting, Argentine Society of Experimental
... by different enzymatic systems from both hepatic and extra-hepatic tissues. As a result of these enzyme reactions (biotransformations), the metabolic product is generally less lipophilic and more polar (hydrophilic). Generally, the metabolites formed are readily eliminated by normal excretion routes ...
... by different enzymatic systems from both hepatic and extra-hepatic tissues. As a result of these enzyme reactions (biotransformations), the metabolic product is generally less lipophilic and more polar (hydrophilic). Generally, the metabolites formed are readily eliminated by normal excretion routes ...
PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON GASTRO-PROTECTIVE CHIMERIC DERIVATIVE OF BIPHENYL
... metabolites: gamma-hydroxy [1, 1'-biphenyl]-4-butanoic acid (I), [1, 1'-biphenyl]-4-acetic acid (II), 4' hydroxy [1, 1'-biphenyl]-4-acetic acid (III), and gamma, 4'-dihydroxy [1,1'-biphenyl]-4-butanoic acid (IV). Fenbufen and metabolites I and II circulate to plasma and are pharmacologically active; ...
... metabolites: gamma-hydroxy [1, 1'-biphenyl]-4-butanoic acid (I), [1, 1'-biphenyl]-4-acetic acid (II), 4' hydroxy [1, 1'-biphenyl]-4-acetic acid (III), and gamma, 4'-dihydroxy [1,1'-biphenyl]-4-butanoic acid (IV). Fenbufen and metabolites I and II circulate to plasma and are pharmacologically active; ...
A randomised, controlled trial of once daily and multi
... postnatal age,15–18 and use of a ‘‘loading dose’’ is recommended.19 Extrapolation of the results of detailed, developed country pharmacokinetic studies to resource poor settings may also be difficult. In one study where it is explicitly reported, almost 20% of infants had dose adjustments made durin ...
... postnatal age,15–18 and use of a ‘‘loading dose’’ is recommended.19 Extrapolation of the results of detailed, developed country pharmacokinetic studies to resource poor settings may also be difficult. In one study where it is explicitly reported, almost 20% of infants had dose adjustments made durin ...
Jan Procek Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of
... years its anti-cancer activity had been proved but its clinical use is limited due to high dosages toxicity when taken orally. Literature data suggest that other routs of administration and/of formulation should be considered. The use of nano-pharmaceuticals increases drug concentration in the tumor ...
... years its anti-cancer activity had been proved but its clinical use is limited due to high dosages toxicity when taken orally. Literature data suggest that other routs of administration and/of formulation should be considered. The use of nano-pharmaceuticals increases drug concentration in the tumor ...
Basic info about Iboga
... its development as an addiction interrupter medication has been very slow due to the fact ibogaine is a natural occurring molecule and therefore cannot be owned with a patent while it’s highly complex mechanisms of action are extremely expensive to fully research. Along with the fact that psychoacti ...
... its development as an addiction interrupter medication has been very slow due to the fact ibogaine is a natural occurring molecule and therefore cannot be owned with a patent while it’s highly complex mechanisms of action are extremely expensive to fully research. Along with the fact that psychoacti ...
Benzodiazepines
... • Usually not a solution to presenting problems • Limited long-term efficacy with potential for dependence • Short-acting night sedation can lead to daytime use (i.e. when taken to avoid withdrawal) • Similarly, continuance of use avoids withdrawal • Long-term use is common and associated with: ...
... • Usually not a solution to presenting problems • Limited long-term efficacy with potential for dependence • Short-acting night sedation can lead to daytime use (i.e. when taken to avoid withdrawal) • Similarly, continuance of use avoids withdrawal • Long-term use is common and associated with: ...
Clozapine - Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust
... contact their doctor or member of the mental health team. Treatment Breaks If treatment is stopped for more than 48 hours then it is important to restart gradually from 12.5mg once or twice on the first day. Interactions with Clozapine The following are the most common drug interactions. Drug Bone m ...
... contact their doctor or member of the mental health team. Treatment Breaks If treatment is stopped for more than 48 hours then it is important to restart gradually from 12.5mg once or twice on the first day. Interactions with Clozapine The following are the most common drug interactions. Drug Bone m ...
MetroGel® (metronidazole topical gel) Topical Gel, 0.75% Rx Only
... Metronidazole crosses the placental barrier and enters the fetal circulation rapidly. No fetotoxicity was observed after oral metronidazole in rats or mice. However, because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response and since oral metronidazole has been shown to be a ca ...
... Metronidazole crosses the placental barrier and enters the fetal circulation rapidly. No fetotoxicity was observed after oral metronidazole in rats or mice. However, because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response and since oral metronidazole has been shown to be a ca ...
Transformation of Peptides into Non-Peptides
... but the discovery of bioavailable inhibitors. We are interested in devising systematic ways for transforming the biologically active conformation of a peptide bound to an enzyme into a non-peptide'mimetic' that will have improved pharmacokinetic properties. In the same way that principles have been ...
... but the discovery of bioavailable inhibitors. We are interested in devising systematic ways for transforming the biologically active conformation of a peptide bound to an enzyme into a non-peptide'mimetic' that will have improved pharmacokinetic properties. In the same way that principles have been ...
Review Article Amla (Emblica officinalis) – Medicinal Food and
... The effect of crude amla (traditionally known as amalaki rasayana) on total serum protein and its fractions was studied in rabbits. The drug had no significant effect on the levels of serum protein fractions but it raised the total protein level and increased the body weight. The studies indicated t ...
... The effect of crude amla (traditionally known as amalaki rasayana) on total serum protein and its fractions was studied in rabbits. The drug had no significant effect on the levels of serum protein fractions but it raised the total protein level and increased the body weight. The studies indicated t ...
Kwartaalbericht
... non-irritated skin site on the upper outer arm, upper chest, upper back, or side of chest. If necessary, the area can be cleansed with water only; it is advised not to use soaps alcohol, oils, lotions, or abrasive devices on the application site. The skin at the application site should be allowed to ...
... non-irritated skin site on the upper outer arm, upper chest, upper back, or side of chest. If necessary, the area can be cleansed with water only; it is advised not to use soaps alcohol, oils, lotions, or abrasive devices on the application site. The skin at the application site should be allowed to ...
View Product Information
... Tetracyclines are safe for use during the first 18 weeks of pregnancy, after which they cause discolouration of the baby’s teeth. Tetracyclines also accumulate in the growing skeleton. These products should be avoided during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Large doses of tetracyclines ...
... Tetracyclines are safe for use during the first 18 weeks of pregnancy, after which they cause discolouration of the baby’s teeth. Tetracyclines also accumulate in the growing skeleton. These products should be avoided during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Large doses of tetracyclines ...
Public Policy Statement on the Use of Naloxone for the
... overdose. It acts quickly, is non-addictive, may be dispensed by injection (preferably intramuscular) or nasal application, and has mild side effects when used at the proper low dosage. Currently, paramedics and emergency room staff are authorized to administer naloxone to resuscitate drug overdose ...
... overdose. It acts quickly, is non-addictive, may be dispensed by injection (preferably intramuscular) or nasal application, and has mild side effects when used at the proper low dosage. Currently, paramedics and emergency room staff are authorized to administer naloxone to resuscitate drug overdose ...
this PDF file
... several orthopaedic implants such as pins, screws, cranio-maxilla-facial plates and so on. After about two decades, in the 1990s, the pharmaceutical industry entered in to this new era of biodegradable polymers introducing depot injections. One of the most popular and commercially successful depot i ...
... several orthopaedic implants such as pins, screws, cranio-maxilla-facial plates and so on. After about two decades, in the 1990s, the pharmaceutical industry entered in to this new era of biodegradable polymers introducing depot injections. One of the most popular and commercially successful depot i ...
The Role of Medications in Drug and Alcohol Counseling
... BP. This includes all the opiates and opioids. Opiate antagonist – Binds to opiate receptors and doesn’t activate the receptor. It will block the receptor, and can reverse the affect of an opiate/opioid. Naloxone (Narcan), Naltrexone ...
... BP. This includes all the opiates and opioids. Opiate antagonist – Binds to opiate receptors and doesn’t activate the receptor. It will block the receptor, and can reverse the affect of an opiate/opioid. Naloxone (Narcan), Naltrexone ...
The use of benzodiazepines within the Traveller community
... gather these figures, they do not highlight the real extent of the problem within the entire community i.e. Travellers who are most likely to fall between the gaps of support services and who may not consider their benzodiazepine use a problem. The Report of the Benzodiazepine Committee acknowledge ...
... gather these figures, they do not highlight the real extent of the problem within the entire community i.e. Travellers who are most likely to fall between the gaps of support services and who may not consider their benzodiazepine use a problem. The Report of the Benzodiazepine Committee acknowledge ...
tretn medicines information centre
... intermittent or short term pain, eg postoperative pain or where there is a need for rapid dose titration for severe uncontrolled pain. The onset of effect after placing a patch is slow and blood levels do not reach steady-state for 36-48 hours after starting a new dose. As blood levels increase over ...
... intermittent or short term pain, eg postoperative pain or where there is a need for rapid dose titration for severe uncontrolled pain. The onset of effect after placing a patch is slow and blood levels do not reach steady-state for 36-48 hours after starting a new dose. As blood levels increase over ...
Pharmaceutical Marketing: A Comparison of Different
... Patient Information Leaflet is a document provided along with a prescription medication to provide additional information about that drug. The first information that‟s listed is usually the brand name, the quantities of the drug available and generic name of the product. The other sections are as fo ...
... Patient Information Leaflet is a document provided along with a prescription medication to provide additional information about that drug. The first information that‟s listed is usually the brand name, the quantities of the drug available and generic name of the product. The other sections are as fo ...
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics, sometimes abbreviated as PK (from Ancient Greek pharmakon ""drug"" and kinetikos ""moving, putting in motion""; see chemical kinetics), is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered externally to a living organism. The substances of interest include pharmaceutical agents, hormones, nutrients, and toxins. It attempts to discover the fate of a drug from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body.Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a specific drug after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the chemical changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug. Pharmacokinetic properties of drugs may be affected by elements such as the site of administration and the dose of administered drug. These may affect the absorption rate. Pharmacokinetics is often studied in conjunction with pharmacodynamics, the study of a drug's pharmacological effect on the body.A number of different models have been developed in order to simplify conceptualization of the many processes that take place in the interaction between an organism and a drug. One of these models, the multi-compartment model, gives the best approximation to reality; however, the complexity involved in using this type of model means that monocompartmental models and above all two compartmental models are the most-frequently used. The various compartments that the model is divided into are commonly referred to as the ADME scheme (also referred to as LADME if liberation is included as a separate step from absorption): Liberation - the process of release of a drug from the pharmaceutical formulation. See also IVIVC. Absorption - the process of a substance entering the blood circulation. Distribution - the dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body. Metabolization (or biotransformation, or inactivation) – the recognition by the organism that a foreign substance is present and the irreversible transformation of parent compounds into daughter metabolites. Excretion - the removal of the substances from the body. In rare cases, some drugs irreversibly accumulate in body tissue.The two phases of metabolism and excretion can also be grouped together under the title elimination.The study of these distinct phases involves the use and manipulation of basic concepts in order to understand the process dynamics. For this reason in order to fully comprehend the kinetics of a drug it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of a number of factors such as: the properties of the substances that act as excipients, the characteristics of the appropriate biological membranes and the way that substances can cross them, or the characteristics of the enzyme reactions that inactivate the drug.All these concepts can be represented through mathematical formulas that have a corresponding graphical representation. The use of these models allows an understanding of the characteristics of a molecule, as well as how a particular drug will behave given information regarding some of its basic characteristics. Such as its acid dissociation constant (pKa), bioavailability and solubility, absorption capacity and distribution in the organism.The model outputs for a drug can be used in industry (for example, in calculating bioequivalence when designing generic drugs) or in the clinical application of pharmacokinetic concepts. Clinical pharmacokinetics provides many performance guidelines for effective and efficient use of drugs for human-health professionals and in veterinary medicine.